Sex differences in ethanol liquid diet consumption in Sprague–Dawley rats

Calcium (Ca2+ ) is a key mediator of myocardial function. Calcium regulates contraction, and disruption of myocellular Ca2+ handling plays a role in cardiac pathologies such as arrhythmias and heart failure. This investigation examines sex differences in sensitivity of the contractile proteins to Ca2+ and myofibrillar Ca2+ delivery in the ventricular myocardium. Sensitivity of contractile proteins to Ca2+ was measured in weight-matched male and female Sprague-Dawley rats using the skinned ventricular papillary muscle fiber and Ca2+ -stimulated Mg2+ -dependent adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity methodologies. Calcium delivery was examined by measuring the contractile response to a range of extracellular Ca2+ concentrations in isolated ventricular myocytes, papillary muscle, and the isolated perfused whole heart. Findings from studies in the whole heart suggest that at a fixed preload, the male left ventricle generates more pressure than a female ventricle over a range of extracellular Ca2+ concentrations. In contrast, results from myocyte and papillary muscle studies suggest that females require less extracellular Ca2+ to elicit a similar contractile response. Results obtained from the 2 methods used to determine sex differences in Ca2+ sensitivity were equivocal. Further studies are required to elucidate sex differences in myocardial Ca2+ handling and the reasons for disparate results in different heart muscle preparations. The results of these studies will lead to the design of sex-optimized therapeutic interventions for cardiac disease.

Download Full-text

Abstract P173: Sex Differences in the Diurnal Natriuretic Response to Benzamil in Sprague Dawley Rats

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.72.suppl_1.p173 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 72 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Reham H Soliman ◽

Jermaine G Johnston ◽

Eman Y Gohar ◽

David M Pollock

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Download Full-text

Multi-site study of an in vivo phototoxicity evaluation in Sprague-Dawley rats: skin site and sex differences in sensitivity to drug-induced phototoxicity

Fundamental Toxicological Sciences ◽

10.2131/fts.6.171 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 171-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kazuhiro Kuga ◽

Yutaka Yonezawa ◽

Hitoshi Katou

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Skin Site ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Download Full-text

Androgen-mediated sex differences of cardiovascular responses in rats

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1978.235.2.h242 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 235 (2) ◽

pp. H242-H246 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. J. Baker ◽

E. R. Ramey ◽

P. W. Ramwell

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Rank Order ◽

Cardiovascular Responses ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Similar Treatment ◽

Depressor Response ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Significant Change ◽

Dose Levels

Sex differences in the systemic depressor response to arachidonic acid (50 or 150 microgram/kg iv) were observed in intact and castrated anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. The rank order of responsiveness was: castrate males, castrate females, females, males; all four groups were significantly different (P less than 0.05) at the higher dose. Castrated males pretreated with testosterone (1 mg/kg sc) 5 or 7 days previously gave a response at the higher arachidonate dose levels that was of the same order as that obtained with intact males. Similar treatment of castrate males with androgen potentiated (P less than 0.05) the vasopressor action of norepinephrine (0.25 microgram/kg) on day 7 after the testosterone pretreatment. In contrast, treatment with depot estradiol (100 microgram/kg sc) in castrate males produced no significant change in the response to either of the vasoactive compounds on both days 5 and 7 after pretreatment. These data suggest that testosterone may be a significant factor in the development of sex differences in the cardiovascular systems of rats.

Download Full-text

Acute stress imposed during adolescence yields heightened anxiety in Sprague Dawley rats that persists into adulthood: Sex differences and potential involvement of the Medial Amygdala

Brain Research ◽

10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146392 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1723 ◽

pp. 146392 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dennis F. Lovelock ◽

Terrence Deak

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Medial Amygdala ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Download Full-text

Sex-differences in the pharmacokinetics of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its metabolite 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) in Sprague–Dawley rats

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.06.361 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 189 ◽

pp. S112

Author(s):

Julien Fonsart ◽

Marie-Claude Menet ◽

Marcel Debray ◽

Florence Noble ◽

Jean-Michel Scherrmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Download Full-text

Sex differences in nitrosative stress during renal ischemia

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00503.2009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 299 (5) ◽

pp. R1387-R1395 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Francisca Rodríguez ◽

Susana Nieto-Cerón ◽

Francisco J. Fenoy ◽

Bernardo López ◽

Isabel Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Nitrosative Stress ◽

Differential Pulse ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Oxidative And Nitrosative Stress ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Oxide Synthase ◽

Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Females. suffer a less severe ischemic acute renal failure than males, apparently because of higher nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and/or lower levels of oxidative stress. Because the renal ischemic injury is associated with outer medullary (OM) endothelial dysfunction, the present study evaluated sex differences in OM changes of NO and peroxynitrite levels (by differential pulse voltammetry and amperometry, respectively) during 45 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) protein expression and their phosphorylated forms [peNOS(Ser1177) and pnNOS(Ser1417)], 3-nitrotyrosine, reduced sulfhydryl groups (-SH), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were also determined. No sex differences were observed in monomeric eNOS and nNOS expression, NO, or 3-nitrotyrosine levels in nonischemic kidneys, but renal -SH content was higher in females. Ischemia increased dimeric/monomeric eNOS and nNOS ratio more in females, but the dimeric phosphorylated peNOS(Ser1177) and pnNOS(Ser1417) forms rose similarly in both sexes, indicating no sex differences in nitric oxide synthase activation. However, NO levels increased more in females than in males (6,406.0 ± 742.5 and 4,058.2 ± 272.35 nmol/l respectively, P < 0.05), together with a lower increase in peroxynitrite current (5.5 ± 0.7 vs. 12.7 ± 1.5 nA, P < 0.05) and 3-nitrotyrosine concentration, (28.7 ± 3.7 vs. 48.7 ± 3.7 nmol/mg protein, P < 0.05) in females than in males and a better preserved GFR after ischemia in females than in males (689.7 ± 135.0 and 221.4 ± 52.5 μl·min−1·g kidney wt−1, P < 0.01). Pretreatment with the antioxidants N-acetyl-l-cysteine or ebselen abolished sex differences in peroxynitrite, nitrotyrosine, and GFR, suggesting that a greater oxidative and nitrosative stress worsens renal damage in males.

Download Full-text