Nonmotor Symptoms in Dystonia

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder associated with motor and nonmotor symptoms. Drooling, one of the nonmotor symptoms, can be present in 70–80% of patients with PD. The aim of this paper is to study the characteristics of PD patients with drooling compared to those without in terms of age, gender, disease duration, stage of the disease, swallowing difficulties, and health-related quality of life; methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was divided into two groups: PD with drooling (n = 32) and PD without drooling (n = 30). Age, gender, disease duration and Hoehn & Yahr (H & Y) stage, Sialorrhea Clinical Scale for Parkinson’s Disease (SCS-PD), the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), and the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were compared between groups; Results: 62 individuals with PD, 40 men and 22 women (mean age 73 ± 8 years), were included. Overall, 32 patients reported drooling, and 30 did not exhibit it. The ANCOVA found significant differences between groups for the EAT-10 score (0.83, 95% CI = 5.62–9.03; p = 0.016) and SCS-PD score (1.48, 95% CI = 0.86–6.81; p < 0.001). Analysis of the PDQ-39 scores revealed no significant differences between groups for the PDQ-39 total score (p > 0.057) and in all subscales. The inclusion of gender, age, disease duration, and H & Y as covariates did not influence the results (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: drooling is related to swallowing difficulties assessed with EAT-10 but not with health-related quality of life assessed with PDQ-39 in PD patients with drooling compared to PD patients without it. Age, gender, duration of the disease, and the H & Y state of PD patients with and without drooling seem to be similar.

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Nonmotor symptoms in spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs)

Cerebellum & Ataxias ◽

10.1186/s40673-019-0106-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adriana Moro ◽

Mariana Moscovich ◽

Marina Farah ◽

Carlos Henrique F. Camargo ◽

Hélio A. G. Teive ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinocerebellar Ataxias ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms

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Fatigue in Patients With Multiple System Atrophy

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000012968 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 98 (1) ◽

pp. e73-e82

Author(s):

Lingyu Zhang ◽

Bei Cao ◽

Yanbing Hou ◽

Xiaojing Gu ◽

Qian-Qian Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple System Atrophy ◽

Regression Model ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Early Stage ◽

Progression Rate ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Neurofilament Light Chain ◽

Neurofilament Light

Background and ObjectivesNonmotor symptoms are common in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), but there is limited knowledge regarding fatigue in MSA. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and evolution of fatigue and the factors related to fatigue and its progression in patients with MSA at an early stage.MethodsPatients with probable MSA were comprehensively evaluated at both baseline and the 1-year follow-up, including their motor and nonmotor symptoms. Fatigue and anxiety were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), respectively. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) was defined as a decrease in the systolic or diastolic blood pressure by at least 30 and 15 mm Hg, respectively. The binary logistic regression model and linear regression model were used to analyze the factors related to fatigue and its progression, respectively.ResultsThis study enrolled 146 patients with MSA. The frequency of fatigue was 60.3%, 55.1%, and 64.9% in MSA, MSA with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P), and MSA with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C), respectively. The frequency of fatigue and the FSS score in patients with MSA increased from baseline to the 1-year follow-up (p < 0.05). Young age (odds ratio [OR] 0.939, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.894–0.987), OH (OR 2.806, 95% CI 1.253–6.286), and high HARS score (OR 1.014, 95% CI 1.035–1.177) were associated with fatigue in MSA. OH was associated with fatigue in MSA-P (OR 3.391, 95% CI 1.066–10.788), while high HARS score was associated with fatigue in MSA-C (OR 1.159, 95% CI 1.043–1.287). In addition, only low FSS scores at baseline were associated with the annual progression rate of FSS scores in MSA, MSA-P, and MSA-C (p < 0.05). Neurofilament light chain, α-synuclein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-2 were not significantly associated with fatigue and its progression in MSA.DiscussionFatigue was prevalent in early-stage MSA, and it increased and remained persistent over time. This study demonstrated that OH and anxiety were associated with fatigue in patients with MSA.

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Nonmotor Symptoms in Essential Tremor and Other Tremor Disorders

International Review of Neurobiology - Nonmotor Parkinson’s: The Hidden Face - Management and the Hidden Face of Related Disorders ◽

10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.010 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1373-1396 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alessandro F. Fois ◽

Hugo M. Briceño ◽

Victor S.C. Fung

Keyword(s):

Essential Tremor ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms

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Reply: Nonmotor symptoms in subjects without evidence of dopaminergic deficits

Movement Disorders ◽

10.1002/mds.26336 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (10) ◽

pp. 1437-1438 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. S. Sprenger ◽

K. Seppi ◽

A. Djamshidian ◽

E. Reiter ◽

M. Nocker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nonmotor Symptoms

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Unmasking nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease

Nursing ◽

10.1097/01.nurse.0000469159.33349.94 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (7) ◽

pp. 32-33

Keyword(s):

Parkinson Disease ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms

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Gender Differences of Nonmotor Symptoms Affecting Quality of Life in Parkinson Disease

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

10.1159/000479111 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 276-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jee-Eun Yoon ◽

Ji Sun Kim ◽

Wooyoung Jang ◽

Jinse Park ◽

Eungseok Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Parkinson Disease ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms

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Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease: Antagonistic Pleiotropy Phenomena Derived from α-Synuclein Evolvability?

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2018/5789424 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yoshiki Takamatsu ◽

Masayo Fujita ◽

Gilbert J. Ho ◽

Ryoko Wada ◽

Shuei Sugama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Lewy Body ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Lewy Bodies ◽

Antagonistic Pleiotropy ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms ◽

Novel Therapy ◽

Wide Range ◽

Lewy Body Diseases

Lewy body diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), are associated with a wide range of nonmotor symptoms (NMS), including cognitive impairment, depression and anxiety, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal symptoms, and autonomic failure. The reason why such diverse and disabling NMS have not been weeded out but have persisted across evolution is unknown. As such, one possibility would be that the NMS might be somehow beneficial during development and/or reproductive stages, a possibility consistent with our recent view as to the evolvability of amyloidogenic proteins (APs) such as α-synuclein (αS) and amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain. Based on the heterogeneity of protofibrillar AP forms in terms of structure and cytotoxicity, we recently proposed that APs might act as vehicles to deliver information regarding diverse internal and environmental stressors. Also, we defined evolvability to be an epigenetic phenomenon whereby APs are transgenerationally transmitted from parents to offspring to cope with future brain stressors in the offspring, likely benefitting the offspring. In this context, the main objective is to discuss whether NMS might be relevant to evolvability. According to this view, information regarding NMS may be transgenerationally transmitted by heterogeneous APs to offspring, preventing or attenuating the stresses related to such symptoms. On the other hand, NMS associated with Lewy body pathology might manifest through an aging-associated antagonistic pleiotropy mechanism. Given that NMS are not only specific to Lewy body diseases but also displayed in other disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington’s disease (HD), these conditions might share common mechanisms related to evolvability. This might give insight into novel therapy strategies based on antagonistic pleiotropy rather than on individual NMS from which to develop disease-modifying therapies.

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