Activation of isolated heterophils from chicks stimulated in vivo with salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 760-761
Author(s):  
R. B. Moyes ◽  
R. E. Droleskey ◽  
M. H. Kogut ◽  
J. R. DeLoach
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Subclinical Infection ◽  
Egg Products ◽  
Immune Lymphokines ◽  
Organ Invasion

Salmonella enteritidis (SE) is of great concern to the poultry industry due to the organism's ability to penetrate the intestinal mucosa of the laying hen and subsequently colonize the ovaries and yolk membrane. The resultant subclinical infection can lead to SE infection of raw eggs and egg products. Interference with the ability of the organism to invade has been linked to the activation and recruitment of inflammatory polymorphonuclear cells, heterophils, to the lamina propria of the intestinal tract.Recently it has been established that heterophil activation and increased resistance to SE organ invasion can be accomplished by the administration of SE-immune lymphokines (SE-ILK) obtained from supernatants of concanavalin-A stimulated SE immune T lymphocytes from SE hyperimmunized hens. Invasion of SE into the lamina propria provides a secondary signal for directing activated heterophils to the site of SE invasion.

scholarly journals Sweet buttermilk intake reduces colonisation and translocation ofListeria monocytogenesin rats by inhibiting mucosal pathogen adherence

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2026-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Corinne Sprong ◽  
Marco F. E. Hulstein ◽  
Tim T. Lambers ◽  
Roelof van der Meer
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Dietary Adaptation ◽  
Buttermilk Powder

The bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) contains several antimicrobial components with proven efficacyin vitro, butin vivoevidence is scarce. The present study was performed to determine the efficacy of the bovine MFGMin vivo.Rats were fed diets based on bovine skimmed milk powder (low in MFGM) or bovine sweet buttermilk powder (high in MFGM). After dietary adaptation, rats were orally infected withSalmonella enteritidisorListeria monocytogenes.Whereas sweet buttermilk powder did not protect rats against infection withS. enteritidis, it protected againstL. monocytogenes, as shown by a lower colonisation and translocation of this pathogen. Protection coincided with higher listericidal capacity of gastric and caecal contents. The digestion products of phosphoglycerides and sphingomyelin are bactericidalin vitro.To study their role, rats were fed diets containing either 0·1 % phosphatidylcholine or sphingomyelin, or a control diet. After dietary adaptation, rats were infected withL. monocytogenes.SinceListeriacolonisation was not affected by these diets, phosphoglycerides and sphingomyelin are not involved in the protective effect of sweet buttermilk. Additionalin vitroexperiments were performed to further explore the mechanism of the beneficial effects of sweet buttermilk. Inhibition of the adherence ofL. monocytogenesto the intestinal mucosa is the most likely explanation, since sweet buttermilk powder inhibited the binding ofL. monocytogenesin both a haemagglutination assay and a Caco-2 cell adherence assay. In conclusion, sweet buttermilk powder, which is rich in MFGM, protects againstL. monocytogenesinfection in rats, probably by preventing adherence of this pathogen to the intestinal mucosa.

scholarly journals RESISTANCE OF THE MOUSE'S INTESTINAL TRACT TO EXPERIMENTAL SALMONELLA INFECTION

1964 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 817-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie Bohnhoff ◽  
C. Phillip Miller ◽  
William R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Bowel Content ◽  
Lactic Acids ◽  
Preceding Communication ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Determinations of pH, Eh, and concentrations of acetic, butyric and lactic acids were made on the content of cecum and transverse colon of groups of mice killed 1, 3, and 5 days after oral administration of 50 mg streptomycin. Control observations on untreated mice are reported in the preceding communication. Heat-killed supenatants of suspensions of bowel content were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit multiplication of our standard streptomycin-resistant strain of Salmonella enteritidis during aerobic and anaerobic incubation. Also tested in like fashion were series of cultures in broth buffered at various pH levels and containing acetic, butyric, and lactic acids in varying concentrations. In colon content of mice on the 1st day after streptomycin treatment, the pH had risen and the concentrations of the fatty acids fallen, a combination of effects which adequately accounts for its inability to inhibit multiplication of Salmonella in vitro and in vivo. By the 3rd day after streptomycin treatment, pH and fatty acid concentrations had returned to normal levels. The susceptibility of mice to oral challenge on the 3rd day was explained by the finding that lactic acid had accumulated in colon content to levels which, in broth, effectively counteracted the activity of inhibitory concentrations of the fatty acids. Other cocarboxylic acids also antagonized the inhibitory activity of the fatty acids; glucose did not.

Comparison of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Efficacy of Salmonella enteritidis-immune Lymphokines against Salmonella enteritidis Organ Invasion in Neonatal Leghorn Chicks

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. McGruder ◽  
Michael H. Kogut ◽  
Donald E. Corrier ◽  
John R. DeLoach ◽  
Billy M. Hargis
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Immune Lymphokines ◽  
Organ Invasion

Evaluation of Avian-Specific Probiotic and Salmonella Enteritidis-, Salmonella Typhimurium-, and Salmonella Heidelberg-Specific Antibodies on Cecal Colonization and Organ Invasion of Salmonella Enteritidis in Broilers

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. TELLEZ ◽  
V. M. PETRONE ◽  
M. ESCORCIA ◽  
T. Y. MORISHITA ◽  
C. W. COBB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Organ Invasion ◽  
Salmonella Heidelberg

Salmonella Enteritidis colonizes the intestinal tract of poultry and causes foodborne illness in humans. Reduction of Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in the intestinal tract of poultry reduces potential carcass contamination during slaughter. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an avian-specific probiotic combined with Salmonella Enteritidis-, Salmonella Typhimurium-, and Salmonella Heidelberg-specific antibodies on the cecal colonization and organ invasion of Salmonella Enteritidis in broiler as well as on body weights. The treatment group was defined as chicks spray-vaccinated with Avian Pac Plus at the hatchery and given Avian Pac Plus for the first 3 days after placement. An intermediate treatment was given at 10 and 14 days, 2 days prior to vaccination and 2 days postvaccination. All birds were vaccinated with Newcastle disease vaccine, La Sota virus (one drop/eye) at 12 days of age. A final treatment was given 3 days preslaughter. The control group was defined as chicks not given Avian Pac Plus at any time. Six hours after oral administration of the probiotic suspension (treatment group) or water (control group) at placement, the chicks were challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis. All chickens were orally inoculated with 0.25 ml of Salmonella Enteritidis that contained 4 × 107 CFU/1.0 ml. Cecal colonization and organ invasion were evaluated for Salmonella Enteritidis on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38, and 41. The probiotic-treated group had a significantly lower concentration of Salmonella Enteritidis cecal colonization at days 3, 7, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38, and 41 when compared to the nontreated, control group (P < 0.05). Similarly, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the isolation of Salmonella Enteritidis from the internal organs (liver and spleen) when probiotic-treated and nonprobiotic-treated groups were compared. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the mean body weight between the two experimental groups at each collection period. These results indicated that a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus faecium, and Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Heidelberg-Specific antibodies have a beneficial effect in reducing the colonization of Salmonella Enteritidis in market-aged broilers.

In vivo Biologic Effects of Recombinant-Turkey Interferon-Gamma in Neonatal Leghorn Chicks: Protection against Salmonella enteritidis Organ Invasion

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan B. Farnell ◽  
Mohamed El Halawani ◽  
Seungkwon You ◽  
Audrey P. McElroy ◽  
Billy M. Hargis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Biologic Effects ◽  
Organ Invasion

In vivo activation of heterophil function in chickens following injection with Salmonella enteritidis -immune lymphokines

1995 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Kogut ◽  
Edward D. McGruder ◽  
Billy M. Hargis ◽  
Donald E. Corner ◽  
John R. DeLoach
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Immune Lymphokines

scholarly journals In Vivo Digestion of Egg Products Enriched with DHA: Effect of the Food Matrix on DHA Bioavailability

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Carlos Pineda-Vadillo ◽  
Françoise Nau ◽  
Catherine Guérin-Dubiard ◽  
Claire Bourlieu ◽  
Francesco Capozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Egg Products ◽  
Efficient Vector

The aim of the present study was to determine to what extent the food matrix could affect the release of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during digestion and its incorporation into systemic circulation. In this aim, three DHA-enriched egg products having the same composition but different structure were developed: omelet, hard-boiled egg, and mousse. Then, nine pigs fitted with T-shape cannulas at duodenal level and a jugular venous catheter were fed with the DHA-enriched egg products, and duodenal effluents and plasma were collected throughout the postprandial period. Results highlighted an undeniable effect of the food matrix on digestion parameters and DHA bioavailability. The transit of DHA and protein through the duodenum was faster after the ingestion of the mousse than after the ingestion of the omelet and hard-boiled egg. While most of the DHA and protein ingested under the form of mousse had already passed through the duodenum 4.5 h after its ingestion, significantly higher quantities were still present in the case of the omelet and hard-boiled egg. In terms of bioavailability, the omelet was the most efficient vector for delivering DHA into systemic circulation. It supplied 56% and 120% more DHA than the hard-boiled egg and the mousse, respectively.

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