Temporal and spatial transitions in collagen types during embryonic chick limb development

1974 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Linsenmayer
Keyword(s):  
Limb Development ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Collagen Types ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Temporal and spatial transitions in collagen types during embryonic chick limb development

1973 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Linsenmayer ◽  
Bryan P. Toole ◽  
Robert L. Trelstad
Keyword(s):  
Limb Development ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Collagen Types ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Has collagen a role in muscle pattern formation in the developing chick wing?

Development ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-254
Author(s):  
G. B. Shellswell ◽  
A. J. Bailey ◽  
V. C. Duance ◽  
D. J. Restall
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Collagen Types ◽  
Developing Muscle ◽  
Ventral Muscle

We have used antibodies to three of the isomorphic forms of collagen, types I, III and V, in an immunofluorescence microscopy study of myogenesis in the embryonic chick wing, concentrating on the period between stages 27 and 30 (5 to 7·5 days incubation) which is when the dorsal and ventral muscle masses separate into discrete muscles. We have demonstrated the presence of all three collagen types at the ectoderm-mesenchyme junction from stage 27 onwards. Type I collagen and then type III collagen are found in progressively deeper layers of the dermis at the later stages. Both types I and V collagen are initially present in the cartilage elements, but type 1 collagen becomes restricted to the periphery of these structures at later stages. The developing muscle areas show a lack of staining at all stages and it is only at the latest stages that types I and III collagen first appear in the surrounding epimysium. We discuss possible mechanisms for the division of the muscle masses in the light of this information on the distribution of collagen types.

Collagen types IX and X in the developing chick tibiotarsus: analyses of mRNAs and proteins

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.F. Linsenmayer ◽  
Q.A. Chen ◽  
E. Gibney ◽  
M.K. Gordon ◽  
J.K. Marchant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Type X Collagen ◽  
Collagen Types ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Collagen Protein

To examine the regulation of collagen types IX and X during the hypertrophic phase of endochondral cartilage development, we have employed in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence histochemistry on selected stages of embryonic chick tibiotarsi. The data show that mRNA for type X collagen appears at or about the time that we detect the first appearance of the protein. This result is incompatible with translational regulation, which would require accumulation of the mRNA to occur at an appreciably earlier time. Data on later-stage embryos demonstrate that once hypertrophic chondrocytes initiate synthesis of type X collagen, they sustain high levels of its mRNA during the remainder of the hypertrophic program. This suggests that these cells maintain their integrity until close to the time that they are removed at the advancing marrow cavity. Type X collagen protein in the hypertrophic matrix also extends to the marrow cavity. Type IX collagen is found throughout the hypertrophic matrix, as well as throughout the younger cartilaginous matrices. But the mRNA for this molecule is largely or completely absent from the oldest hypertrophic cells. These data are consistent with a model that we have previously proposed in which newly synthesized type X collagen within the hypertrophic zone can become associated with type II/IX collagen fibrils synthesized and deposited earlier in development (Schmid and Linsenmayer, 1990; Chen et al. 1990).

The effect of 6-aminonicotinaniide on limb development

Development ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-318
Author(s):  
John C. McLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Morphological Effect

The morphological effect of the nicotinamide analogue 6-aminonicotinamide on the development of the embryonic chick limb was studied, with special reference to muscle, cartilage, feather germ formation, and ossification. No evidence was found to support theories of control of differentiation by nicotinamide-like substances, although the effect of nicotinamide analogues has often been quoted as evidence for such theories. However, the effect of 6-AN in shortening the limb provides an opportunity to study the interaction of various tissues in normal growth and development, and the results are used to shed further light on the processes involved in muscle splitting, and feather germ formation.

Expression of the chicken homeobox-containing gene GHox-8 during embryonic chick limb development

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline N.D. Coelho ◽  
Lauro Sumoy ◽  
Barbara J. Rodgers ◽  
Duncan R. Davidson ◽  
Robert E. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limb Development ◽  
Embryonic Chick

scholarly journals A positional information gradient of sonic hedgehog is required for flight feather formation in avian wings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Busby ◽  
Cristina Aceituno ◽  
Caitlin McQueen ◽  
Constance A. Rich ◽  
Maria A. Ros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Flight Feather ◽  
Avian Flight ◽  
Theropod Dinosaurs ◽  
Wing Bud ◽  
Tissue Recombination ◽  
Recombination Experiments

Flight is a triumph of evolution that enabled the radiation and success of birds. A crucial step was the development of forelimb flight feathers that may have evolved for courtship or territorial displays in ancestral theropod dinosaurs. Classical tissue recombination experiments performed in the chick embryo provide evidence that signals operating during early limb development specify the position and identity of feathers. Here we show that a positional information gradient of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling in the embryonic chick wing bud specifies the pattern of adult flight feathers in a defined spatial and temporal sequence that reflects their different identities. We reveal that the Shh signalling gradient is interpreted into specific patterns of flight feather-associated gene expression. Our data suggests that flight feather evolution involved the co-option of the pre-existing digit patterning mechanism and therefore uncovers an embryonic process that played a fundamental step in the evolution of avian flight.

The preliminary characterization of mitogens secreted by embryonic chick wing bud tissues in vitro

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
K. M. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Bovine Endothelial Cells ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Wing Bud

Embryonic chick wing bud tissues secrete diffusible mitogens when cultured in vitro (Bell & McLachlan, 1985). These molecules may play an important role in limb development since media conditioned by morphogenetically active regions of the wing bud possess greater mitogenic activity than media conditioned by non-morphogenetic regions. These studies show that while the chick-derived growth factors were mitogenic for mouse-derived NIH 3T3,10T1/2 and NR6 cells and chick limb bud cells, they did not stimulate DNA synthesis in 3B11, PC13 END, normal rat kidney or bovine endothelial cells. Furthermore, the effects of the chick-derived mitogens were synergistically enhanced by insulin and PGF2α but remained unaffected by ECDGF, EGF, FGF and MSA. These findings indicate that embryonic chick limb bud cells synthesize and secrete growth factors which resemble in function other well-characterized growth factors and in particular PDGF.

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