Primary production and release of dissolved organic carbon from phytoplankton in the western North Atlantic Ocean

1972 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 731-735
Author(s):  
Chung Il Choi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean

scholarly journals The Seasonal Flux and Fate of Dissolved Organic Carbon Through Bacterioplankton in the Western North Atlantic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Baetge ◽  
Michael J. Behrenfeld ◽  
James Fox ◽  
Kimberly H. Halsey ◽  
Kristina D. A. Mojica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Carbon Demand ◽  
Carbon Pump ◽  
Biological Carbon Pump

The oceans teem with heterotrophic bacterioplankton that play an appreciable role in the uptake of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) derived from phytoplankton net primary production (NPP). As such, bacterioplankton carbon demand (BCD), or gross heterotrophic production, represents a major carbon pathway that influences the seasonal accumulation of DOC in the surface ocean and, subsequently, the potential vertical or horizontal export of seasonally accumulated DOC. Here, we examine the contributions of bacterioplankton and DOM to ecological and biogeochemical carbon flow pathways, including those of the microbial loop and the biological carbon pump, in the Western North Atlantic Ocean (∼39–54°N along ∼40°W) over a composite annual phytoplankton bloom cycle. Combining field observations with data collected from corresponding DOC remineralization experiments, we estimate the efficiency at which bacterioplankton utilize DOC, demonstrate seasonality in the fraction of NPP that supports BCD, and provide evidence for shifts in the bioavailability and persistence of the seasonally accumulated DOC. Our results indicate that while the portion of DOC flux through bacterioplankton relative to NPP increased as seasons transitioned from high to low productivity, there was a fraction of the DOM production that accumulated and persisted. This persistent DOM is potentially an important pool of organic carbon available for export to the deep ocean via convective mixing, thus representing an important export term of the biological carbon pump.

scholarly journals Importance of dissolved organic nitrogen in the North Atlantic Ocean in sustaining primary production: a 3-D modelling approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1727-1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Charria ◽  
I. Dadou ◽  
J. Llido ◽  
M. Drévillon ◽  
V. Garçon
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Dissolved Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
Ekman Transport ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. An eddy-permitting coupled ecosystem-circulation model including dissolved organic matter is used to estimate the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) supply sustaining primary production in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. After an analysis of the coupled model performances compared to the data, a sensitivity study demonstrates the strong impact of parameter values linked to the hydrolysis of particulate organic nitrogen and remineralisation of dissolved organic nitrogen on surface biogeochemical concentrations. The physical transport of dissolved organic nitrogen contributes to maintain the level of primary production in this subtropical gyre. It is dominated by the meridional component. We estimate a meridional net input of 0.039 molN.m−2.yr−1 over the domain (13°–35° N and 71–40° W) in the subtropical gyre. This supply is driven by the Ekman transport in the southern part and by non-Ekman transport (meridional current components, eddies, meanders and fronts) in the northern part of the subtropical gyre. At 12° N, our estimate (18 kmolN.s-1) confirms the estimation (17.9 kmolN.s-1) made by Roussenov et al. (2006) using a simplified biogeochemical model in a large scale model. This DON meridional input is within the range (from 0.05 up to 0.24 molN.m−2.yr-1) (McGillicuddy and Robinson, 1997; Oschlies, 2002) of all other possible mechanisms (mesoscale activity, nitrogen fixation, atmospheric deposition) fuelling primary production in the subtropical gyre. The present study confirms that the lateral supply of dissolved organic nitrogen might be important in closing the N budget over the North Atlantic Ocean and quantifies the importance of meridional input of dissolved organic nitrogen.

Eddy-induced enhancement of primary production in a model of the North Atlantic Ocean

Nature ◽  
10.1038/28373 ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 394 (6690) ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Oschlies ◽  
Véronique Garçon
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

scholarly journals Bacterial survival governed by organic carbon release from senescent oceanic phytoplankton

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 16973-16999 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lasternas ◽  
S. Agustí
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Ne Atlantic ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Carbon Release ◽  
Phytoplankton Cell

Abstract. Bacteria recycle vast amounts of organic carbon, playing key biogeochemical and ecological roles in the ocean. Bacterioplankton dynamics are expected to be dependent on phytoplankton primary production, but there is a high diversity of processes (e.g. sloppy feeding, cell exudation, viral lysis) involved in the transference of primary production to dissolved organic carbon available to bacteria. Here we show cell survival of heterotrophic bacterioplankton in the subtropical Atlantic Ocean to be determined by phytoplankton extracellular carbon release (PER). PER represents the fraction of primary production released as dissolved organic carbon, and changes in the PER variability was explained by phytoplankton cell death, with the communities experiencing the highest phytoplankton cell mortality showing a larger proportion of extracellular carbon release. Both PER and the percent of dead phytoplankton cells increased from eutrophic to oligotrophic waters, while heterotrophic bacteria communities, including 60 to 95% of living cells (%LC), increased from the productive to the most oligotrophic waters. The percentage of living heterotrophic bacterial cells increased with increasing phytoplankton extracellular carbon release, across oligotrophic to productive waters in the NE Atlantic, where lower PER have resulted in a decrease in the flux of phytoplankton DOC per bacterial cell. The results highlight phytoplankton cell death as a process influencing the flow of dissolved photosynthetic carbon in the NE Atlantic Ocean, and demonstrated a close coupling between the fraction of primary production released and heterotrophic bacteria survival.

scholarly journals Importance of dissolved organic nitrogen in the north Atlantic Ocean in sustaining primary production: a 3-D modelling approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1437-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Charria ◽  
I. Dadou ◽  
J. Llido ◽  
M. Drévillon ◽  
V. Garçon
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Dissolved Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
Ekman Transport ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. An eddy-permitting coupled ecosystem-circulation model including dissolved organic matter is used to estimate the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) supply sustaining primary production in the subtropical north Atlantic Ocean. After an analysis of the coupled model performances compared to the data, a sensitivity study demonstrates the strong impact of parameter values linked to the hydrolysis of particulate organic nitrogen and remineralisation of dissolved organic nitrogen on surface biogeochemical concentrations. The physical transport of dissolved organic nitrogen contributes to maintain the level of primary production in this subtropical gyre. It is dominated by the meridional component. We estimate a meridional net input of 0.039 molN m−2 yr−1 over the domain (13–35° N and 71–40° W) in the subtropical gyre. This supply is driven by the Ekman transport in the southern part and by non-Ekman transport (meridional current components, eddies, meanders and fronts) in the northern part of the subtropical gyre. At 12° N, our estimate (18 kmolN s−1) confirms the estimation (17.9 kmolN s−1) made by Roussenov et al. (2006) using a simplified biogeochemical model in a large scale model. This DON meridional input is within the range (from 0.05 up to 0.24 molN m−2 yr−1) (McGillicuddy and Robinson, 1997; Oschlies, 2002) of all other possible mechanisms (mesoscale activity, nitrogen fixation, atmospheric deposition) fuelling primary production in the subtropical gyre. The present study confirms that the lateral supply of dissolved organic nitrogen might be important in closing the N budget over the north Atlantic Ocean and quantifies the importance of meridional input of dissolved organic nitrogen.

scholarly journals Influence of Rossby waves on primary production from a coupled physical-biogeochemical model in the North Atlantic Ocean

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-967
Author(s):  
G. Charria ◽  
I. Dadou ◽  
P. Cipollini ◽  
M. Drévillon ◽  
V. Garçon
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Rossby Waves ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Wave Crest ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract. How do Rossby waves influence primary production in the North Atlantic Ocean? Rossby waves have a clear signature on surface chlorophyll concentrations which can be explained by a combination of vertical and horizontal mechanisms (reviewed in Killworth et al., 2004). In this study, we aim to investigate the role of the different physical processes to explain the surface chlorophyll signatures and the consequences on primary production using a 3-D coupled physical/biogeochemical model for the year 1998. The analysis at 20 given latitudes, mainly located in the subtropical gyre, where Rossby waves are strongly correlated with a surface chlorophyll signature, shows that vertical and horizontal processes are involved in the surface chlorophyll anomalies. Furthermore, the ecosystem response is, as expected, stronger when vertical input of dissolved inorganic nitrogen is observed. The surface chlorophyll anomalies, induced by these physical mechanisms, have an impact on primary production. We then estimate that Rossby waves induce, locally in space and time, increases (generally associated with the wave crest) and decreases (generally associated with the wave trough) in primary production (~±20% of the estimated primary production). This symmetrical situation suggests a net weak effect of Rossby waves on primary production.

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