scholarly journals Workplace automation without achievement gaps: a reply to Danaher and Nyholm

AI and Ethics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Tigard

AbstractIn a recent article in this journal, John Danaher and Sven Nyholm raise well-founded concerns that the advances in AI-based automation will threaten the values of meaningful work. In particular, they present a strong case for thinking that automation will undermine our achievements, thereby rendering our work less meaningful. It is also claimed that the threat to achievements in the workplace will open up ‘achievement gaps’—the flipside of the ‘responsibility gaps’ now commonly discussed in technology ethics. This claim, however, is far less worrisome than the general concerns for widespread automation, namely because it rests on several conceptual ambiguities. With this paper, I argue that although the threat to achievements in the workplace is problematic and calls for policy responses of the sort Danaher and Nyholm outline, when framed in terms of responsibility, there are no ‘achievement gaps’.

AI and Ethics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Danaher ◽  
Sven Nyholm

AbstractRapid advances in AI-based automation have led to a number of existential and economic concerns. In particular, as automating technologies develop enhanced competency, they seem to threaten the values associated with meaningful work. In this article, we focus on one such value: the value of achievement. We argue that achievement is a key part of what makes work meaningful and that advances in AI and automation give rise to a number achievement gaps in the workplace. This could limit people’s ability to participate in meaningful forms of work. Achievement gaps are interesting, in part, because they are the inverse of the (negative) responsibility gaps already widely discussed in the literature on AI ethics. Having described and explained the problem of achievement gaps, the article concludes by identifying four possible policy responses to the problem.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-176
Author(s):  
MARK WEINBLATT

To the Editor.— This correspondence is in regard to the recent article by Woods and Tuchman about neuroblastoma screening and the commentary by McWilliams.1,2 Woods and Tuchman make a strong case for the institution of mass screening for neuroblastoma in infants to diagnose the tumors at an earlier and more treatable stage of their disease. The feasibility of this type of screening has been successfully demonstrated for other diseases (eg, galactosemia, hypothyroidism, and phenylketonuria) with resultant decreased morbidity and mortality.


1987 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 17-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Pheifer

‘The Anglo-Saxon glosses are part of the Anglo-Saxon literary heritage.’ This oracular pronouncement of Professor Stanley's has been elucidated by Michael Lapidge's recent article on the school of Canterbury, to which mine is in some ways complementary. Lapidge makes a strong case for his view that the ‘original English collection’ ofglossae collectaein the Leiden Glossary and other continental glossaries was compiled in Canterbury under Archbishop Theodore (669–90) and Abbot Hadrian (671–709 × 10) and transmitted to continental centres of Anglo-Saxon missionary activity during the eighth century, and he emphasizes its importance as ‘a wonderful treasury of evidence for the books which were known and studied in early England’. One piece of evidence that he adduces for the English origin of this collection is the fact that batches of glosses derived from it are found in the Epinal–Erfurt and Corpus glossaries, which establishes that the collection was already in existence and in England when the Epinal–Erfurt Glossary was compiled betweenc.675 and the end of the seventh century, and was still there intact when the compiler of the Corpus Glossary used it a century or more later.


1996 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 182-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Murison-Bowie

In recent years there have been many claims made for the importance of corpus linguistics to the fields of language description and language teaching. The strong case suggests that without a corpus (or corpora) there is no meaningful work to be done. The weak case is that there are additional descriptive and pedagogic perspectives facilitated by corpus-based work which improve our knowledge of the language and our ability to use it.


2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oran Young

AbstractThe current wave of interest in Arctic affairs has struck with startling speed and remarkable force. Fueled by the writings of pundits asking provocative questions (e.g., “who owns the Arctic?”), this wave has now captured the attention of policymakers and begun to trigger policy responses (e.g., the May 2008 Ilulissat Declaration from the five Arctic coastal states). This article examines these developments from the perspective of governance, raising questions about underlying drivers, the identity of relevant stakeholders, the framing of issues for consideration in policy settings, and the extent to which a new regime for the Arctic Ocean or an even more ambitious legally binding convention or treaty for the whole Arctic region is needed. The general conclusion is that many proposals on offer in this realm are simplistic but that there is a strong case for taking a number of pragmatic steps to address specific problems of governance in the far North during an era of rapid change.


2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Scott Morgan ◽  
Linda J. Skitka ◽  
Christopher W. Bauman ◽  
Nicholas P. Aramovich
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