Fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from human faeces in Switzerland

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hildegard Adler-Mosca ◽  
Martin Altwegg
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Human Faeces

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated from Cattle between 2002 and 2006 in France

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERRE CHÂTRE ◽  
MARISA HAENNI ◽  
DANIÈLE MEUNIER ◽  
MARIE-ANNE BOTREL ◽  
DIDIER CALAVAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Environmental Reservoir ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Clinical Breakpoints

Feces from 2,255 cattle (calves, young beef cattle, and culled cows) were collected at slaughter from nine departments across France. Campylobacter was recovered from 16.5% of the 2,255 samples (C. jejuni from 12.8% and C. coli from 3.7%), predominantly from calves. Antimicrobial resistance to six antibiotics of medical and/or veterinary interest was tested with the E-test. Resistance to tetracycline was found in most isolates (52.8% of C. jejuni isolates and 88.1% of C. coli isolates) in contrast to low but consistent resistance to ampicillin and erythromycin. Only two C. coli isolates were resistant to gentamicin. Multiple resistance was frequently detected in C. jejuni and C. coli isolates, and 0.8% (3 of 372) of the isolates were resistant to five of the six antimicrobials. An upward trend in the resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones in C. jejuni from calves was found; resistance to nalidixic acid reached 70.4% in 2006 and fluoroquinolone resistance increased from 29.7 to 70.4% during 2002 through 2006. All data were analyzed in parallel using clinical breakpoints or epidemiological cutoff values, and the results overlapped largely, except those for gentamicin. This 5-year survey (2002 through 2006) gives the first overview of the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of C. jejuni and C. coli in cattle in France and documents to what extent cattle may contribute to the environmental reservoir of Campylobacter in France in the context of recurrent reports on links between human campylobacterioses and livestock. The results underline a notable increase in the resistance to fluoroquinolones in C. jejuni from cattle that may be of significant importance for public health.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of New Fluoroquinolones against Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolates Obtained from Humans in 1980 to 1982 and 1997 to 2001

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 2946-2950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rea Krausse ◽  
Uwe Ullmann
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Campylobacter Coli

ABSTRACT The antibacterial activities of three newly developed fluoroquinolones (gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin) against a total of 307 gastrointestinal human isolates of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli collected during 1980 to 1982 and 1997 to 2001 were examined and compared to those of ciprofloxacin and the unrelated antibacterial agents, clarithromycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline by using the agar plate dilution method. All of the fluoroquinolones exhibited a good activity against Campylobacter, and some of them were more active than ciprofloxacin, the macrolides, and tetracycline. Among the fluoroquinolones, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin showed the highest anticampylobacter activity, with MICs at which 50% of the isolates tested are inhibited (MIC50s) and MIC90s of 0.125 and 4 μg/ml, respectively; the MIC50 for both levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was 0.25, and the MIC90s were 16 and 32 μg/ml, respectively. About 30% of the strains were found to be resistant to at least one fluoroquinolone. Resistance to gatifloxacin occurred in 9.8% of the isolates tested, and resistance to the other fluoroquinolones occurred in 19.9 to 27.4% of the isolates tested; the frequency of cross-resistance was 35.7 to 100%. An increase in fluoroquinolone resistance from 0% in 1980 to 1982 to 11.8 to 29% in 1997 and 1998, 8.2 to 31.8% in 1999 and 2000, and 12.1 to 30.3% in 2001 was found. A total of 61.4 to 73.2% of the C. jenuni strains resistant to erythromycin, clarithromycin, and/or tetracycline were susceptible to fluoroquinolones; gatifloxacin showed the highest percentage of inhibition. These results show that the newer fluoroquinolones with their potent activity could be used to treat infections with C. jejuni and C. coli. However, when these drugs are used, one must consider the increase in resistance and the high cross-resistance to these antimicrobial agents.

Fluoroquinolone resistance and gyrA mutations in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from chicken in Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 22-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf A. Abd El-Tawab ◽  
Ahmed M. Ammar ◽  
Heba A. Ahmed ◽  
Fatma I. EI Hofy ◽  
Ahmed A. Hefny
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Coli

scholarly journals Emergence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli among Australian Chickens in the Absence of Fluoroquinolone Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Abraham ◽  
Shafi Sahibzada ◽  
Kylie Hewson ◽  
Tanya Laird ◽  
Rebecca Abraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Human Illness

ABSTRACT In a structured survey of all major chicken-meat producers in Australia, we investigated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and genomic characteristics of Campylobacter jejuni (n = 108) and C. coli (n = 96) from cecal samples of chickens at slaughter (n = 200). The majority of the C. jejuni (63%) and C. coli (86.5%) samples were susceptible to all antimicrobials. Fluoroquinolone resistance was detected among both C. jejuni (14.8%) and C. coli (5.2%), although this only included three sequence types (STs) and one ST, respectively. Multidrug resistance among strains of C. jejuni (0.9%) and C. coli (4.1%) was rare, and fluoroquinolone resistance, when present, was never accompanied by resistance to any other agent. Comparative genome analysis demonstrated that Australian isolates were found dispersed on different branches/clusters within the international collection. The major fluoroquinolone-resistant STs of C. jejuni (ST7323, ST2083, and ST2343) and C. coli (ST860) present in Australian chickens were similar to those of international isolates and have been reported previously in humans and animals overseas. The detection of a subpopulation of Campylobacter isolates exclusively resistant to fluoroquinolone was unexpected since most critically important antimicrobials such as fluoroquinolones are excluded from use in Australian livestock. A number of factors, including the low level of resistance to other antimicrobials, the absence of fluoroquinolone use, the adoption of measures for preventing spread of contagion between flocks, and particularly the genomic identities of isolates, all point to humans, pest species, or wild birds as being the most plausible source of organisms. This study also demonstrates the need for vigilance in the form of surveillance for AMR based on robust sampling to manage AMR risks in the food chain. IMPORTANCE Campylobacter is one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis in humans, with infections frequently resulting from exposure to undercooked poultry products. Although human illness is typically self-limiting, a minority of cases do require antimicrobial therapy. Ensuring that Campylobacter originating from meat chickens does not acquire resistance to fluoroquinolones is therefore a valuable outcome for public health. Australia has never legalized the use of fluoroquinolones in commercial chickens and until now fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter has not been detected in the Australian poultry. This structured survey of meat chickens derived from all major Australian producers describes the unexpected emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli. Genetic characterization suggests that these isolates may have evolved outside the Australian poultry sector and were introduced into poultry by humans, pest species, or wild birds. The findings dramatically underline the critical role of biosecurity in the overall fight against antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Emerging fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance ofCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter coliisolates and their serotypes in Thai children from 1991 to 2000

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (8) ◽  
pp. 1299-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. SERICHANTALERGS ◽  
A. DALSGAARD ◽  
L. BODHIDATTA ◽  
S. KRASAESUB ◽  
C. PITARANGSI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Significant Trend ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Phenotypic Identification ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Microbiological Procedures

SUMMARYThis study investigated fluoroquinolone, macrolide resistances and serotype distributions amongCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter coliisolated from children in Bangkok and rural settings during 1991–2000. Phenotypic identification, serotyping, and susceptibility testing were performed by standard microbiological procedures. The predominant serotypes ofC. jejuniwere Lior 36, 2 and 4 and ofC. coliwere Lior 8, 29 and 55. Resistance to nalidixic acid increased significantly during 1991–2000 and the frequency of isolates resistant to both nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin in Bangkok was significantly greater than in rural settings. In 1996–2000, a significant trend was observed inC. jejuniisolates resistant to ciprofloxacin from Bangkok but not for macrolide resistance from both settings. In summary, fluoroquinolone resistance amongC. jejuniandC. coliisolates became widespread in both Bangkok and rural settings in Thailand in the 1990s while widespread resistance to macrolides was undetected.

scholarly journals Detection of gyrA Mutation Among Clinical Isolates of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated in Egypt by MAMA-PCR

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (09) ◽  
pp. 546-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayar Maged Said ◽  
Hanan El-Mohamady ◽  
Fawkia M. El-Beih ◽  
David M. Rockabrand ◽  
Tharwat F. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gyra Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Gyra Mutation ◽  
Mutation Assay ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Introduction: Campylobacter spp are the major cause of enteritis in humans and more than 90% of reported infections are caused by Campylobacter jejuni. Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin are the antibiotics of choice for treatment.  An increase in the frequency of ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter has been reported globally due to a single base mutation (C-257 to T) in codon 86 of the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) of the gyrA gene altering the amino acid sequence from threonine at position 86 to isoleucine (Thr-86 to Ile).  Methodology: Campylobacter spp (n = 118) were selected from a collection of Egyptian isolates spanning 1998 to 2005.  The presence of C. jejuni gyrA gene was confirmed in each isolate by a PCR assay amplifying 368bp portion of the gyrA gene.  C to T alteration was detected by the mismatch amplification mutation assay MAMA PCR. The MIC of nalidixic acid (NA) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) was determined by E-test. Results: C. jejuni gyrA gene was detected in 100 of the Campylobacter spp studied; the other 18 isolates were found to be Campylobacter coli by lpxA PCR. The mutation was detected in 89 C. jejuni resistant isolates with MIC values (NA; 8 - >256μg/ml) and (CIP; 4 - >32μg/ml). The other 11 sensitive C. jejuni isolates with MIC values (NA; 0.38 - 3μg/ml) and (CIP; 0.03 - 0.125μg/ml) were not amplified by the MAMA primers. There was 100% congruence with MAMA PCR, MIC results and gyrA gene sequence analysis. Conclusions: In Egypt the main mechanism for resistance to fluoroquinolones is an alteration in the gyrA QRDR.  MAMA PCR provides an economical and rapid means for screening fluoroquinolone resistance.

scholarly journals Role of Efflux Pumps and Topoisomerase Mutations in Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 3347-3354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beilei Ge ◽  
Patrick F. McDermott ◽  
David G. White ◽  
Jianghong Meng
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Efflux Pumps ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Insertional Inactivation ◽  
Gyrase A

ABSTRACT Point mutations in the topoisomerase (DNA gyrase A) gene are known to be associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter. Recent studies have shown that an efflux pump encoded by cmeABC is also involved in decreased susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones, as well as other antimicrobials. Genome analysis suggests that Campylobacter jejuni contains at least nine other putative efflux pumps. Using insertional inactivation and site-directed mutagenesis, we investigated the potential contributions of these pumps to susceptibilities to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and tetracycline in C. jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Insertional inactivation of cmeB resulted in 4- to 256-fold decreases in the MICs of chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and tetracycline, with erythromycin being the most significantly affected. In contrast, inactivation of all other putative efflux pumps had no effect on susceptibility to any of the four antimicrobials tested. Mutation of gyrA at codon 86 (Thr-Ile) caused 128- and 64-fold increases in the MICs of ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid, respectively. The replacement of the mutated gyrA with a wild-type gyrA allele resulted in a 32-fold decrease in the ciprofloxacin MIC and no change in the nalidixic acid MIC. Our findings indicate that CmeABC is the only efflux pump among those tested that influences antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter and that a point mutation (Thr-86-Ile) in gyrA directly causes fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter. These two mechanisms work synergistically in acquiring and maintaining fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter species.

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