Green Chemistry for Green Solvent Production and Sustainability Toward Green Economy

Author(s):  
Ali Khosravanipour Mostafazadeh ◽  
Mahmoodreza Karimiestahbanati ◽  
Amadou Diop ◽  
Kokou Adjallé ◽  
Patrick Drogui ◽  
...  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3180-3183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Sheldon

Editorial on resource efficiency and waste minimisation – concepts at the heart of green chemistry.


2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S47-S52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Kadam ◽  
Sampada Jangam ◽  
Rajesh Oswal

Phenytoin (5,5'-dipenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione) is the prime example of anticonvulsant agent. According to reported procedure, it is synthesized by condensation of benzil and urea in presence of base (30% w/v NaOH) using ethanol as solvent which itself acts as CNS stimulant. Removal of solvent after synthesis is most difficult and non-assured process. In case of phenytoin transformation in polymorphism plays an important role when solvent other than water is used. About 30% extra cost is calculated if solvent other than water is used. Therefore by application of green chemistry principle phenytoin was synthesized by condensation of benzil and urea in presence of base (30% NaOH) and water as green solvent. This compound was characterized on the basis of its spectral (IR,1H NMR) data and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity using MES induced and PTZ induced seizure models in Swiss albino mice. Significant anticonvulsant activity was found by using 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of phenytoin compared with standard phenytoin at 25 mg/kg dose.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Nidzara Osmanagic Bedenik ◽  
◽  
Nenad Zidak ◽  

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haga Elimam

Green economy has invested in the sustainable development of the society across the globe. Therefore, the study has focused on differential ways that green economy provided for the reduction of misusing limited resources along with the reduction of environmental pollution. Since, the study has been conducted on the global issue, the nature of the analysis would be qualitative. The data has been collected from the previous studies on green economy. The results have shown the different factors that affect the society, which included wastes, toxic gases, and the hazardous solvents ecologically as well as economically. The implementation of green chemistry was the solution provided to eliminate poverty and pollution from the society. In the years 1990 and 2010, the emissions of non-methane compounds were increased by 71% and decreased by 4%. Whereas, the emissions of nitrogen oxides were increased by 62% and decreased by 3%. Moreover, intelligent usage of limited resources have provided better ways to increase economic growth and reduce toxins from the atmosphere. Adoption of green economy in the countries can be useful on the economic and social grounds as they helped in decreasing the environment pollution and along with the misuse of limited resources.


Author(s):  
Kai Li ◽  
Takaomi Kobayashi

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been known as a class of green solvent and played an important role in green chemistry in recently years. Materials based on ILs, such as poly(ionic liquid) and polymer/ILs composites, are also widely investigated and possess many unique properties and applications. In this chapter, green solvent IL is reviewed and the responsive behavior of ILs based materials to external stimulus, like ultrasound (US), is introduced. Especially, it is described that FT-IR spectroscopy was effective for analyzing hydrogen bonding in ILs, polymeric ILs and PVA/IL composites. In addition, shear viscosity and viscoelasticity measurement and techniques of two-dimensional correlation and deconvolution are applied to analyze the change of interaction between IL to different substances and US responded behavior.


Author(s):  
Neil Winterton

AbstractSolvents are important in most industrial and domestic applications. The impact of solvent losses and emissions drives efforts to minimise them or to avoid them completely. Since the 1990s, this has become a major focus of green chemistry, giving rise to the idea of the ‘green’ solvent. This concept has generated a substantial chemical literature and has led to the development of so-called neoteric solvents. A critical overview of published material establishes that few new materials have yet found widespread use as solvents. The search for less-impacting solvents is inefficient if carried out without due regard, even at the research stage, to the particular circumstances under which solvents are to be used on the industrial scale. Wider sustainability questions, particularly the use of non-fossil sources of organic carbon in solvent manufacture, are more important than intrinsic ‘greenness’. While solvency is universal, a universal solvent, an alkahest, is an unattainable ideal.


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