Integration of Omics Approaches toward Understanding Whitefly Transmission of Viruses

Abstract For many crop pathogens including viruses, high genetic variation provides them with potential to adapt to and prevail in a changing environment. Understanding genetic variation in viruses and their significance is a key to elaborate virus epidemiology and evolution. While genetic variation of plant viruses has been documented to impact virus–host interactions, how it affects virus–insect vector interactions remains elusive. Here, we report the impact of mutations in the coat protein of squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV), a begomovirus, on the interaction between the virus and its whitefly vectors. We characterized mutations in the coat protein of SLCCNV and found that some residues exhibited higher mutation frequency than the others. We assayed the impact of mutation on infectivity using agroinoculation and found these mutations marginally affect virus infectivity. We further analyze their functions using virus acquisition and transmission trials and found some of mutations resulted in altered transmission of SLCCNV by different species of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci complex. We then identified the key amino acid residue(s) involved by constructing several mutant viruses and found that a single-residue mutation in the coat protein of SLCCNV was sufficient to significantly alter the whitefly transmission characteristics of SLCCNV. We examined the competition between different genotypes of SLCCNV in plant infection and whitefly transmission. We found that mutations in the coat protein did not alter the fitness of SLCCNV in plants, but they rendered the virus more competitive in transmission by certain species of whiteflies. Our findings indicate that mutations in the coat protein may play a key role in both the adaptation of begomoviruses to the changing vector populations and the evolution of begomoviruses.

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Genome sequence, host range, and whitefly transmission of the torradovirus Tomato necrotic dwarf virus

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2018.1207.41 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 295-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W.M. Wintermantel ◽

L.L. Hladky ◽

A.A. Cortez

Keyword(s):

Host Range ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Dwarf Virus ◽

Whitefly Transmission

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Whitefly Transmission and Some Properties of Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus on Soybean in Thailand

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-66-365 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 365 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

M. Iwaki

Keyword(s):

Mottle Virus ◽

Whitefly Transmission

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Defence priming in tomato by the green leaf volatile ( Z )‐3‐hexenol reduces whitefly transmission of a plant virus

Plant Cell & Environment ◽

10.1111/pce.13885 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (11) ◽

pp. 2797-2811

Author(s):

Qi Su ◽

Fengbo Yang ◽

Qinghe Zhang ◽

Hong Tong ◽

Yuan Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Virus ◽

Green Leaf ◽

Green Leaf Volatile ◽

Whitefly Transmission

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Phenotypic responses of putative resistance chili cultivars infected by PepYLCV with viruliferous whitefly transmission

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2021.1326.24 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 181-188

Author(s):

Y. Sangsotkaew ◽

N. Jeeatid ◽

N. Siri ◽

P. Thummabenjapone ◽

O. Chatchawankanphanich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Whitefly Transmission ◽

Phenotypic Responses

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Effects of foliar and systemic insecticides on whitefly transmission and incidence ofCucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus

Pest Management Science ◽

10.1002/ps.4478 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 73 (7) ◽

pp. 1462-1472 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Steven Castle ◽

John Palumbo ◽

Paul Merten ◽

Charles Cowden ◽

Nilima Prabhaker

Keyword(s):

Whitefly Transmission ◽

Systemic Insecticides

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Comparative whitefly transmission ofTomato chlorosis virusandTomato infectious chlorosis virusfrom single or mixed infections

Plant Pathology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01958.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 221-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. Dalmon ◽

F. Fabre ◽

L. Guilbaud ◽

H. Lecoq ◽

M. Jacquemond

Keyword(s):

Mixed Infections ◽

Whitefly Transmission

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Semipersistent Whitefly Transmission of Squash vein yellowing virus, Causal Agent of Viral Watermelon Vine Decline

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-09-11-0761 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 839-844 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Susan E. Webb ◽

Scott Adkins ◽

Stuart R. Reitz

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Causal Agent ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Transmission Process ◽

Whitefly Transmission ◽

The Family ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Short Time ◽

Yellowing Virus

Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV), a recently described Ipomovirus sp. in the family Potyviridae, is the cause of viral watermelon vine decline, a devastating disease in Florida. SqVYV is known to be transmitted by the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) B strain, but details of the transmission process have not previously been investigated. We completed a series of experiments to determine efficiency of transmission, effects of different acquisition and inoculation access periods, the length of time that whiteflies retained transmissible virus, and the minimum time needed to complete a cycle of acquisition and inoculation. Efficiency was low, with at least 30 whiteflies per plant needed for consistent transmission. Acquisition leading to later transmission peaked at 4 h, and inoculation access periods longer than 4 to 8 h led to no increase in infection rates. Whiteflies retained virus only a short time, with no transmission by 24 h after removal from infected plants. A minimum of 3 h was needed to complete a cycle of transmission under laboratory conditions. These results demonstrate semipersistent transmission of SqVYV and will help refine models of the epidemiology of this virus and the disease it causes.

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