Gene transfer in the mammalian intestinal tract

ABSTRACTAn experiment was conducted in animal facilities to compare the impacts of four avian colibacillosis treatments—oxytetracycline (OTC), trimethoprim-sulfadimethoxine (SXT), amoxicillin (AMX), or enrofloxacin (ENR)—on the susceptibility ofEscherichia coliin broiler intestinal tracts. Birds were first orally inoculated with rifampin-resistantE. colistrains bearing plasmid genes conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones (qnr), cephalosporins (blaCTX-MorblaFOX), trimethoprim-sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, or tetracyclines. Feces samples were collected before, during, and after antimicrobial treatments. The susceptibilities ofE. colistrains were studied, and resistance gene transfer was analyzed. An increase in the tetracycline-resistantE. colipopulation was observed only in OTC-treated birds, whereas multiresistantE. coliwas detected in the dominantE. colipopulations of SXT-, AMX-, or ENR-treated birds. Most multiresistantE. colistrains were susceptible to rifampin and exhibited various pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, suggesting the transfer of one of the multiresistance plasmids from the inoculated strains to otherE. colistrains in the intestinal tract. In conclusion, this study clearly illustrates how, inE. coli, “old” antimicrobials may coselect antimicrobial resistance to recent and critical molecules.

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blaNDM-1-positive Citrobacter sedlakii: emergence after horizontal gene transfer from Klebsiella pneumoniae in the human intestinal tract

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents ◽

10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.02.012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 411-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laurent Cavalié ◽

Benoit Mantion ◽

Olivier Fayet ◽

Marie-Françoise Prère

Keyword(s):

Gene Transfer ◽

Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Intestinal Tract ◽

Human Intestinal Tract

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Gene Transfer to the Intestinal Tract: A New Approach Using Selective Injection of the Superior Mesenteric Artery

Human Gene Therapy ◽

10.1089/hum.1997.8.6-681 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 681-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Thomas J. Sferra ◽

David McNeely ◽

Philip R. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Gene Transfer ◽

Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽

Mesenteric Artery ◽

Intestinal Tract ◽

New Approach

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Electron Microscopic Detection and Characterization of Nonhuman Primate Enteric Viruses

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100054145 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 306-307

Author(s):

G. C. Smith ◽

R. L. Heberling ◽

S. S. Kalter

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Animal Model ◽

Nonhuman Primate ◽

Clinical Condition ◽

Intestinal Tract ◽

Enteric Viruses ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Microscopic Detection

A number of viral agents are recognized as and suspected of causing the clinical condition “gastroenteritis.” In our attempts to establish an animal model for studies of this entity, we have been examining the nonhuman primate to ascertain what viruses may be found in the intestinal tract of “normal” animals as well as animals with diarrhea. Several virus types including coronavirus, adenovirus, herpesvirus, and picornavirus (Table I) were detected in our colony; however, rotavirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus have not yet been observed. Fecal specimens were prepared for electron microscopy by procedures reported previously.

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Activation of isolated heterophils from chicks stimulated in vivo with salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100166269 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 760-761

Author(s):

R. B. Moyes ◽

R. E. Droleskey ◽

M. H. Kogut ◽

J. R. DeLoach

Keyword(s):

Lamina Propria ◽

Intestinal Mucosa ◽

Salmonella Enteritidis ◽

Intestinal Tract ◽

Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽

Subclinical Infection ◽

Egg Products ◽

Immune Lymphokines ◽

Organ Invasion

Salmonella enteritidis (SE) is of great concern to the poultry industry due to the organism's ability to penetrate the intestinal mucosa of the laying hen and subsequently colonize the ovaries and yolk membrane. The resultant subclinical infection can lead to SE infection of raw eggs and egg products. Interference with the ability of the organism to invade has been linked to the activation and recruitment of inflammatory polymorphonuclear cells, heterophils, to the lamina propria of the intestinal tract.Recently it has been established that heterophil activation and increased resistance to SE organ invasion can be accomplished by the administration of SE-immune lymphokines (SE-ILK) obtained from supernatants of concanavalin-A stimulated SE immune T lymphocytes from SE hyperimmunized hens. Invasion of SE into the lamina propria provides a secondary signal for directing activated heterophils to the site of SE invasion.

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