The effect of combined infestation by cereal aphids (Macrosiphum avenae (Fabr.) (Sitobion avenae) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)) and cereal leaf beetles (Oulema melanopus (L.)) on their population development and on yield of winter wheat

Pandora neoaphidis and Entomophthora planchoniana (phylum Entomophthoromycota) are important fungal pathogens on cereal aphids, Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi. Here, we evaluated and compared for the first time the virulence of these two fungi, both produced in S. avenae cadavers, against the two aphid species subjected to the same exposure. Two laboratory bioassays were carried out using a method imitating entomophthoralean transmission in the field. Healthy colonies of the two aphid species were exposed to the same conidial shower of P. neoaphidis or E. planchoniana, in both cases from a cadaver of S. avenae. The experiments were performed under LD 18:6 h at 21 °C and a successful transmission was monitored for a period of nine days after initial exposure. Susceptibility of both S. avenae and R. padi to fungal infection showed a sigmoid trend. The fitted nonlinear model showed that the conspecific host, S. avenae, was more susceptible to E. planchoniana infection than the heterospecific host R. padi, was. In the case of P. neoaphidis, LT50 for S. avenae was 5.0 days compared to 5.9 days for R. padi. For E. planchoniana, the LT50 for S. avenae was 4.9 days, while the measured infection level in R. padi was always below 50 percent. Our results suggest that transmission from conspecific aphid host to heterospecific aphid host can occur in the field, but with expected highest transmission success to the conspecific host.

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Insecticidal activity of Mentha rotundifolia essential oil against Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), cereal aphids in Setif, Algeria

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection ◽

10.1080/03235408.2020.1774117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 (17-18) ◽

pp. 793-805

Author(s):

Amina Leblalta ◽

Daoud Harzallah ◽

Ibrahim Demirtas ◽

Fatih Gül

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Insecticidal Activity ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Sitobion Avenae ◽

Cereal Aphids

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Application of the FAO-recommended method for detecting insecticide resistance in Aphis jabae Scopoli, Sitobion avenae (F.), Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300013845 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. F. Stribley ◽

G. D. MOORES ◽

A. L. DEVONSHIRE ◽

R. M. SAWICKI

Keyword(s):

Insecticide Resistance ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Sitobion Avenae ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Cereal Aphids ◽

Metopolophium Dirhodum ◽

Large Numbers ◽

The Uk ◽

Dip Test

AbstractBaseline toxicity measurements established discriminating concentrations of pirimicarb and demeton-S-methyl guaranteed to kill susceptible examples of Aphis fabae Scop., Sitobion avenae (F.), Metopolophium dirhodum (Wlk.) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) in the dip-test, the FAO-recommended method for detecting resistance in aphids. There was no evidence for resistance to either insecticide in field-collected populations of aphids from various parts of the UK or amongst variants of S. avenae characterised by staining their esterases after electrophoresis. New, simple techniques for rearing large numbers of colonies of cereal aphids are described.

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Transgenic Winter Wheat Expressing the Sucrose Transporter HvSUT1 from Barley does not Affect Aphid Performance

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10110388 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 388 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yang ◽

Kloos ◽

Mora-Ramírez ◽

Romeis ◽

Brunner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Aphid Species ◽

Sucrose Transporter ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Cereal Aphids ◽

Biotic Stresses ◽

Transgenic Lines ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Parental Cultivar

Winter wheat expressing the sucrose transporter HvSUT1 from barley (HOSUT) has an increased yield potential. Genetic engineering should improve cultivars without increasing susceptibility to biotic stresses or causing negative impacts on ecosystem services. We studied the effects of HOSUT wheat on cereal aphids that feed on the sugar-rich phloem sap. Three HOSUT winter wheat lines, their conventional parental cultivar Certo, and three conventional cultivars were used. Clip cage experiments in the greenhouse showed no differences in life-table parameters of Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on transgenic lines compared to Certo, except higher fecundity of S. avenae on one HOSUT line. Population development of both aphid species over three weeks on caged flowering tillers did not reveal differences between the HOSUT lines and Certo. When aphids were monitored in a Swiss field study over two years, no differences between HOSUT lines and Certo were observed. We conclude that HOSUT wheat did not have consistent effects on aphids compared to the parental cultivar and measured parameters were generally in the range observed for the conventional winter wheat cultivars. Thus, HOSUT wheat is unlikely to suffer from increased aphid damage.

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Management of cereal aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations and their natural enemies in winter wheat by alternate strip spraying with a selective insecticide

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300012190 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 677-682 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nick Carter

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Natural Enemy ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Population Development ◽

Cereal Aphid ◽

Metopolophium Dirhodum ◽

Peak Density ◽

Selective Insecticide ◽

Similar Peak

AbstractThe effect on aphid population development of creating natural enemy refuges by spraying only alternate strips of winter wheat with the aphid-specific insecticide pirimicarb at 140 g a.i./ha was compared with those in an unsprayed and a completely sprayed block in south-eastern England. The numbers of Sitobion avenae (F.), Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) increased rapidly in the unsprayed block and in the unsprayed strips to reach similar peak densities in early August. Natural enemy activity was similar in these two areas, indicating negligible movement of predators and parasitoids from the sprayed strips to the unsprayed strips. Instead, aphids re-colonized the sprayed strips more quickly than the sprayed block, and the peak density in the former was similar to those in the unsprayed areas.

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Development of Autumn Populations of Cereal Aphids., Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and Their Effects on Winter Wheat in Washington State

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/78.3.676 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 78 (3) ◽

pp. 676-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

K. S. Pike ◽

R. L. Schaffner

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Washington State ◽

Schizaphis Graminum ◽

Cereal Aphids

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CONTROL OF THE ENGLISH GRAIN APHID [SITOBION AVENAE (F.)] (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND THE OAT-BIRDCHERRY APHID [RHOPALOSIPHUM PADI (L.)] (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) ON WINTER CEREALS

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent1291079-6 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 129 (6) ◽

pp. 1079-1091 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

K.A. Neil ◽

S.O. Gaul ◽

K.B. McRae

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Total Yield ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Coccinella Septempunctata ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Sitobion Avenae ◽

Seasonal Abundance ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Aphid Control

AbstractSeasonal abundance of Sitobion avenae (F.) and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) was monitored in Nova Scotia winter wheat plots. Rhopalosiphum padi was the more common aphid species during "heading out." Winter wheat cultivars differed in their resistance to R. padi development; the highest reproductive rate was on ’Absolvent.’ The effect of chemicals used in intensive cereal management on R. padi and Coccinella septempunctata (L.) was assessed. Dimethoate and carbaryl caused similar high mortality to both insects, but pirimicarb was more toxic to the aphid than to its predator. Over a 2-year period, field plots that received regular pirimicarb treatments for selective aphid control early in the growing season showed a 9% increase in wheat yield, compared with the checks and plots that received carbaryl. Wheat yield increased 18% when pirimicarb was used later in the season; when applied in both periods, pirimicarb gave a total yield increase of nearly 30%. Late applications of carbaryl alone, or in combination with pirimicarb, increased yields by only 9% over the controls. Half of the yield increase (18% vs. 9%) with late season control by pirimicarb was lost with the addition of carbaryl, which minimized the C. septempunctata population for nonselective insect control. Rhopalosiphum padi numbers from June 20 to July 15 had the greatest impact on yield in these plots, and natural control agents including C. septempunctata accounted for a 9% increase in yield.

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