Urban White Recent Marital Fertility Differentials

1977 ◽  
pp. 195-198
Keyword(s):  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Fertility Differentials

Determinants of rural and urban fertility differentials in Nigeria

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orieji Chimere-Dan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Mothers ◽  
Fertility Differentials ◽  
Age Range

SummaryWhatever proximate variables are examined, their differential effects on rural and urban fertility are small. This indicates that no major disturbance has taken place in urban or rural reproductive norms. However, two possible reasons for the converging pattern of rural and urban fertility in Nigeria are identified. One is that urban mothers in the first half of the childbearing age range have higher fertility than their rural counterparts. The other is that breast-feeding and post-partum abstinence, which are the major determinants of marital fertility, exert a more depressing influence on rural than urban fertility.

scholarly journals SES differences in marital fertility widened during the fertility transition—evidence from global micro-level population data

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Dribe ◽  
Francesco Scalone
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Fertility Transition ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Human Fertility ◽  
Fertility Differentials ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Children Ever Born ◽  
Children Under 5

AbstractThe decline in human fertility during the demographic transition is one of the most profound changes to human living conditions. To gain a better understanding of this transition we investigate the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and marital fertility in different fertility regimes in a global and historical perspective. We use data for a large number women in 91 different countries for the period 1703–2018 (N = 116,612,473). In the pre-transitional fertility regime the highest SES group had somewhat lower marital fertility than other groups both in terms of children ever born (CEB) and number of surviving children under 5 (CWR). Over the course of the fertility transition, as measured by the different fertility regimes, these rather small initial SES differentials in marital fertility widened, both for CEB and CWR. There was no indication of a convergence in marital fertility by SES in the later stages of the transition. Our results imply a universally negative association between SES and marital fertility and that the fertility differentials widened during the fertility transition.

Bongaarts' proximate determinants of fertility applied to group data from the Kenya Fertility Survey 1977/78

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kalule-Sabiti
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Fertility Differentials ◽  
Proximate Determinants

SummaryThe effect of the intermediate fertility variables on marital fertility in Kenya is examined using Bongaarts' model on group data from the Kenya Fertility Survey 1977/78. The findings suggest that variations in the proportion married among the population, level of contraceptive use and post-partum lactational infecundability can account for much but not all of the observed marital fertility differentials. Modernization through education and urbanization has had offsetting effects on fertility, by reducing lactation and increasing contraception. However, the proportion using contraception, limited mainly to those with secondary and higher education or metropolitan residence, is too small to have an appreciable impact on the overall level of fertility. The low level of marital fertility observed particularly among the metropolitan, coast and Muslim categories of population may be attributed to the prevalence of venereal diseases and unreported contraception and induced abortion.

Using Census Returns and the Own-Children Method to Measure Marital Fertility in Rawtenstall, 1851-1901

2017 ◽  
pp. 54-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M. (Mac) Boot
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Cotton Textile ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
North East ◽  
Proximate Determinants ◽  
Birth Records ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Town ◽  
Fertility Estimation

The incompleteness of Victorian census returns of marriage and birth records for England and Wales, and the high costs of using civil and church records, have greatly restricted research into the timing and character of the decline in marital fertility in the second half of the 19th century. This article argues that, in spite of these limitations, the census returns provide enough data to allow the well-known the 'Own-children method of fertility estimation', when used within Bongaarts' framework for analysing the proximate determinants of fertility, to derive estimates of total and age-specific marital fertility for women 15 to 49 years of age. It uses data from the census returns for the town of Rawtenstall, a small cotton textile manufacturing town in north-east Lancashire, to generate these estimates and to test their credibility against other well respected measures of marital fertility for England and Wales.

Fertility and Occupation: Mining Districts in Prewar Japan

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-315
Author(s):  
Carl Mosk
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Family Limitation ◽  
Fertility Differentials ◽  
Constrained Choice ◽  
Mining Districts

Many theories of demographic transition stem from attempts to explain fertility differentials across economic and social groups. These differentials typically emerge once a decline in natality commences. Thus it is commonly observed that the fertility of urban populations falls short of that recorded for agricultural districts, that the upper classes tend to precede the working classes in the adaptation of family limitation, and the like. These observations are, in turn, used to justify economic and sociological theories which, by associating both social status and economic costs and benefits with occupation and residence, account for the fertility decline in terms of status and constrained choice.

scholarly journals Parental Consumption Decisions and Child Health During the Early French Fertility Decline, 1790–1914

1993 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Weir
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Child Quality ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Consumption Decisions ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Intrahousehold Distribution ◽  
And Child Health

This article re-examines the secular improvement in human heights in France. Adult heights reflect consumption as children, so the distribution of resources between children and adults, determined primarily within households, should have influenced heights. The intrahousehold distribution of resources was influenced by the level of income and by the calorie demands of working adults. Results show that the early decline of marital fertility in France was accompanied by a small but significant increase in expenditures on child quality as measured by heights. Reductions in mortality, independent of the level of food intake, also contributed to improved heights.

scholarly journals Marital Fertility in England and Wales

Nature ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 184 (4692) ◽  
pp. 1035-1036
Author(s):  
E. GREBENIK
Keyword(s):  
Marital Fertility ◽  
England And Wales
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