Porosity and pore size of β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold can influence protein production and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells: An in vitro and in vivo study

Bone tissue engineering has developed significantly in recent years as there has been increasing demand for bone substitutes due to trauma, cancer, arthritis, and infections. The scaffolds for bone regeneration need to be mechanically stable and have a 3D architecture with interconnected pores. With the advances in additive manufacturing technology, these requirements can be fulfilled by 3D printing scaffolds with controlled geometry and porosity using a low-cost multistep process. The scaffolds, however, must also be bioactive to promote the environment for the cells to regenerate into bone tissue. To determine if a low-cost 3D printing method for bespoke SiOC(N) porous structures can regenerate bone, these structures were tested for osteointegration potential by using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). This includes checking the general biocompatibilities under the osteogenic differentiation environment (cell proliferation and metabolism). Moreover, cell morphology was observed by confocal microscopy, and gene expressions on typical osteogenic markers at different stages for bone formation were determined by real-time PCR. The results of the study showed the pore size of the scaffolds had a significant impact on differentiation. A certain range of pore size could stimulate osteogenic differentiation, thus promoting bone regrowth and regeneration.

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Adenovirus-mediated bone morphogenetic protein-2 promotes osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine ◽

10.3892/etm.2017.4482 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 377-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hong Cao ◽

Zhi-Bo Sun ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Wei Qian ◽

Chun-Yang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽

Morphogenetic Protein

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Characterization of patient-derived bone marrow human mesenchymal stem cells as oncolytic virus carriers for the treatment of glioblastoma

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2021.3.jns203045 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Yuzaburo Shimizu ◽

Joy Gumin ◽

Feng Gao ◽

Anwar Hossain ◽

Elizabeth J. Shpall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Oncolytic Viruses ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Systemic Delivery ◽

Previously Treated

OBJECTIVE Delta-24-RGD is an oncolytic adenovirus that is capable of replicating in and killing human glioma cells. Although intratumoral delivery of Delta-24-RGD can be effective, systemic delivery would improve its clinical application. Bone marrow–derived human mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSCs) obtained from healthy donors have been investigated as virus carriers. However, it is unclear whether BM-hMSCs can be derived from glioma patients previously treated with marrow-toxic chemotherapy or whether such BM-hMSCs can deliver oncolytic viruses effectively. Herein, the authors undertook a prospective clinical trial to determine the feasibility of obtaining BM-hMSCs from patients with recurrent malignant glioma who were previously exposed to marrow-toxic chemotherapy. METHODS The authors enrolled 5 consecutive patients who had been treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy. BM aspirates were obtained from the iliac crest and were cultured to obtain BM-hMSCs. RESULTS The patient-derived BM-hMSCs (PD-BM-hMSCs) had a morphology similar to that of healthy donor–derived BM-hMSCs (HD-BM-hMSCs). Flow cytometry revealed that all 5 cell lines expressed canonical MSC surface markers. Importantly, these cultures could be made to differentiate into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. In all cases, the PD-BM-hMSCs homed to intracranial glioma xenografts in mice after intracarotid delivery as effectively as HD-BM-hMSCs. The PD-BM-hMSCs loaded with Delta-24-RGD (PD-BM-MSC-D24) effectively eradicated human gliomas in vitro. In in vivo studies, intravascular administration of PD-BM-MSC-D24 increased the survival of mice harboring U87MG gliomas. CONCLUSIONS The authors conclude that BM-hMSCs can be acquired from patients previously treated with marrow-toxic chemotherapy and that these PD-BM-hMSCs are effective carriers for oncolytic viruses.

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