Linear electromechanical responses of ferroelectric ceramics with inductive-resistive external load

1979 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Amos ◽  
Peter J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
External Load ◽  
Ferroelectric Ceramics ◽  
Electromechanical Responses

One Dimensional, Linear Dynamic Electromechanical Responses of Ferroelectric Ceramics

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Amos ◽  
P. J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Domain Switching ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Electric Displacement ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Ferroelectric Ceramics ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Relaxation Effects ◽  
Laplace Transform Technique ◽  
Electromechanical Responses

In this paper we consider the coupled electromechanical responses of poled ferroelectric ceramics. Our considerations are linear as well as one dimensional. The constitutive relations which characterize the stress and the electric field in terms of the strain and the electric displacement reflect the fact that the responses of such a material are time dependent. These time dependent processes arise principally because domain switching, due to mechanical loadings and the application of external electric fields, does not occur instantaneously as well as due to other mechanical and electrical relaxation effects. We then formulate the boundary-initial value problems which correspond to the voltage mode, finite resistance, and pulse poling and depoling experiments. These problems are solved using Laplace transform technique, and numerical inversions of the transform solutions are obtained by utilizing the method outlined by Luke and Salzer.

scholarly journals Modification of Mechanical and Electromechanical Resonances of Cellular Ferroelectret Films Depending on the External Load

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3239
Author(s):  
Julio Quirce Aguilar ◽  
Tomás Gómez Álvarez-Arenas
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
External Load ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Polarization Vector ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducers ◽  
Piezoelectric Response ◽  
Active Elements ◽  
Electromechanical Responses ◽  
Electrically Charged

Ferroelectret films are cellular polymers with electrically charged pores that exhibit piezoelectric response. Among other applications, ferroelectret films have been widely used as active elements in air-coupled ultrasonic transducers. More recently, they have also been tested in water immersion. They show a promising wide frequency band response, but a poor sensitivity produced by the disappearance of the electromechanical resonances. This paper studies in detail the modification of FE films response when put into water immersion, both the mechanical and the electromechanical responses (the latter in transmission and reception modes). The lack of electromechanical thickness resonances when the films are put into water is explained as the result of the different profile of the modification of the polarization vector along the film thickness imposed by the large mechanical load produced by the water. This different electromechanical response can also be the reason for the subtle modification of the mechanical thickness resonances that is also observed and analyzed.

TEST-RETEST REPRODUCIBILITY OF SCAPULAR ROTATIONS ACROSS SPECIFIC SHOULDER ELEVATION WITH AND WITHOUT EXTERNAL LOAD

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. S638
Author(s):  
H-L Deng ◽  
W-Y Gong ◽  
H Tsao ◽  
L-Y Guo ◽  
C-H Yang
Keyword(s):  
External Load ◽  
Shoulder Elevation

scholarly journals A model of processive walking and slipping of kinesin-8 molecular motors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Xie
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
External Load ◽  
Molecular Motor ◽  
Velocity Versus ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Load Dependence ◽  
Chemomechanical Coupling ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Stick Slip Motion

AbstractKinesin-8 molecular motor can move with superprocessivity on microtubules towards the plus end by hydrolyzing ATP molecules, depolymerizing microtubules. The available single molecule data for yeast kinesin-8 (Kip3) motor showed that its superprocessive movement is frequently interrupted by brief stick–slip motion. Here, a model is presented for the chemomechanical coupling of the kinesin-8 motor. On the basis of the model, the dynamics of Kip3 motor is studied analytically. The analytical results reproduce quantitatively the available single molecule data on velocity without including the slip and that with including the slip versus external load at saturating ATP as well as slipping velocity versus external load at saturating ADP and no ATP. Predicted results on load dependence of stepping ratio at saturating ATP and load dependence of velocity at non-saturating ATP are provided. Similarities and differences between dynamics of kinesin-8 and that of kinesin-1 are discussed.

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