A new method for determination of the systolic blood pressure in conscious rats

Life Sciences ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 1233-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keld Hermansen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
New Method ◽  
Conscious Rats

scholarly journals Longitudinal prospective observational type study about determinants of renal resistive index variations in chronic renal failure patients treated with conventional medical and dietetic therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Simone Brardi ◽  
Gabriele Cevenini ◽  
Vanni Giovannelli ◽  
Giuseppe Romano
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Renal Resistive Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Renal Doppler

Objective: This longitudinal prospective observational type study was conceived with the aim to examine the impact on renal resistive index (RRI) of the variables that we can manipulate with therapeutic and or dietetic interventions in a chronic kidney disease population in order to known which of these variables was statistically related to changes in RRI and therefore could become the object of the greatest therapeutic effort. Material and methods: This study was undertaken between May 2016 to May 2017 in the outpatient nephrology and urology clinic of San Donato Hospital in Arezzo. The study population (84 patients: 47 males and 37 females) was randomly selected among the chronic kidney patients (with various degrees of renal impairment) affected by hypertension and or diabetes mellitus. After a comprehensive medical examination these patients were submitted to determination of serum creatinine, glycated hemoglobin, 24-hour urinary albumin excretion and finally renal Doppler ultrasonography. Then the patients were submitted to a full therapeutic and dietetic intervention to ameliorate the renal impairment by a wide range of actions and after on average a one-year interval were submitted again to a new medical examination and a second determination of serum creatinine, glycated hemoglobin, 24-hour urinary albumin excretion and a new renal Doppler ultrasonography too. Results: The comparison between basal and final data revealed a slight reduction in the mean of bilateral renal resistance indices (Delta RRI: -0.0182 ± 0.08), associated to a slight increase in the mean glomerular filtration rate (Delta GFR: 0.8738 ± 10.95 ml/min/1.73 m2), a reduction in mean body weight (Delta weight: -1.9548 ± 5.26 Kg) and mean BMI (Delta BMI: -0.7643 ± 2.10 Kg/m2) as well as a reduction in the mean systolic blood pressure (Delta systolic blood pressure: -8.8333 ± 25.19 mmHg). Statistical analysis showed statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) between Delta RRI and Delta weight (p < 0.03), Delta BMI (p < 0.02) and Delta systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Despite the many limitations the our study clearly identifies the targets (yet widely known) to act on to prevent kidney alterations related to RRI and provides further evidence, if any, of the utility of RRI as a key parameter in monitoring patients with chronic renal failure and as a valuable tool to drive the clinical efforts to contrast the kidney disease.

scholarly journals P0317EARLY MARKERS OF RENAL INJURY AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Abdullaev
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Background and Aims The definition of subclinical renal damage markers in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and evaluation the relations between the indicators of subclinical renal injury and endothelial dysfunction. Method The study included 62 patients with MS, 32 (51.6%) men and 30 (48.4%) women aged 51.2±5.4 years. The control group included 25 practically healthy individuals, 13 (52.0%) men and 12 (48.0%) women, aged 47.3±6.1 years. All patients were underwent clinical and laboratory examination, calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using the formula CKD-EPI, ultrasound of the carotid arteries, determination of the insulin resistance index (IR) (HOMA-IR), as well as determination of the content of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in serum and albumin excretion in a single portion of urine by IFA. Results When calculating GFR, hyperfiltration was detected in 10 (16.1%), optimal filtration - in 23 (37.1%), slightly reduced - in 29 (46.8%). At the same time, in patients with MS, a statistically significant excess of urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in a single dose was revealed compared with the control group (26.6±5.8 mcg/ml and 9.2±3.4 mcg/ml, respectively; p &lt;0.001). Based on the increase in level (ET-1) in patients of the main group, compared with the control (6.3±3.2 fmol/ml and 3.4±1.0 fmol/ml, respectively; p=0.03) may indicate the development in patients of the main group of endothelial dysfunction. A correlation analysis revealed a direct correlation between the level of UAE and ET-1 (R = 0.45; p = 0.005). A direct correlation was found between UAE and IR-HOMA (R = 0.68; p &lt;0.007), interventricular septum thickness (R = 0.71; p &lt;0.001), and intima–media thickness (IMT) (R = 0.49; p &lt;0.008) and systolic blood pressure (R = 0.47; p = 0.026). Similar associations were noted also for the ET-1 level: IR-HOMA2 (R = 0.78; p &lt;0.001), with the thickness of the interventricular septum (R = 0.76; p = 0.001), IMT (R = 0.46; p &lt;0.033) and systolic blood pressure (R = 0.45; p = 0.035). Conclusion In patients with metabolic syndrome, in addition to the well-known manifestations, in the early stages, may be a violation of renal function and endothelium, manifested by the change of glomerular filtration rate, increased levels of UAE and increased concentration of ET-1 in the blood. Direct correlation of the level of UAE and ET-1 level, and the coincidence of the correlation relationships of these indicators with a number of clinical and laboratory indicators of the metabolic syndrome will make it possible to consider an increasing of the level of UAE as one of the markers of endothelial dysfunction.

Determination of systolic blood pressure via pulse oximeter in transported pediatric patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARRY GILMORE ◽  
WILLIAM HARDWICK ◽  
JAMES NOLAND ◽  
DAVID PATTON
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Pediatric Patients

EVALUATION OF THE FLUSH TECHNIQUE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN INFANCY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Margaret P. Sullivan ◽  
Mahomi Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Office Procedure ◽  
Pressure Reading ◽  
Apparent Relationship ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Japanese Infants

Using the flush technique, 3 systolic blood pressure readings were taken in the right arm and right leg of 160 Japanese infants of approximately 9 months of age. Analysis of the data obtained on 103 babies who were quiet or nursing when all determinations were made showed the following: 1. A sex difference in systolic blood pressure could not be demonstrated by statistical methods; there was no apparent relationship between blood pressure and height or weight. 2. No difference could be demonstrated between arm and leg pressures by statistical methods. 3. The difference in systolic pressures among infants in this study was highly significant. This variability among patients was greater than the variability among the 3 observations on an extremity of an individual patient. 4. The method may be considered a satisfactory clinic or office procedure if its limitations are recognized. One blood pressure reading on a patient by this method is of little value. A minimum of 3 readings should be obtained and averaged. Five readings are recommended for routine blood pressure determinations. For more exacting studies, 8 readings might be taken and averaged.

Systemically Administered α2-Agonist-induced Peripheral Vasoconstriction in Humans

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka Talke ◽  
Errol Lobo ◽  
Ronald Brown
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Brachial Plexus Block ◽  
Hemodynamic Variables ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Adrenoceptor Agonist ◽  
Plasma Target ◽  
Plexus Block

Background alpha(2)-Adrenoceptors mediate both sympatholytic and vasoconstrictive hemodynamic effects. The goal of this study was to profile the peripheral vasoconstrictive effects of a selective alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist in isolation from the sympatholytic effects it also induces. Methods The authors administered increasing plasma target concentrations of dexmedetomidine (0.075, 0.15, 0.3, and 0.6 ng/mL) or saline placebo to healthy young volunteers in whom the sympatholytic effects of the drug were attenuated in one of two ways: general anesthesia (propofol-alfentanil-nitrous oxide) or axillary brachial plexus block. Measurements were made of finger blood volume (an indicator of vasoconstriction) by photoplethysmographic determination of light transmitted through a finger (LTF) and hemodynamic variables. Measurements made before and during the four steps of infusion were compared by repeated-measures ANOVA. Results In anesthetized volunteers, all concentrations of dexmedetomidine increased LTF (vasoconstriction) and systolic blood pressure (P &lt; 0.001 for both), whereas placebo did not. In awake volunteers, all concentrations decreased systolic blood pressure (P &lt; 0.001). Concentrations of 0.15, 0.3, and 0.6 ng/mL decreased LTF (vasodilation) in the neurally intact hand; in contrast, the same concentrations increased LTF (vasoconstriction) in the sympathectomized hand (P &lt; 0.001 for both). Conclusions The results of this study are the first to characterize the lower end of the dose-response curve for vasoconstriction induced by dexmedetomidine. By denervating the vascular bed of interest or by decreasing sympathetic nervous system activity, the authors were able to observe vasoconstriction induced by a systemically administered alpha(2)-agonist with minimal interference from the sympatholytic effects of the drug.

A Simple Versatile Method for Measuring Tail Cuff Systolic Blood Pressure in Conscious Rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Widdop ◽  
Xiao C. Li
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Electric Pulse ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Conscious Rats ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Tail Cuff ◽  
Piezo Electric

1. The non-invasive measurement of tail cuff systolic blood pressure in conscious rats is routinely used in long-term cardiovascular studies. There are a number of commercially available tail cuff systems, however, these apparatus are generally expensive and are dedicated for single-task operations. In the present study, a simple method for measuring systolic blood pressure, which requires only minor modifications to the existing hardware found in most cardiovascular laboratories, is described. 2. Systolic blood pressure measurements were made in the conventional manner by determining the systolic blood pressure which coincided with the restoration of the caudal artery pulse. This was achieved by using an inexpensive piezo-electric pulse transducer to detect the pulse, and this was coupled to a standard data-aquisition system (MacLab®, ADInstruments) normally set up to record blood pressure. This method was compared with another established tail cuff method, as well as with direct intra-arterial recordings. 3. It was found that the results obtained using both tail cuff systems were in good agreement when systolic blood pressure was measured in Wistar—Kyoto rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats. In addition, systolic blood pressure was measured over 4 weeks in 2K1C rats and sham-operated rats, with both tail cuff methods producing similar results, which were not significantly different from direct intra-arterial recordings in the same animals. 4. Thus, in the present study, with only minor modifications, the same equipment was used for both direct and indirect determinations of systolic blood pressure. This situation differs from other conventional tail cuff systems since these items are designed for a single purpose. Therefore, the current method using piezo-electric sensor/MacLab®-technology should be viewed as a relatively simple, flexible and cheap alternative method to measure tail cuff systolic blood pressure in conscious rats.

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