Assessment of rate of penetration of a tunnel boring machine in the longest railway tunnel of Turkey

AbstractOne of the most important issues in tunnels to be constructed with tunnel boring machines (TBMs) is to predict the excavation time. Excavation time directly affects tunnel costs and feasibility. For this reason, studies on the prediction of TBM performance have always been interesting for tunnel engineers. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to develop models to predict the rate of penetration (ROP) of TBMs. In accordance with the purpose of the study, a new database including 5334 cases is obtained from the longest railway tunnel of Turkey. Each case includes uniaxial compressive strength, Cerchar Abrasivity Index, α angle, weathering degree and water conditions as input or independent variables. Two multiple regression models and two ANN models are developed in the study. The performances of the ANN models are considerably better than those of the multiple regression equations. Before deep tunnel construction in a metamorphic rock medium, the ANN models developed in the study are reliable and can be used. In contrast, the performances of the multiple regression equations are promising, but they predict lower ROP values than the measured ROP values. Consequently, the prediction models for ROP are open to development depending on the new data and new prediction algorithms.

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Influence of geology on tunnel boring machine performance: A review

Journal of Mining and Metallurgy A Mining ◽

10.5937/jmma2001001p ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

P.K. Pandey ◽

A.K. Raina ◽

S. Deshmukh ◽

R. Trivedi ◽

R. Vajre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Properties ◽

Circular Cross Section ◽

Tunnel Boring Machine ◽

Intact Rock ◽

Joint Spacing ◽

Tunnel Boring Machines ◽

Tunnel Boring ◽

Machine Performance ◽

Geological Conditions ◽

Boring Machines

Tunnel boring machines are used for excavating a variety of soils and rocks for circular cross-section tunnels. Several published studies examined the role of rockmass in determining the cutting and advance rate of tunnel boring machines. A comprehensive review of literature was conducted to ascertain the influence of geological conditions on the performance of tunnel boring machines and revealed that different rock characteristics were used to define the tunnel boring machine performance. The progress of the tunnel boring machine was ascribed to the inherent properties of the rockmass, intact rock properties, and surrounding geological conditions. Several authors found that extreme geological conditions strongly influence the advance of the machine. The review revealed that joint spacing, angle between plane of weakness and tunnel axis, rock quality designation, and number of joint sets were the most important variables that influenced the advance rates of the tunnel boring machine. At least 12 intact rock variables were used to define tunnel boring machine performance with one to seven such variables used in combination. The compressive strength, tensile strength, and brittleness index emerged as most crucial intact properties. Rockmass classifications or indices of tunnel boring machine performance were used by different authors to predict their performance and even to define their selection methodology. Use of dynamic properties of rock/rockmass was identified as a grey area for future research by scientists.

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Geotechnical risks, mitigation measures and performance of tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunnels for the Tuen Mun – Chek Lap Kok Link Project, Hong Kong

HKIE Transactions ◽

10.33430/v26n4thie-2019-0017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 175-189

Author(s):

Lucas Kwan Lok Chan ◽

Alan Kwok Lun Kwong

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Ground Improvement ◽

Tunnel Boring Machine ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Face Stability ◽

Tunnel Boring Machines ◽

Tunnel Boring ◽

Overall Performance ◽

Boring Machines ◽

And Performance

The Tuen Mun – Chek Lap Kok Link (TM-CLKL) project implemented latest innovation designs and ground improvement techniques in large slurry tunnel boring machines (TBM) tunnelling for constructing the sub-sea TBM tunnel in Hong Kong. Face stability, ground settlement, blow out, water ingress and ovalisation are always the major geotechnical risks for TBM tunnelling in the industry. This paper summarises the design considerations in terms of ground improvement and special arrangements of TBM tunnelling to mitigate the geotechnical risks and the improvement of the overall performance of TBM tunnelling under the TM-CLKL project. Field monitoring data such as surface settlement, ovalisation of segmental lining and ground improvement technique such as barrettes are presented.

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Assessing prediction models of advance rate in tunnel boring machines—a case study in Iran

Arabian Journal of Geosciences ◽

10.1007/s12517-011-0339-y ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 481-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kazem Oraee ◽

Bahram Salehi

Keyword(s):

Prediction Models ◽

Tunnel Boring Machines ◽

Advance Rate ◽

Tunnel Boring ◽

Boring Machines

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Research on the Load on Cutter Head of Hard Rock Tunnel Boring Machine

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.684.303 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 684 ◽

pp. 303-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiao Xu Zhao ◽

Ya Dong Gong

Keyword(s):

Hard Rock ◽

Rolling Force ◽

Tunnel Boring Machine ◽

Tunnel Boring Machines ◽

Tunnel Boring ◽

Particle Hydrodynamics ◽

Boring Machines ◽

And Performance ◽

Rock Tunnel ◽

Cutter Head

Study on the load exerted on cutter head is very useful for the design and performance prediction of hard rock tunnel boring machines. A composite model based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics and finite element method was carried out using AUTODYN software to study the rock fragmentation mechanism of constant cross-section disk cutters in cutter head. The normal force, rolling force and side force on the disk cutters with different cutter radius were researched in the numerical simulation study. The results were verified by historical literature data. To obtain the distribution of the forces with different cutter radius, the loading of cutter head of a Ф5.75 hard rock tunnel boring machine were analyzed. The result shows that it is useful for cutter head’s design and its layout optimization.

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Study of the influence of face pressure on surface settlements by shield tunneling

Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences ◽

10.46326/jmes.2020.61(1).04 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 31-40

Author(s):

Do Ngoc Thai ◽

Do Duc Toan ◽

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Tunnel Boring Machine ◽

Shield Tunnel ◽

Shield Tunneling ◽

Tunnel Boring Machines ◽

Tunnel Boring ◽

The Face ◽

Boring Machines ◽

Surface Settlements

In the mechanized excavation of subway tunnels, the shield tunnel boring machine (TBM) has been developed in recent decades for managing the instability of the excavation profile in complicated geotechnical conditions in urban areas. The paper presents a 3D simulation procedure for the detailed description of TBM (via the finite element code Abaqus) and quantifies the influence of TBM face pressure on ground surface settlements. The model is used to calculate ground surface settlements for different values of TBM face pressure. An additional aspect of the investigation is the determination of the critical value of TBM face pressure, which controls face instability in very weak ground. During the advancement of shield tunnel boring machines, the face-stabilizing pressure is one of the most important factors of critical. In tunneling by shield tunnel boring machines, high face pressure often leads to surface upheaval, whereas low face pressure leads to sudden collapse of the face and ultimately settlement of the surface. For the model condition, the maximum value was quantity 250 kPa and the minimum value obtained quantity 150 KPa.

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Prediction of load on the cutting tools in tunnel boring machines

Acta Montanistica Slovaca ◽

10.46544/ams.v25i4.01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 444-452

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Cutting Tools ◽

Circular Cross Section ◽

Tunnel Boring Machine ◽

Correct Identification ◽

Tunnel Boring Machines ◽

Tunnel Boring ◽

Cutting Insert ◽

Boring Machines ◽

Network Type

A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a machine that is used to excavate tunnels with a circular cross-section. TBMs can bore through a variety of ground conditions. Tunnel boring machines are used as an alternative to drilling methods. TBMs have the advantages of limiting the disturbance to the surrounding ground. Predicting the load on cutting tools in tunnel boring machines is important for the mining process. The article presents a proposal for a method of forecasting the load on mining machinery tools. This paper presents current trends in hard rock tunnelling, including the directions of research on automated excavation processes. Particular emphasis is put on the aspects of predicting load variations in the cutterhead tools, which is of vital importance for machine power selection and mining process control, among others. The problem of predicting the load and wear of excavation tools plays an important role in designing and maintaining cutterheads. The effective monitoring of the operation of multi-tool cutterhead knives and their replacement time depend on correct identification of the type and condition of the excavating tool cutting insert. A neural network with a multilayer perceptron structure was used as a prediction tool. The concept of this network type is based on the arrangement of neurons in successive layers. This neural network type is treated as an input-output model. Its parameters include weights and threshold values.

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A perspective of pipejacking works by tunnel boring machines in Hong Kong: part I – development, selection of design, operations and types of techniques

HKIE Transactions ◽

10.33430/v28n3thie-2021-0019 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108-118

Author(s):

Wilson W S Mok ◽

Andrew S W Ng

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Design Method ◽

Tunnel Boring Machine ◽

Tunnel Boring Machines ◽

Tunnel Boring ◽

Ground Conditions ◽

History Of ◽

Boring Machines ◽

And Performance ◽

Selection Of

In this paper, the history of pipejacking works by tunnel boring machines in Hong Kong, their development, selection of design method and tunnel boring machine (TBM), operations, length and alignment of a pipeline, types of techniques to suit different site constraints and ground conditions, and performance of the works are discussed. This paper should be read together with part II, which covers applications, problems encountered, cost and prospects.

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