Mutagenic effects of combinations of chemical carcinogens and environmental pollutants in mice as shown by the micronucleus test

1982 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Watanabe ◽  
Sachiko Honda ◽  
Mikiko Hayashi ◽  
Takeshi Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Chemical Carcinogens ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Genotoxic and mutagenic effects of vigabatrin, a γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase inhibitor, in Wistar rats submitted to rotarod task

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 958-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
VR Coelho ◽  
K Sousa ◽  
TR Pires ◽  
DKM Papke ◽  
CG Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Subchronic Treatment ◽  
Motor Activities ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Vigabatrin (VGB) is an antiepileptic drug thatincreases brain γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels through irreversible inhibition of GABA transaminase. The aim of this study was to evaluate neurotoxicological effects of VGB measuring motor activity and genotoxic and mutagenic effects after a single and repeated administration. Male Wistar rats received saline, VGB 50, 100, or 250 mg/kg by gavage for acute and subchronic (14 days) treatments and evaluated in the rotarod task. Genotoxicity was evaluated using the alkaline version of the comet assay in samples of blood, liver, hippocampus, and brain cortex after both treatments. Mutagenicity was evaluated using the micronucleus test in bone marrow of the same animals that received subchronic treatment. The groups treated with VGB showed similar performance in rotarod compared with the saline group. Regarding the acute treatment, it was observed that only higher VGB doses induced DNA damage in blood and hippocampus. After the subchronic treatment, VGB did not show genotoxic or mutagenic effects. In brief, VGB did not impair motor activities in rats after acute and subchronic treatments. It showed a repairable genotoxic potential in the central nervous system since genotoxicity was observed in the acute treatment group.

scholarly journals Antitumor Organometallics. IV. The Mutagenic Potential of Some Diphenylantimony(III) Dithiophosphorus Derivatives

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Socaciu ◽  
Ioan Pasca ◽  
Cristian Silvestru ◽  
Adela Bara ◽  
Ionel Haiduc
Keyword(s):  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Ascites Tumor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Antitumor Properties ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Derivatives Of

Two diphenylantimony(III) derivatives of dithiophosphorus ligands, i.e. Ph2SbS2PPh2 and Ph2SbS2P(OPr-i)2, which were previously found to exhibit antitumor properties, have been now investigated for potential mutagenic effects in healthy and Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice. Two short-term tests, i.e. the micronucleus test and the cytogenetic analysis, were used as end-points for mutagenicity. The results are consistent with a mutagenic potential for both organoantimony(III) compounds tested, the effect being higher for the phosphorodithioato derivative.

scholarly journals Assessment of the mutagenicity of the technical product of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro -3,4-xylidinen

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-424
Author(s):  
О. В. Егорова ◽  
Наталия Алексеевна Илюшина ◽  
Н. С. Аверьянова ◽  
Г. В. Масальцев ◽  
О. О. Дмитричева
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Technical Product ◽  
Mutagenic Property ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Technical Products

Introduction. Evaluation of genotoxicity of the pesticide technical products is one of the mandatory requirements for their toxicological and hygienic assessment. The data about mutagenic property is ambiguous for some pesticides. This may be due to the use of various active ingredients of technical products of the pesticide for testing, as they may have different profiles of relevant impurities, some of which may be potentially genotoxic. Material and methods. A technical product of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine was tested using the bacterial reverse mutation method with Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test) and the in vivo mammalian micronucleus analysis in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes. Results. Statistically significant dose-dependent mutagenic effects of the technical product of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine were revealed for TA97 (+S9 / -S9); TA100 (+S9 / -S9); TA102 (+S9 / -S9) and TA98 (+S9 / -S9) strains. In all cases, the fold increase of the revertant numbers mediated by the tested substance compared with the concurrent negative control was > 2 except TA98 in the presence of S9. In the micronucleus test, the technical product did not induce a statistically significant increase in the frequency of the micronucleated polychromatophilic erythrocytes in CD-1 mouse bone marrow up to 2000 mg/kg bw. Conclusion. The data suggest all technical products of pesticides entering the market should be tested for the potential genotoxicity. In such a case it is necessary to use at least two methods on different test systems for obtaining reliable results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimutagenic properties of powdered malt and polymalt extracts with the use of micronucleus test

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 669-675
Author(s):  
I. V. Novikova ◽  
G. V. Agafonov ◽  
E. A. Korotkikh ◽  
Vladislav N. Kalaev ◽  
M. S. Nechaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
The Body ◽  
Buccal Epithelium ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Number Of Cells

There were performed studies of the occurrence of cells with pathologies in the buccal epithelium of volunteers who consume drinks based on mixtures ofpowdered malt and polymalt extracts of buckwheat, peas, corn and barley. There was shown their impact on the stability of the genetic material of examined cases. There was established activation of apoptosis, which leads to the elimination of cells with cytogenetic deteriorations. Poliymalt extracts possess protective properties, contribute to the suppression ofprocesses offormation of cells with genetic disorders (micronuclei (from 4.38 ± 0.67 %%, up to 2.53 ± 0.39 %% after intake), protrusions (from 1,98 ± 0,42 %%, up 0,85 ± 0,25 %% after intake), incisures (from 3.34 ± 0.44 %%, up 2.17 ± 0.35 %% after intake), two cores (from 1.63 ± 0.26 %%, up 0.65 ± 0.21 %% after intake) and rid the body of aberrant cells, as evidenced by the increase in the number of cells with karyolysis (up to 5.98 ± 0,91 %%, up 9.55 ± 1.74 %% after intake), karyopyknosis (from 10.71 ± 0.90 %%, up to 11.97 ± 0.85 %% after intake) and perinuclear vacuoles (from 9.24 ± 1.63 %%, up to 12.94 ± 2.57 %% after intake). In women, anti-mutagenic effects ofpolymalt extracts are more pronounced than in men. Antimutagenic effects of extracts can be explained by the properties of contained in them B vitamins and sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine).

Assessment of the mutagenicity of the technical product of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro -3,4-xylidinen

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-424
Author(s):  
O. V. Egorova ◽  
Nataliya A. Ilyushina ◽  
N. S. Averianova ◽  
G. V. Masaltsev ◽  
O. O. Dmitricheva
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Technical Product ◽  
Mutagenic Property ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Technical Products

Introduction. Evaluation of genotoxicity of the pesticide technical products is one of the mandatory requirements for their toxicological and hygienic assessment. The data about mutagenic property is ambiguous for some pesticides. This may be due to the use of various active ingredients of technical products of the pesticide for testing, as they may have different profiles of relevant impurities, some of which may be potentially genotoxic. Material and methods. A technical product of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine was tested using the bacterial reverse mutation method with Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test) and the in vivo mammalian micronucleus analysis in mouse bone marrow erythrocytes. Results. Statistically significant dose-dependent mutagenic effects of the technical product of N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine were revealed for TA97 (+S9 / -S9); TA100 (+S9 / -S9); TA102 (+S9 / -S9) and TA98 (+S9 / -S9) strains. In all cases, the fold increase of the revertant numbers mediated by the tested substance compared with the concurrent negative control was > 2 except TA98 in the presence of S9. In the micronucleus test, the technical product did not induce a statistically significant increase in the frequency of the micronucleated polychromatophilic erythrocytes in CD-1 mouse bone marrow up to 2000 mg/kg bw. Conclusion. The data suggest all technical products of pesticides entering the market should be tested for the potential genotoxicity. In such a case it is necessary to use at least two methods on different test systems for obtaining reliable results.

Genotoxicity Studies of PolyGlycopleX (PGX)

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palma Ann Marone ◽  
Michael Lyon ◽  
Roland Gahler ◽  
Claudia Donath ◽  
Hana Hofman-Hüther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Maximum Tolerable Dose ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Mammalian Erythrocyte ◽  
Intraperitoneal Treatment ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
Mutation Assay ◽  
Tolerable Dose

PolyGlycopleX (PGX), a novel dietary fiber, produces no mutagenic effects in bacterial tester strains Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, and TA 1537 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA at concentrations of 0.316, 1.00, 3.16, 10.0, 31.6, and 100 μg/plate. No biologically relevant increases in revertant colonies of any of the 5 strains are observed at any concentration; however, a reduction at 100 μg/plate in TA 1537 is noted. PGX, analyzed for polychromatic erythrocyte micronuclei induction in mice following a single 1×, 0.5×, and 0.2× maximum tolerable dose intraperitoneal treatment, produces no biologically relevant increase in any dose group. Males at 1× maximum tolerable dose show a reduction of micronuclei-containing cells. High-dose animals show signs of systemic toxicity, including a reduction of spontaneous activity, rough fur, palpebral closure, prone position, and constricted abdomen. These genotoxicity studies show PGX to be nonmutagenic in both the Ames bacterial reverse mutation assay and the mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test.

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