Endogenous ABA level modulates the effects of CO2 elevation and soil water deficit on growth, water and nitrogen use efficiencies in barley and tomato plants

SummaryIn each of the years from September 1977 to July 1982 winter wheat was grown on one or more of three clay soil sites (clay content 35–55%) in Oxfordshire where the climate is close to the average for the area of England growing winter cereals.The effects on crop water use of different soil management practices, including ploughing, direct drilling and subsoil drainage, are compared. Cultivation treatment had little effect on the maximum depth of water extraction, which on average in these clay soils was 1·54 m below the soil surface. Maximum soil water deficit was also little affected by cultivation; the maximum recorded value was 186±7·6 mm. Subsoil drainage increased the maximum depth of water extraction by approximately 15 cm and the maximum soil water deficit by about 17 mm.Generally soil management had little effect on either total water use by the crop which was found to be close to the potential evaporation estimated by the method of Penman, or water use efficiency which for these crops was about 52 kg/ha par mm water used.Results are discussed in relation to limitations to potential yield.

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The Effect of Dry Pegging Zone Soil on Pod Formation of Florunner Peanut1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-24-1-6 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

P. J. Sexton ◽

J. M. Bennett ◽

K. J. Boote

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Root Zone ◽

Soil Water Deficit ◽

Seed Growth ◽

Pod Development

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fruit growth is sensitive to surface soil (0-5 cm) conditions due to its subterranean fruiting habit. This study was conducted to determine the effect of soil water content in the pegging zone (0-5 cm) on peanut pod growth rate and development. A pegging-pan-root-tube apparatus was used to separately control soil water content in the pegging and root zone for greenhouse trials. A field study also was conducted using portable rainout shelters to create a soil water deficit. Pod phenology, pod and seed growth rates, and final pod and seed dry weights were determined. In greenhouse studies, dry pegging zone soil delayed pod and seed development. In the field, soil water deficits in the pegging and root zone decreased pod and seed growth rates by approximately 30% and decreased weight per seed from 563 to 428 mg. Pegs initiating growth during drought stress demonstrated an ability to suspend development during the period of soil water deficit and to re-initiate pod development after the drought stress was relieved.

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Excessive nitrogen application under moderate soil water deficit decreases photosynthesis, respiration, carbon gain and water use efficiency of maize

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.014 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Huanli Xing ◽

Wenbin Zhou ◽

Chao Wang ◽

Li Li ◽

Xiangnan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Water Use ◽

Carbon Gain ◽

Soil Water Deficit ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Use Efficiency

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Increased Tolerance of Citrus (Citrus tangerina) Seedlings to Soil Water Deficit after Mycorrhizal Inoculation: Changes in Antioxidant Enzyme Defense System

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4129218 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 524 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Qiu-Dan NI ◽

Ying-Ning ZOU ◽

Qiang-Sheng WU ◽

Yong-Ming HUANG

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Enzyme System ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Temporal Variations ◽

Soil Drying ◽

Soil Water Deficit ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme System

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can enhance tolerance of plants to soil water deficit, whereas morphological observations of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzyme system are poorly studied. The present study thereby evaluated temporal variations of the antioxidant enzyme system in citrus (Citrus tangerina) seedlings colonized by Glomus etunicatum and G. mosseae over a 12-day period of soil drying. Root colonization by G. etunicatum and G. mosseae decreased with soil drying days from 32.0 to 1.0% and 50.1 to 4.5% in 0-day to 12-day, respectively. Compared to the non-AM controls, the AMF colonized plants had significantly lower tissue (both leaves and roots) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion radical (O2â€¢â€“) concentrations during soil water deficit, whereas 1.03â€“1.92, 1.25â€“1.84 and 1.18â€“1.69 times higher enzyme activity in superoxide dismutase, peroxidase (POD) and catalase. In situ leaf H2O2 and root POD location also showed that AM seedlings had less leaf H2O2 but higher root POD accumulation. Furthermore, significantly higher root infection and antioxidant enzymatic activities in plants colonized with G. mosseae expressed than with G. etunicatum during the soil drying. These results demonstrated that the AMs could confer greater tolerance of citrus seedlings to soil water deficit through an enhancement in their antioxidant enzyme defence system whilst an decrease level in H2O2 and O2â€¢â€“.

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