A multimethod approach to community evaluation of police performance

This research presents the value of historic urban landscape (HUL) elements in influencing the character of George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS), Penang, Malaysia. The values were perceived by the local community of different social-cultural groups that occupied the study area. The historic urban landscape elements constitute towards the protection of its townscape. The identification of the heritage elements influenced by the community interaction with their environment. This study also helps to define the character of a place, as well as reflecting its historical significance. The study adopted four techniques to gather both qualitative and quantitative data, including questionnaire survey, in-depth interview, visual survey and content analysis. In general, the local community has the capability in valuing the historic urban landscape values. The outcomes of their perceptions became the statement of the historic urban landscape values, which are expected to lead to the development of the areas. The community evaluation and perception can be expanded in implementing any development of the historic urban area by the authority.

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Introduction

10.1093/oso/9780198826927.003.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ekrem Karakoç

Keyword(s):

Party System ◽

Median Voter ◽

System Stability ◽

New Democracies ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Electoral Volatility ◽

Large N ◽

Multimethod Approach ◽

Median Voter Theory ◽

Nondemocratic Regimes

This chapter opens by providing empirical evidence that income inequality persists or increases in many new democracies after their transition. Then it gives a brief overview of studies that expect reduced inequality because of democratization and questions their three assumptions regarding median voters, party system stability, and the authoritarian legacy on citizen–party linkage. It offers a revision to the median voter theory, emphasizes high electoral volatility in new democracies, and reexamines the legacy of previous nondemocratic regimes on citizen–party linkage. Having offered its argument in a nutshell, it turns to research methodology and case selection. It offers the rationale behind employing a multimethod approach to test its arguments. It tests its argument through large-N analysis in new and longstanding democracies in Europe as well as two paired case studies: Poland and the Czech Republic in postcommunist Europe and Turkey and Spain in Southern Europe.

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Multicriteria Ranking for the Efficient and Effective Assessment of Police Departments

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13084251 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 4251

Author(s):

Thyago C. C. Nepomuceno ◽

Cinzia Daraio ◽

Ana Paula C. S. Costa

Keyword(s):

Criminal Behavior ◽

Performance Assessments ◽

Police Performance ◽

Police Departments ◽

Strategic Objectives ◽

Frontier Analysis ◽

Promethee Ii ◽

Effectiveness Analysis ◽

Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽

Effective Assessment

The nonparametric assessment of police efficiency and effectiveness is challenging due to the stochastic nature of criminal behavior and the subjective dependence on multiple decision criteria, leading to different prospects depending on the regulation, necessity, or organizational objective. There is a trade-off between sustainable efficiency and effectiveness in many police performance assessments, because many departments can be crime-specialized or cannot reproduce good results effectively on more severe or complex occurrences. This study aims to provide a non-compensatory ranking classification combining Conditional Frontier Analysis with the PROMETHEE II methodology for the multidimensional efficiency and effectiveness analysis of police. The results on Pernambuco (Brazil) Police departments offer interesting perspectives for public administrations concerning prioritizations of units based on the mitigation of resources and strategic objectives.

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