Atypical and Malignant Glomus Tumors

Glomus tumor is one of the most common temporal bone tumors. Most of them are benign and locally invasive, some are occasionally able to metastasize and have signs of malignancy. Diagnostic imaging is necessary before treatment. Computer tomography (CT) is traditionally used as a primary method of diagnosis, to recognize changes in the temporal bone. Role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in temporal bone tumor diagnosis is not definitively determined.Purpose. To assess the possibilities of computer and magnetic resonance tomography, to develop an algorithm for the application of diagnostic imaging methods in the diagnosis of glomus tumors of the temporal bone.Material and methods. The article presents the experience of diagnosing 30 patients with glomus tumors.Results. The tympanic form of the glomus tumor was observed in 11 cases (37%), tympano-yugular in 19 cases (63%). CT and MRI data totally coincided in cases of small tumors (type A and B). In the presence of extended forms CT ability of assessing bone invasion, involvement of the internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and dural sinuses was lower than the MRI.

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Primary pancreatic glomus tumor invading into the superior mesenteric vein: a case report

Surgical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s40792-020-01058-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ichiro Tamaki ◽

Yohei Hosoda ◽

Hironobu Sasano ◽

Yu Sasaki ◽

Hidenori Kiyochi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Solid Tumor ◽

Superior Mesenteric Vein ◽

Glomus Tumor ◽

Small Cells ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Glomus Tumors ◽

Mesenteric Vein ◽

Direct Invasion

Abstract Background Glomus tumors are subcutaneous tumors arising from glomus bodies, thermoregulatory components of the skin. These tumors could occur in visceral organs where glomus bodies are not normally present. Herein, we report a case of primary pancreatic glomus tumor with aggressive direct invasion into the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case report of a glomus tumor arising in the pancreas. Case presentation A 46-year-old woman was referred to our hospital due to vomiting with epigastric and back pain. Dynamic-CT revealed a well-circumscribed hypervascular mass, measuring 37 mm in its maximal diameter involving the pancreatic head. Both CT and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) revealed direct invasion into the SMV and radiologically suspected tumor thrombus. Biopsy sample obtained by EUS-guided fine needle aspiration revealed proliferation of small cells, round-to-oval tumor cells with round nuclei and scant cytoplasm. A histological diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, G1 was initially considered. Therefore, subtotal stomach-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy using Child-II reconstruction was subsequently performed. Her SMV was resected and reconstructed due to extensive tumor involvement. Subsequent histopathological analysis revealed solid tumor cells proliferation that comprised oval-shaped nuclei and scant cytoplasm around disorganized or slit-shaped vessels in hematoxylin–eosin-stained slides. Immunohistochemical analysis then demonstrated positive immunoreactivity for smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and CD34, but negative for chromogranin A, synaptophysin, CD56, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6. Based on these histological findings of resected specimens, the lesion was subsequently diagnosed as a primary pancreatic glomus tumor harboring direct invasion into the SMV. Her postoperative course was uneventful and annual surveys for the following 4 years post-op detected no clinical signs of recurrence. Conclusions We report a very rare case of glomus tumor of the pancreas accompanied by venous invasion. Curative surgical resection is the best treatment option for pancreatic glomus tumors. Although pancreatic glomus tumor is rare, it should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of a pancreatic solid tumor with hypervascularity.

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Digital Glomus Tumor: Bibliographic Review of the Studies Published over the Past 10 Years

Revista Iberoamericana de Cirugía de la Mano ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1730392 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (01) ◽

pp. 046-055

Author(s):

Victoria Hernández ◽

Tania Lena ◽

Eliana Camacho ◽

Matías Craviotto

Keyword(s):

Glomus Tumor ◽

Case Reports ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Benign Neoplasm ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Glomus Tumors ◽

The Past ◽

Pubmed Search ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractGlomus tumors are a mostly benign neoplasm that constitutes less than 4% of upper-limb soft-tissue tumors. Its unspecific clinical presentation, added to its low frequency, leads to a late diagnosis.The objective of the present study is to update the clinical-paraclinical approach and the surgical technique used in the treatment.We carried out a literature review from 2014 to 2019 on digital glomus tumor in the hand in adult patients using the PubMed search engine.In most of the publications analyzed, the diagnosis was clinical, with a delay of 1 to 10 years. Plain radiography is the most requested study; of the 16 articles reporting its indication, only half evidenced compatible changes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was requested in 15 articles, presenting normal results in 3 of them. The treatment of choice was surgical excision using a transungual approach. Only 4 articles report recurrence after excision.Although there is diversity in the approach to these tumors, we conclude that the diagnosis is clinical, and the treatment surgical, and there is no consensus regarding the paraclinical indication. The information available comes mainly from case reports, publications that contribute to the generation of evidence for the clinical practice in rare diseases such as this one.

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Sympathetic Innervation of Glomus Tumors

Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.1097/prs.0b013e3182a98016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 132 (6) ◽

pp. 1088e-1091e

Author(s):

Jacqueline Bastiaanse ◽

Zerina Lokmic ◽

Richard A. Williams ◽

Anthony J. Penington

Keyword(s):

Sympathetic Innervation ◽

Glomus Tumors

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Intravascular Glomus Tumor of the Forearm Causing Chronic Pain and Focal Tenderness

Case Reports in Orthopedics ◽

10.1155/2014/619490 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sang Ki Lee ◽

Dae Geon Song ◽

Won Sik Choy

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Glomus Tumor ◽

Rare Condition ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Vascular Tumor ◽

Glomus Tumors ◽

Contrast Magnetic Resonance ◽

History Of ◽

Subcutaneous Layer ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Introduction. A glomus tumor is a benign vascular tumor derived from glomus cells and occurs mainly in the subcutaneous layer of the subungual or digital pulp. Extradigital glomus tumors have been reported within the palm, wrist, forearm, foot, bone, stomach, colon, cervix, and mesentery. Glomus tumors can originate from the intraosseous, intramuscular, periosteal, intravascular, and intraneural layers. However, a glomus tumor originating from the intravascular layer of the forearm is a rare condition.Case Report. A 44-year-old woman had a 7-year history of chronic pain and focal tenderness of the forearm. No hypersensitivity or sensory alterations were observed. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a mass measuring 5 × 3 × 2 mm leading to a vein. Surgical excision was performed, and the tumor was completely resected. Finding of gross examination revealed a dark-red, well-defined soft tissue tumor, and histologic examination confirmed that the mass was a glomus tumor. The patient’s symptoms were completely resolved postoperatively.Conclusion. Intravascular glomus tumors rarely occur in the forearm; therefore, a thorough physical exam, comprehensive medical history, in-depth imaging, and early surgical excision upon clinical suspicion may be helpful to prevent a delayed or incorrect diagnosis.

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Subungual Glomus Tumors: An Algorithmic Approach

Annals of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1097/00000637-199409000-00011 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 300-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Rod J. Rohrich ◽

Leonard M. Hochstein ◽

Robert H. Millwee

Keyword(s):

Algorithmic Approach ◽

Glomus Tumors

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