Next day effects after nighttime treatment with zolpidem: a review

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. 21s-30s ◽  
Author(s):  
M Undén ◽  
B Roth Schechter
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Sedative Hypnotics ◽  
Repeated Dosing

SummaryThe purpose of this review was to analyze the literature for potential next-day residual effects of zolpidem, a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic, following nighttime administration. Based on more than 30 international clinical trials involving more than 2,600 subjects/patients, it can be concluded that at the recommended doses of zolpidem 10 mg for adults and zolpidem 5 mg for the elderly, at single or repeated dosing, in healthy subjects or insomniac patients, zolpidem appears to induce minimal next-day residual effects. As for all sedative hypnotics, zolpidem is indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia and is recommended to be taken only when the patient is able to get a full night's sleep before resuming usual activities.

scholarly journals Rapamycin rejuvenates oral health in aging mice

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Y An ◽  
Kristopher A Kerns ◽  
Andrew Ouellette ◽  
Laura Robinson ◽  
H Douglas Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Inflammation

Periodontal disease is an age-associated disorder clinically defined by periodontal bone loss, inflammation of the specialized tissues that surround and support the tooth, and microbiome dysbiosis. Currently, there is no therapy for reversing periodontal disease, and treatment is generally restricted to preventive measures or tooth extraction. The FDA-approved drug rapamycin slows aging and extends lifespan in multiple organisms, including mice. Here, we demonstrate that short-term treatment with rapamycin rejuvenates the aged oral cavity of elderly mice, including regeneration of periodontal bone, attenuation of gingival and periodontal bone inflammation, and revertive shift of the oral microbiome toward a more youthful composition. This provides a geroscience strategy to potentially rejuvenate oral health and reverse periodontal disease in the elderly.

scholarly journals Short-term enhancement of motor neuron synaptic exocytosis during early aging extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 (17) ◽  
pp. 1552-1559
Author(s):  
Tsui-Ting Ching ◽  
Yen-Chieh Chen ◽  
Guang Li ◽  
Jianfeng Liu ◽  
X Z Shawn Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Synaptic Exocytosis

Age-related mobility decline is often associated with negative physical and psychological outcomes, such as frailty, in the elderly population. In C. elegans, during the early stage of the aging process, a progressive deficit of synaptic exocytosis in the motor neurons results in a functional decline at the neuromuscular junctions, which eventually leads to degeneration of both neurons and muscles. This age-dependent functional decline can be ameliorated by pharmacological interventions, such as arecoline, a muscarinic AChR agonist known to promote synaptic exocytosis at the neuromuscular junctions. In this study, we found that a short-term treatment of arecoline during the early stage of aging, when the NMJ functional decline begins, not only slows muscle tissue aging, but also extends lifespan in C. elegans. We have also demonstrated that arecoline acts on the GAR-2/PLCβ pathway in the motor neurons to increases longevity. Together, our findings suggest that synaptic transmission in aging motor neurons may serve as a potential target for pharmacological interventions to promote both health span and lifespan, when applied at the early stage aging. Impact statement The functional decline of motor activity is a common feature in almost all aging animals that leads to frailty, loss of independence, injury, and even death in the elderly population. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism that drives the initial stage of this functional decline and developing strategies to increase human healthspan and even lifespan by targeting this process would be of great interests to the field. In this study, we found that by precisely targeting the motor neurons to potentiate its synaptic releases either genetically or pharmacologically, we can not only delay the functional aging at NMJs but also slow the rate of aging at the organismal level. Most importantly, we have demonstrated that a critical window of time, that is the early stage of NMJs functional decline, is required for the beneficial effects. A short-term treatment within this time period is sufficient to extend the animals’ lifespan.

scholarly journals Impact of short-term treatment with benzodiazepines and imidazopyridines on glucose metabolism in healthy subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gramaglia ◽  
V. Ramella Gigliardi ◽  
I. Olivetti ◽  
M. Tomelini ◽  
S. Belcastro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment

scholarly journals Regulation of Diurnal Variation of Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) Activity in Healthy Subjects

2010 ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kovář ◽  
M Leníček ◽  
M Zimolová ◽  
L Vítek ◽  
M Jirsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bile Acid Synthesis ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the key regulatory enzyme of bile acid synthesis, displays a pronounced diurnal variation. To better understand the regulation of CYP7A1 activity, three daylong examinations were carried out in 12 healthy men. The concentrations of 7α-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one (C4), a surrogate marker of CYP7A1 activity, bile acids (BA), insulin, glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, triglycerides, and cholesterol were measured in serum in 90-min intervals from 7 AM till 10 PM. To lower and to increase BA concentration during the study, the subjects received cholestyramine and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), respectively, in two examinations. No drug was used in the control examination. There was a pronounced diurnal variation of C4 concentration with a peak around 1 PM in most of the subjects. The area under the curve (AUC) of C4 concentration was five times higher and three times lower when subjects were treated with cholestyramine and CDCA, respectively. No relationship was found between AUC of C4 and AUC of BA concentration, but AUC of C4 correlated positively with that of insulin. Moreover, short-term treatment with cholestyramine resulted in about 10 % suppression of glycemia throughout the day. Our results suggest that insulin is involved in the regulation of diurnal variation of CYP7A1 activity in humans.

scholarly journals Short-term treatments for acute cardiac care: inotropes and inodilators

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_D) ◽  
pp. D3-D11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Guarracino ◽  
Endre Zima ◽  
Piero Pollesello ◽  
Josep Masip
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Rehospitalization Rate ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology ◽  
Calcium Sensitizer

Abstract Acute heart failure (AHF) continues to be a substantial cause of illness and death, with in-hospital and 3-month mortality rates of 5% and 10%, respectively, and 6-month re-admission rates in excess of 50% in a range of clinical trials and registry studies; the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Heart Failure Long-Term Registry recorded a 1-year death or rehospitalization rate of 36%. As regards the short-term treatment of AHF patients, evidence was collected in the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry that intravenous (i.v.) treatments are administered heterogeneously in the critical phase, with limited reference to guideline recommendations. Moreover, recent decades have been characterized by a prolonged lack of successful innovation in this field, with a plethora of clinical trials generating neutral or inconclusive findings on long-term mortality effects from a multiplicity of short-term interventions in AHF. One of the few exceptions has been the calcium sensitizer and inodilator levosimendan, introduced 20 years ago for the treatment of acutely decompensated chronic heart failure. In the present review, we will focus on the utility of this agent in the wider context of i.v. inotropic and inodilating therapies for AHF and related pathologies.

Effects of Intravenous Indoprofen on Bleeding Time and other Haemostatic Parameters

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
M Rubegni ◽  
G Sacchetti ◽  
G Bruni ◽  
G De Mauro ◽  
C Bandinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment

The influence of i.v. administration of indoprofen on template bleeding time and other haemostatic parameters was investigated in ten elderly subjects with osteoarthritis. The drug was given first as a single dose (400 mg bolus) and then, after an appropriate interval, as a short-term treatment (200 mg bolus t.i.d. for 7 days). Platelet count, prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were never affected, whereas a significant, though moderate, lengthening of bleeding time and a parallel reduction of platelet aggregation were observed in both trials. In the acute one these changes were seen at the first hour following administration and waned in all patients within 96 hours. In the subacute test the bleeding time was steadily prolonged throughout the week of treatment, being slightly still above the baseline value 7 days later, at which time no residual effects were noticeable in platelet aggregation.

scholarly journals Rapamycin rejuvenates oral health in aging mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Y. An ◽  
Kristopher A. Kerns ◽  
Andrew Ouellette ◽  
Laura Robinson ◽  
Doug Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Inflammation

AbstractPeriodontal disease is an age-associated disorder clinically defined by periodontal bone loss, inflammation of the specialized tissues that surround and support the tooth, and microbiome dysbiosis. Currently, there is no therapy for reversing periodontal disease, and treatment is generally restricted to preventive measures or tooth extraction. The FDA-approved drug rapamycin slows aging and extends lifespan in multiple organisms, including mice. Here we demonstrate that short-term treatment with rapamycin rejuvenates the aged oral cavity of elderly mice, including regeneration of periodontal bone, attenuation of gingival and periodontal bone inflammation, and revertive shift of the oral microbiome toward a more youthful composition. This provides a geroscience strategy to potentially rejuvenate oral health and reverse periodontal disease in the elderly.Single Sentence SummaryShort-term treatment with rapamycin reverses periodontal bone loss, attenuates inflammation, and remodels the oral microbiome toward a more youthful state.

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