Short-term treatments for acute cardiac care: inotropes and inodilators

Abstract Acute heart failure (AHF) continues to be a substantial cause of illness and death, with in-hospital and 3-month mortality rates of 5% and 10%, respectively, and 6-month re-admission rates in excess of 50% in a range of clinical trials and registry studies; the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Heart Failure Long-Term Registry recorded a 1-year death or rehospitalization rate of 36%. As regards the short-term treatment of AHF patients, evidence was collected in the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry that intravenous (i.v.) treatments are administered heterogeneously in the critical phase, with limited reference to guideline recommendations. Moreover, recent decades have been characterized by a prolonged lack of successful innovation in this field, with a plethora of clinical trials generating neutral or inconclusive findings on long-term mortality effects from a multiplicity of short-term interventions in AHF. One of the few exceptions has been the calcium sensitizer and inodilator levosimendan, introduced 20 years ago for the treatment of acutely decompensated chronic heart failure. In the present review, we will focus on the utility of this agent in the wider context of i.v. inotropic and inodilating therapies for AHF and related pathologies.

Download Full-text

A medium-scale volume dielectric barrier discharge system for short-term treatment of cereal seeds indicates improved germination performance with long-term effects

Journal of Applied Physics ◽

10.1063/5.0033369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 129 (4) ◽

pp. 044904

Author(s):

H. Brust ◽

T. M. C. Nishime ◽

N. Wannicke ◽

T. S. M. Mui ◽

S. Horn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Barrier Discharge ◽

Barrier Discharge ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Discharge System ◽

Dielectric Barrier ◽

Medium Scale

Download Full-text

Fluvoxamine in the Treatment of Trichotillomania: An 8-Week, Open-Label Study

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900006520 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 64-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gary A. Christenson ◽

Scott J. Crow ◽

James E. Mitchell ◽

Thomas B. Mackenzie ◽

Ross D. Crosby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Response ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Hair Pulling ◽

Short Term ◽

Open Label ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Open Label Study ◽

Label Study ◽

Long Term Treatment

AbstractThis short-term, open-label study investigates short- and long-term effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluvoxamine for the treatment of trichotillomania (TTM). Additionally, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that the presence of hair pulling compulsiveness is predictive of SSRI response. Nineteen subjects meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition Revised, (DSM-III-R) criteria for TTM were treated with fluvoxamine at doses up to 300 mg/day. Random regression analysis of change across time for patients who completed the study (n=14) and those who dropped out (n=5) revealed statistically significant improvements in Physician Rating Scale, hair-pulling episodes, Trichotillomania Impairment Scale, and Trichotillomania Symptom Severity Scale, but not in estimated amount of hair pulled. In addition, the percentage of patients' focused or compulsive hair-pulling symptoms was predictive of treatment response. Unfortunately, all three subjects who entered long-term treatment displayed substantial movement back toward baseline by the end of 6 months. We concluded that fluvoxamine produces moderate reductions in symptoms during the short-term treatment of TTM and that the presence of focused or compulsive hair pulling may be predictive of treatment response. However, responses may be short lived when treatment is extended.

Download Full-text

Differential response of non-transferrin bound iron uptake in rat liver cells on long-term and short-term treatment with iron

Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.1016/s0168-8278(99)80164-0 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Barbara Scheiber-Mojdehkar ◽

Inge Zimmermann ◽

Bernd Dresow ◽

Hans Goldenberg

Keyword(s):

Rat Liver ◽

Iron Uptake ◽

Differential Response ◽

Liver Cells ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Rat Liver Cells

Download Full-text

The absence of clastogenic effect during long-term and short-term treatment with metronidazole

Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects ◽

10.1016/0165-1161(81)90085-6 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 237-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

B. Hartley-Asp ◽

F. Mitelman ◽

B. Ursing

Keyword(s):

Term Treatment ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Clastogenic Effect

Download Full-text

Mitochondrial and Oxidative Impacts of Short and Long-term Administration of HAART on HIV Patients

Current Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1574884714666190905162237 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 110-124

Author(s):

Joy E. Ikekpeazu ◽

Oliver C. Orji ◽

Ikenna K. Uchendu ◽

Lawrence U.S. Ezeanyika

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Long Term Treatment ◽

Term Administration ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

One Year

Background and Objective: There may be a possible link between the use of HAART and oxidative stress-related mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV patients. We evaluated the mitochondrial and oxidative impacts of short and long-term administration of HAART on HIV patients attending the Enugu State University Teaching (ESUT) Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria following short and long-term therapy. Methods: 96 patients categorized into four groups of 24 individuals were recruited for the study. Group 1 comprised of age-matched, apparently healthy, sero-negative individuals (the No HIV group); group 2 consisted of HIV sero-positive individuals who had not started any form of treatment (the Treatment naïve group). Individuals in group 3 were known HIV patients on HAART for less than one year (Short-term treatment group), while group 4 comprised of HIV patients on HAART for more than one year (Long-term treatment group). All patients were aged between 18 to 60 years and attended the HIV clinic at the time of the study. Determination of total antioxidant status (TAS in nmol/l), malondialdehyde (MDA in mmol/l), CD4+ count in cells/μl, and genomic studies were all done using standard operative procedures. Results: We found that the long-term treatment group had significantly raised the levels of MDA, as well as significantly diminished TAS compared to the Short-term treatment and No HIV groups (P<0.05). In addition, there was significantly elevated variation in the copy number of mitochondrial genes (mtDNA: D-loop, ATPase 8, TRNALEU uur) in the long-term treatment group. Interpretation and Conclusion: Long-term treatment with HAART increases oxidative stress and causes mitochondrial alterations in HIV patients.

Download Full-text

Long-term recurrence of venous thromboembolism after short-term treatment of symptomatic isolated distal deep vein thrombosis: A cohort study

Vascular Medicine ◽

10.1177/1358863x17720531 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 518-524 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Marco P Donadini ◽

Francesco Dentali ◽

Samuela Pegoraro ◽

Fulvio Pomero ◽

Chiara Brignone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Recurrent Vte ◽

Deep Vein

Isolated distal deep vein thrombosis (IDDVT) is a common clinical manifestation of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, there are only scant and heterogeneous data available on the long-term risk of recurrent VTE after IDDVT, and the optimal therapeutic management remains uncertain. We carried out a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients diagnosed with symptomatic IDDVT between 2004 and 2011, according to a predefined short-term treatment protocol (low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for 4–6 weeks). The primary outcome was the occurrence of recurrent VTE. A total of 321 patients were enrolled. IDDVT was associated with a transient risk factor or cancer in 165 (51.4%) and 56 (17.4%) patients, respectively. LMWH was administered for 4–6 weeks to 280 patients (87.2%), who were included in the primary analysis. Overall, during a mean follow-up of 42.3 months, 42 patients (15%) developed recurrent VTE, which occurred as proximal DVT or PE in 21 cases. The recurrence rate of VTE per 100 patient-years was 3.5 in patients with transient risk factors, 7.2 in patients with unprovoked IDDVT, and 5.9 in patients with cancer ( p=0.018). At multivariable analysis, unprovoked IDDVT and previous VTE were significantly associated with recurrent VTE (HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.12–4.16 and HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.01–3.86, respectively). In conclusion, the long-term risk of recurrent VTE after IDDVT treated for 4–6 weeks is not negligible, in particular in patients with unprovoked IDDVT or cancer. Further studies are needed to clarify whether a longer, but definite treatment duration effectively prevents these recurrences.

Download Full-text