scholarly journals Pollination services are mediated by bee functional diversity and landscape context

2015 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle T. Martins ◽  
Andrew Gonzalez ◽  
Martin J. Lechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Landscape Context ◽  
Pollination Services

scholarly journals Negative effects of pesticides on wild bee communities can be buffered by landscape context

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1809) ◽  
pp. 20150299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia G. Park ◽  
E. J. Blitzer ◽  
Jason Gibbs ◽  
John E. Losey ◽  
Bryan N. Danforth
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Landscape Context ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Bee Community ◽  
Bee Communities

Wild bee communities provide underappreciated but critical agricultural pollination services. Given predicted global shortages in pollination services, managing agroecosystems to support thriving wild bee communities is, therefore, central to ensuring sustainable food production. Benefits of natural (including semi-natural) habitat for wild bee abundance and diversity on farms are well documented. By contrast, few studies have examined toxicity of pesticides on wild bees, let alone effects of farm-level pesticide exposure on entire bee communities. Whether beneficial natural areas could mediate effects of harmful pesticides on wild bees is also unknown. Here, we assess the effect of conventional pesticide use on the wild bee community visiting apple ( Malus domestica ) within a gradient of percentage natural area in the landscape. Wild bee community abundance and species richness decreased linearly with increasing pesticide use in orchards one year after application; however, pesticide effects on wild bees were buffered by increasing proportion of natural habitat in the surrounding landscape. A significant contribution of fungicides to observed pesticide effects suggests deleterious properties of a class of pesticides that was, until recently, considered benign to bees. Our results demonstrate extended benefits of natural areas for wild pollinators and highlight the importance of considering the landscape context when weighing up the costs of pest management on crop pollination services.

High bee functional diversity buffers crop pollination services against Amazon deforestation

2022 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 107777
Author(s):  
Alistair John Campbell ◽  
Elinor M. Lichtenberg ◽  
Luísa Gigante Carvalheiro ◽  
Cristiano Menezes ◽  
Rafael Cabral Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Crop Pollination ◽  
Pollination Services

scholarly journals Landscape context explains changes in the functional diversity of regenerating forests better than climate or species richness

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1165-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Sams ◽  
H. R. Lai ◽  
S. P. Bonser ◽  
P. A. Vesk ◽  
R. M. Kooyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Landscape Context ◽  
Better Than

scholarly journals Landscape Structure Is a Major Driver of Bee Functional Diversity in Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeferson G. E. Coutinho ◽  
Juliana Hipólito ◽  
Rafaela L. S. Santos ◽  
Eduardo F. Moreira ◽  
Danilo Boscolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Functional Richness ◽  
Negative Effect

Land-use change is having a negative effect on pollinator communities, and these changes in community structure may have unexpected impacts on the functional composition of those communities. Such changes in functional composition may impact the capacity of these assemblages to deliver pollination services, affecting the reproduction of native and wild plants. However, elucidating those relationships requires studies in multiple spatial scales because effects and consequences are different considering biological groups and interactions. In that sense, by using a multi-trait approach, we evaluated whether the landscape structure and/or local environmental characteristics could explain the functional richness, divergence, and dispersion of bee communities in agroecosystems. In addition, we investigated to what extent this approach helps to predict effects on pollination services. This study was conducted in an agroecosystem situated in the Chapada Diamantina region, State of Bahia, Brazil. Bees were collected using two complementary techniques in 27 sample units. They were classified according to their response traits (e.g., body size, nesting location) and effect traits (e.g., means of pollen transportation, specialty in obtaining resources). The Akaike information criterion was used to select the best models created through the additive combination of landscape descriptors (landscape diversity, mean patch shape, and local vegetation structure) at the local, proximal, and broad landscape levels. Our results indicate that both landscape heterogeneity and configuration matter in explaining the three properties of bee functional diversity. We indicate that functional diversity is positively correlated with compositional and configurational heterogeneity. These results suggest that landscape and local scale management to promote functional diversity in pollinator communities may be an effective mechanism for supporting increased pollination services.

scholarly journals Management‐dependent effects of pollinator functional diversity on apple pollination services: a response‐effect trait approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Roquer‐Beni ◽  
Georgina Alins ◽  
Xavier Arnan ◽  
Virginie Boreux ◽  
Daniel García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Response Effect

Modelling Lunar Extremes

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fisher ◽  
Lionel Sims
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Celestial Mechanics ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Landscape Context ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon

Claims first made over half a century ago that certain prehistoric monuments utilised high-precision alignments on the horizon risings and settings of the Sun and the Moon have recently resurfaced. While archaeoastronomy early on retreated from these claims, as a way to preserve the discipline in an academic boundary dispute, it did so without a rigorous examination of Thom’s concept of a “lunar standstill”. Gough’s uncritical resurrection of Thom’s usage of the term provides a long-overdue opportunity for the discipline to correct this slippage. Gough (2013), in keeping with Thom (1971), claims that certain standing stones and short stone rows point to distant horizon features which allow high-precision alignments on the risings and settings of the Sun and the Moon dating from about 1700 BC. To assist archaeoastronomy in breaking out of its interpretive rut and from “going round in circles” (Ruggles 2011), this paper evaluates the validity of this claim. Through computer modelling, the celestial mechanics of horizon alignments are here explored in their landscape context with a view to testing the very possibility of high-precision alignments to the lunar extremes. It is found that, due to the motion of the Moon on the horizon, only low-precision alignments are feasible, which would seem to indicate that the properties of lunar standstills could not have included high-precision markers for prehistoric megalith builders.

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