Fetal and Maternal Responses to Intrauterine Infection

SummaryPaired blood samples were obtained from mothers (venous) and babies (cord venous blood) at the time of delivery by caesarean section under epidural anaesthetic. Fetal platelets failed to aggregate in response to adrenaline in vitro although adrenaline could potentiate the threshold response to adenosine diphosphate (1 μM). Fetal platelet responses to collagen and 8 Arg vasopressin did not differ significantly from maternal responses. Maternal and fetal platelets also showed similar inhibition of aggregation after activation of adenylate cyclase (PGE1 and parathormone), in contrast to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase by adrenaline.Alpha2 adrenoceptors were investigated using [3H] yohimbine binding receptor number and were reduced modestly but significantly on fetal compared to maternal platelets. The failure of fetal platelet aggregation in response to adrenaline appears to be related to a failure of receptor coupling and may represent a delayed maturation of fetal platelet alpha receptors or a response- to increased circulating catecholamines during birth.

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Pathological features of the sequence in pregnant women with delayed fetal growth

HEALTH OF WOMAN ◽

10.15574/hw.2019.140.50 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 50-54

Author(s):

V.O. Golyanovskiy ◽

◽

Ye.O. Didyk ◽

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Normal Development ◽

Intrauterine Infection ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Control Group ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Infection And Inflammation

Pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have an increased risk of adverse perinatal and long-term complications compared with the birth of children with normal body weight. Thus, IUGR is one of the main challenges for the global health system, especially in poor and developing countries. Morpho-functional studies of the placentas help in determining the causes of IUGR, and therefore, timely prevent complications in pregnant women with IUGR. The objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate various morphometric and pathomorphological changes in the placenta, including inflammatory, in cases of IUGR, and to establish a correlation of these results with the etiology and complications for the fetus. Materials and methods. In the current study, 54 placentas of the fetuses with IUGR (the main group) were compared with 50 placentas of the fetuses with normal development (control group). The criteria for the inclusion of IUGR were gestational age more than 30 weeks and all fetuses with a weight less than 10th percentile for this period of pregnancy. The placenta material was studied pathomorphologically with laboratory screening for infection and inflammation. Similarly, the results were determined for placentas of the fetuses with normal development compared to placentas with IUGR. Results. The placenta study showed the presence of calcification in the case of IUGR, as well as in the case of prolonged pregnancy. However, calcification of the placenta in the case of IUGR was more progressive compared with placenta in the normal pregnancy. In addition, the presence of intrauterine infection and inflammation was observed, which could also lead to an adverse outcome for the further progression of pregnancy with IUGR. Conclusion. A comparative macro- and microscopic pathomorphological study of the placentas in the two groups has shown a significant increase in the pathological changes in all the anatomical structures of the fetuses with IUGR. Key words: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal weight, pathomorphological changes of the placenta.

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Intrauterine infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae: Report of a case and literature review

Pediatric and Developmental Pathology ◽

10.2350/07-09-0337 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol preprint (2007) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Rozbeh Torabi ◽

Svetlana Charnova ◽

Rosanna Abellar ◽

Halit Pinar ◽

Monique De Paepe

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Intrauterine Infection

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Interferon alfa-2b in complex therapy of intrauterine infection in newborns from mothers with bacterial-viral mixt-infections

Neonatology surgery and perinatal medicine ◽

10.24061/2413-4260.iv.1.11.2014.22 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1(11)) ◽

pp. 136-139

Author(s):

O.O. Loshak ◽

I.I. Novik ◽

T.V. Petritsuyk ◽

A.O. Pysariev

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Infection ◽

Interferon Alfa ◽

Complex Therapy

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Ultrasound and clinical-morphological evaluation of fetal-placental complex of pregnant women with intrauterine infection

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/2079-5831_17.5.10-13 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 10-13

Author(s):

S.M. Voevodin ◽

◽

T.V. Shemanaeva ◽

A.I. Shchegolev ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Intrauterine Infection ◽

Morphological Evaluation

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Exogenous Neonatal Erythropoietin Mitigates Brain Damage After a Combination of Prenatal Hypoxic-Ischemia and Lipopolysaccharide Inflammation in Rats

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/ped/2008/1/4/paper9 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. A353

Author(s):

Shenandoah Robinson ◽

Qing Li

Keyword(s):

Brain Damage ◽

Intracellular Signaling ◽

System Development ◽

Intrauterine Infection ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Nervous System Development ◽

Human Infants ◽

Hypoxic Ischemia ◽

Show Evidence ◽

The Impact

Introduction Many infants born very preterm who suffer brain damage most likely experienced a combined insult from intrauterine infection and placental insufficiency. Damage is thought to be synergistic rather than additive but the mechanisms of combined injury remain elusive. A combination of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and hypoxia-ischemia has been used in rats to model the dual insult that occurs in human infants prenatally. Erythropoietin, a pleiotrophic cytokine that is essential for central nervous system development, ameliorates brain injury after isolated hypoxic-ischemic or inflammatory insults through different intracellular signaling pathways. We hypothesized that exogenous neonatal EPO administration would lessen the damage of a combined prenatal insult in rats. Methods On embryonic Day 18 fetal rats experienced 60 minutes of transient uterine artery occlusion with or without intracervical LPS administration with sham controls receiving surgery but no occlusion and saline for LPS. Survival was recorded and histological biochemical and functional assays were performed. Means were compared with ANOVA with Tukey HSD post hoc analysis. Results After a combined insult of HI and 0.15-mg/kg LPS on E18 the survival of pups by postnatal Day 1 (P1) decreased from 77% with HI alone to 22% for LPS plus HI. When exogenous systemic EPO was administered P1–P3 survival to P9 improved markedly from 40% (2 of 5) for saline-treated insult pups to 100% (6 of 6) for EPO-treated. Initial histological analyses show EPO decreases the number of brain activated caspase 3 and activated microglia by P9. Additional analyses will be presented. Conclusion As at least 60% of placentas from infants born pre-term show evidence of chorioamnionitis, assessment of the impact of exogenous EPO on a model of a combination injury is essential prior to proceeding with a clinical trial. Initial results indicate neonatal exogenous EPO mitigates damage from the combined insult.

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