scholarly journals False positives in using the zymogram assay for identification of peptidoglycan hydrolases

2018 ◽  
Vol 543 ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian A. Escobar ◽  
Timothy A. Cross
Keyword(s):  
False Positives ◽  
Peptidoglycan Hydrolases ◽  
Zymogram Assay

Identification of a Broad-Spectrum Peptidoglycan Hydrolase Associated with the Particle of Xanthomonas oryzae Phage Xop411

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Shu-Fen Weng ◽  
Yung-Chieh Fu ◽  
Juey-Wen Lin ◽  
Tsai-Tien Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Immunogold Labelling ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Peptidoglycan Hydrolases ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Zymogram Assay

Virion-associated peptidoglycan hydrolases (VAPGH) in bacteriophages are potential antimicrobials. Xop411 is a syphophage infecting the Gram-negative <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. oryzae that causes bacterial leaf blight in rice plants. The Xop411 gp21 protein was identified here as a peptidoglycan glycohydrolase by Western blotting and zymogram assay, and localized to the phage tail by immunogold-labelling electron microscopy. This protein showed an apparent molecular mass of 17 kDa in SDS-polyacrylamide gels, larger than that calculated from the amino acid sequence, 15 kDa with 130 residues. The recombinant gp21 expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> formed inclusion bodies, which gained enzyme activity after in-gel renaturation. In contrast, the secreted recombinant protein (s-gp21His) expressed in <i>Pichia pastoris</i> was soluble and enzymatically active. Plate assays showed that s-gp21His was capable of killing 3 species of <i>Xanthomonas</i>, a genus containing 27 closely related plant pathogenic species, as well as the opportunistic <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> causing nosocomial infections. These results indicate that the Xop411 gp21 has possible wide applications as an antimicrobial against xanthomonads and at least 2 opportunistic bacteria. Several other VAPGH from <i>Xanthomonas</i> phages were also identified by bioinformatic analysis, with 1 being confirmed by Western blotting.

False Positives on the PTSD Checklist (PCL) Among Outpatients With Substance Abuse Disorders (SUD)

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Andersen ◽  
Rebecca Silver ◽  
Todd Bishop ◽  
Vanessa Tirone ◽  
Paige Ouimette
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Ptsd Checklist ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders

False Positives Prevalent in Some Cancer Screenings

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (15) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
SARAH PRESSMAN LOVINGER
Keyword(s):  
False Positives ◽  
Cancer Screenings

Sky Segmentation for Enhanced Depth Reconstruction and Bokeh Rendering with Efficient Architectures

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (14) ◽  
pp. 378-1-378-7
Author(s):  
Tyler Nuanes ◽  
Matt Elsey ◽  
Radek Grzeszczuk ◽  
John Paul Shen
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Compact Model ◽  
High Quality ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Depth Reconstruction ◽  
Binary Classifiers

We present a high-quality sky segmentation model for depth refinement and investigate residual architecture performance to inform optimally shrinking the network. We describe a model that runs in near real-time on mobile device, present a new, highquality dataset, and detail a unique weighing to trade off false positives and false negatives in binary classifiers. We show how the optimizations improve bokeh rendering by correcting stereo depth misprediction in sky regions. We detail techniques used to preserve edges, reject false positives, and ensure generalization to the diversity of sky scenes. Finally, we present a compact model and compare performance of four popular residual architectures (ShuffleNet, MobileNetV2, Resnet-101, and Resnet-34-like) at constant computational cost.

Automatic Extraction of Acronyms from Text

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Yeates
Keyword(s):  
Digital Library ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Communications Theory ◽  
Textual Content

A brief introduction to acronyms is given and motivation for extracting them in a digital library environment is discussed. A technique for extracting acronyms is given with an analysis of the results. The technique is found to have a low number of false negatives and a high number of false positives. Introduction Digital library research seeks to build tools to enable access of content, while making as few as possible assumptions about the content, since assumptions limit the range of applicability of the tools. Generally, the broader the assumptions the more widely applicable the tools. For example, keyword based indexing [5] is based on communications theory and applies to all natural human textual languages (allowances for differences in character sets and similar localisation issues not withstanding) . The algorithm described in this paper makes much stronger assumptions about the content. It assumes textual content that contains acronyms, an assumption which is known to hold for...

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