Glucose metabolic correlates of continuous performance test performance in adults with a history of infantile autism, schizophrenics, and controls

AbstractThis study assesses attention and response control through visual and auditory stimuli in a primary care pediatric sample. The sample consisted of 191 participants aged between 7 and 13 years old. It was divided into 2 groups: (a) 90 children with ADHD, according to diagnostic (DSM-IV-TR) (APA, 2002) and clinical (ADHD Rating Scale-IV) (DuPaul, Power, Anastopoulos, & Reid, 1998) criteria, and (b) 101 children without a history of ADHD. The aims were: (a) to determine and compare the performance of both groups in attention and response control, (b) to identify attention and response control deficits in the ADHD group. Assessments were carried out using the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA/CPT, Sandford & Turner, 2002). Results showed that the ADHD group had visual and auditory attention deficits, F(3, 170) = 14.38; p < .01, deficits in fine motor regulation (Welch´s t-test = 44.768; p < .001) and sensory/motor activity (Welch’st-test = 95.683, p < .001; Welch’s t-test = 79.537, p < .001). Both groups exhibited a similar performance in response control, F(3, 170) = .93, p = .43.Children with ADHD showed inattention, mental processing speed deficits, and loss of concentration with visual stimuli. Both groups yielded a better performance in attention with auditory stimuli.

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Continuous performance test differences among schizophrenic out-patients living in high and low expressed emotion environments

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291799002718 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 1141-1153 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. J. DIXON ◽

S. KING ◽

E. STIP ◽

H. CORMIER

Keyword(s):

Normal Control ◽

Skin Conductance ◽

Test Performance ◽

Expressed Emotion ◽

Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Vigilance Task ◽

Optimal Performance ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

Patient Groups

Background. High expressed emotion (EE) in families reliably predicts relapse in schizophrenia leading to the assumption that high EE stresses patients and is the cause of relapse. Attempts at validating the stressful properties of high EE using autonomic skin conductance measures have been inconclusive. Since memory loaded vigilance tasks are sensitive to stress, we used a memory loaded version of the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) to see if test performance would change in the presence and absence of high or low EE relatives. If high EE was stressful, performance should decline in their presence of high EE relatives. If low EE was protective against stress performance should improve in the presence of low EE relatives.Methods. The CPT was administered to 41 schizophrenic and 51 normal control participants. CPT testing was conducted in the absence, then presence, then absence of high or low EE relatives.Results. Control participants had significantly greater CPT scores than schizophrenic participants; there was no effect of the relative's presence or absence on CPT performance for either the high or low EE group. Schizophrenic participants from high EE homes demonstrated significantly better, rather than worse, CPT scores than those in low EE homes.Conclusions. These findings fail to support the notion of high EE as stressor, but show that high EE and low EE patient groups perform a vigilance task significantly differently. We propose that patients from low EE groups may be underaroused relative to their high EE counterparts and that this underarousal leads to less than optimal performance on the CPT.

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Effects of Interaction BetweenDRD4Methylation and Prenatal Maternal Stress on Methylphenidate-Induced Changes in Continuous Performance Test Performance in Youth with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1089/cap.2018.0054 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 562-570

Author(s):

Johanna Inhyang Kim ◽

Jae-Won Kim ◽

Inkyung Shin ◽

Bung-Nyun Kim

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Test Performance ◽

Performance Test ◽

Maternal Stress ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Induced Changes

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Clinical and neuropsychological aspects of non-fatal self-harm in schizophrenia

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2012.08.003 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 344-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

G. Pluck ◽

N.P. Lekka ◽

S. Sarkar ◽

K.H. Lee ◽

P.A. Bath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Performance Test ◽

Clinical Intervention ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

Trait Impulsivity ◽

History Of ◽

Self Harm ◽

Polysubstance Abuse

AbstractPurpose:To investigate demographic, clinical and neuropsychological aspects of self-harm in schizophrenia and identify which are independently predictive of and therefore the most relevant to clinical intervention.Subjects and methods:Eighty-seven patients with schizophrenia were interviewed regarding substance misuse, depression, hopelessness, negative/positive symptoms and illness insight. Neuropsychological assessment included premorbid IQ, continuous performance test, cognitive-motor and trait impulsivity. A prospective three-month review of medical records was also undertaken.Results:Fifty-nine patients (68%) reported past self-harm (including attempted suicide). Those with past self-harm, compared to those without, were significantly more likely to report depression, hopelessness, impulsivity, a family history of self-harm, polysubstance abuse and had higher premorbid IQ. Logistic regression revealed that depression, higher premorbid IQ and polysubstance abuse were independently linked to self-harm. Five participants attempted self-harm during the 3-month prospective follow-up period. These all had a history of past self-harm and were significantly more likely to have been depressed at the initial interview than those who did not go on to self-harm.Discussion and conclusions:Independent predictors of self-harm in schizophrenia are premorbid IQ and polysubstance abuse. In addition, depression was both independently associated with past self-harm and predictive of self-harm in the follow-up period.

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ADHD History of the Concept: the Case of the Continuous Performance Test

Current Developmental Disorders Reports ◽

10.1007/s40474-014-0035-1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 10-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Björn Albrecht ◽

Henrik Uebel-von Sandersleben ◽

Katharina Wiedmann ◽

Aribert Rothenberger

Keyword(s):

Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

History Of

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Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) bei Kindern mit hyperkinetischem Syndrom - eine experimentelle Untersuchung mittels des Continuous Performance Test (CPT)

Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie ◽

10.1024//1422-4917.28.4.239 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 239-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

K. Hennighausen ◽

G. Schulte-Körne ◽

A. Warnke ◽

H. Remschmidt

Keyword(s):

Contingent Negative Variation ◽

Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

Experimentelle Untersuchung

Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Gibt es neurophysiologische Korrelate der Aufmerksamkeitsstörung beim hyperkinetischen Syndrom (HKS) und welche Bedeutung haben diese für die Ätiologie der Störung. Methodik: Selektive Aufmerksamkeitsprozesse wurden anhand des zweistufigen Continuous Performance Test (CPT) bei 18 Jungen mit hyperkinetischem Syndrom (HKS) untersucht und mit einer nach dem Alter parallelisierten Kontrollgruppe von 21 Jungen verglichen. Die Altersspanne der Stichprobe betrug 6 bis 12 Jahre. Parallel dazu wurden ereigniskorrelierte Potentiale (EKP) während des Tests an den Elektrodenpositionen Fz, Cz, Pz und Oz mit Referenz zu verbundenen Ohren abgeleitet. Ergebnisse: Im EKP nach dem präparatorischen Stimulus konnten zwei Komponenten der Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) mit unterschiedlicher topographischer Verteilung identifiziert werden (CNV-1: 600 bis 1100 ms und CNV-2: 1000 bis 1500 ms nach Stimulus). Die Stichproben unterschieden sich nicht auf der Verhaltensebene (Fehlerrate und Reaktionszeit). Signifikante Gruppenunterschiede ergaben sich hinsichtlich der Topographie der beiden CNV-Komponenten. Kinder mit HKS zeigten im Vergleich zu Kontrollkindern eine signifikant niedrigere CNV-1 über der frontalen und eine Tendenz zu stärkerer Negativierung (CNV-1 und CNV-2) über der occipitalen Elektrode. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die Hypothese einer Unterfunktion frontaler inhibitorischer Prozesse bei Kindern mit HKS.

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Comparing the Mathematics Continuous Performance Test With Other Measures of Tests of Attention

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000261 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 291-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dubi Lufi ◽

Shachar Pan

Keyword(s):

Performance Test ◽

Continuous Performance Test ◽

Clinical Population ◽

Control Group ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

Adhd Assessment ◽

Research Reporting ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Continuous Performance Tests ◽

Better Than

Abstract. Several studies have shown that Continuous Performance Tests (CPT) can diagnose Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) better than other tests. Research reporting comparisons of two or more CPT-type tests is scarce. The purpose of the study was to compare the Mathematics Continuous Performance Test (MATH-CPT) with another CPT-type test (CPT II) and a questionnaire (the Brown Scale). The comparison was carried out by looking at correlations among subscales and checking the precision of detecting ADHD. Ninety-five high school and college students participated in the study, 41 with ADHD were the research group and 54 were the control group. The participants performed the two tests and answered the questionnaire. The results showed that the MATH-CPT correctly identified 74.50% of the participants of both groups as compared to the 71.60% of the CPT II. Correlations between the two CPT-type tests were moderate; however, they were similar to correlations found in other studies comparing similar tools. The MATH-CPT, final attention formula, showed significant correlations with the Brown scales, while the CPT II, confidence index associated with ADHD assessment, showed nonsignificant correlations with the questionnaire. The study indicated that MATH-CPT can be used with a clinical population of ADHD and for research purposes.

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