Role of carbonate rocks in modifying extreme flow behaviour

Baltic oil shales — kukersites were studied as an example of rocks with rock-forming organic matter (OM). The volumetric significance of their OM is shown (due to the low density) in the volume and thickness of the shale layers. A higher OM content is responsible for a lower strength of the shales relative to the carbonate rocks of the deposit. The variable OM contents and other heterogeneities of the shale layers (structure, nodules, etc.) are factors of the mosaic distribution of areas with different density–strength properties and, as a result, of uneven reduction of layers and their deformation in the case of OM loss (full or partial). It is concluded that the intercalation of kukersite and limestone layers leads to density and strength anisotropy of the shale deposit. Episodic loss of OM and carbonates by the shales is considered for the local areas of the deposit: here, kukersites contain only a terrigenous component with clasts of limestones, shales, and epigenetic sulfides. The loss of OM is explained by sulfate-reduction processes in the underground hydrosphere.

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The Role of Sediment Composition in the Flow Behaviour of Submarine Landslides

74th EAGE Conference and Exhibition - Workshops ◽

10.3997/2214-4609.20149774 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Dieter Issler

Keyword(s):

Flow Behaviour ◽

Submarine Landslides ◽

Sediment Composition

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The role of solution in the formation of boudinage and transverse veins in carbonate rocks at Rheems, Pennsylvania

Geological Society of America Bulletin ◽

10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1552:trosit>2.3.co;2 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 103 (12) ◽

pp. 1552-1563 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

DECLAN G. DE PAOR ◽

CAROL SIMPSON ◽

CHRISTOPHER M. BAILEY ◽

KENNETH J. W. MCCAFFREY ◽

ERIC BEAM ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbonate Rocks

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Role of Anions in the Flow Behaviour of H-Montmorillonite in Dilute Suspensions

Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society ◽

10.1080/0371750x.1985.10822721 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 14-16

Author(s):

H. Roy

Keyword(s):

Flow Behaviour ◽

Dilute Suspensions

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Role of the Environment in the Placement of Apocarbonate Gold Mineralization Chakylkalyan Megablock (Southern Uzbekistan)

Bulletin of Science and Practice ◽

10.33619/2414-2948/67/05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

Author(s):

T. Yarboboev ◽

Sh. Sultanov ◽

I. Ochilov

Keyword(s):

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Gold Mineralization ◽

Gold Deposits ◽

Gold Deposition ◽

Sufficient Detail ◽

Available Information ◽

Gold Bearing ◽

Geochemical Specialization

Analysis of the available information and the results of many years of research on gold deposits in Uzbekistan made it possible to identify the main unconventional types of deposits. Among them, the most interesting are apocarbonate, crustal, sulfide-carbonaceous and apovolcanogenic quartzite (Upper-Kattakashkasai ore occurrence). The apocarbonate type is widespread in Uzbekistan, has been studied in sufficient detail and information is provided on it in this article. The article examines the existence, distribution and genesis of ores of Karlin type gold deposits. The generalizing characteristics of the Karlin type gold mineralization are given. The issues of geochemical specialization of the Paleozoic strata of the Chakylkalyan megablock are considered, the most favorable stratolevel for the localization of mineralized zones is determined, and the features of carbonate rocks in the process of gold deposition during reactions with silicic solutions are characterized. Based on the materials of regional geochemical profiling, the behavior of the main ore-forming elements in the rocks of both carbonate and volcanogenic-terrigenous strata is analyzed. As a result of the analysis, subclarkic contents of the main ore-forming elements (As, Co, Ni, Pb, Cu, Ag, V, Cr, Sc) were revealed, which create increased concentrations in gold-bearing pyrites of both apocarbonate gold mineralization and related formations.

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Wildfires as a Weathering Agent of Carbonate Rocks

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11101091 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1091

Author(s):

Nurit Shtober-Zisu ◽

Lea Wittenberg

Keyword(s):

Forest Fire ◽

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Fire Effects ◽

Temperature Gradients ◽

Peak Temperature ◽

Rock Weathering ◽

Moderate Increase ◽

Ground Temperatures ◽

Slow Decrease

While most of the scientific effort regarding wildfires has predominantly focused on fire effects on vegetation and soils, the role of fire as an essential weathering agent has been largely overlooked. This study aims to evaluate rock decay processes during wildfires, in relation to ground temperatures and rock morphologies of limestone, dolomite, and chalk. In 2010, a major forest fire in Israel caused massive destruction of the exposed rocks and accelerated rock weathering over the burned slopes. While a detailed description of the bedrock exfoliation phenomenon was previously reported, here, we conducted an experimental open fire to determine the temperature and gradients responsible for boulder shattering. The results show ground temperatures of 700 °C after 5 min from ignition, while the peak temperature (880 °C) was reached after 9 min. Temperature gradients show a rapid increase during the first 5 min (136 °C/min), moderate increase during the next 4 min (43 °C/min), and slow decrease for the next 9 min (25 °C/min). After 12 min, all boulders of all formations were cracked or completely shattered. The behaviour of carbonate rocks upon heating was studied to identify the erosive effects of fire, namely the formation of new cracks and matrix deterioration.

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