Choreography of multiple omics reveals the mechanism of lipid turnover in Schizochytrium sp. S31

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 102182
Author(s):  
Ming Chang ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Leilei Li ◽  
Fei Lou ◽  
Meimei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Turnover

scholarly journals Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Subcutaneous and Omental Adipose Tissue Reveals Increased Lipid Turnover in Dairy Cows Supplemented with Conjugated Linoleic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3227
Author(s):  
Jayasimha Rayalu Daddam ◽  
Harald M. Hammon ◽  
Arnulf Tröscher ◽  
Laura Vogel ◽  
Martina Gnott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Phosphorylation Sites ◽  
Lipid Turnover

Phosphoproteomics is a cutting-edge technique that can be utilized to explore adipose tissue (AT) metabolism by quantifying the repertoire of phospho-peptides (PP) in AT. Dairy cows were supplemented with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, n = 5) or a control diet (CON, n = 5) from 63 d prepartum to 63 d postpartum; cows were slaughtered at 63 d postpartum and AT was collected. We performed a quantitative phosphoproteomics analysis of subcutaneous (SC) and omental (OM) AT using nanoUPLC-MS/MS and examined the effects of CLA supplementation on the change in the phosphoproteome. A total of 5919 PP were detected in AT, and the abundance of 854 (14.4%) were differential between CON and CLA AT (p ≤ 0.05 and fold change ± 1.5). The abundance of 470 PP (7.9%) differed between OM and SC AT, and the interaction treatment vs. AT depot was significant for 205 PP (3.5% of total PP). The integrated phosphoproteome demonstrated the up- and downregulation of PP from proteins related to lipolysis and lipogenesis, and phosphorylation events in multiple pathways, including the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, mTOR signaling, insulin signaling, AMPK signaling, and glycolysis. The differential regulation of phosphosite on a serine residue (S777) of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in AT of CLA-supplemented cows was related to lipogenesis and with more phosphorylation sites compared to acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (ACSS2). Increased protein phosphorylation was seen in acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA;8 PP), FASN (9 PP), hormone sensitive lipase (LIPE;6 PP), perilipin (PLIN;3 PP), and diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLA;1 PP) in CLA vs. CON AT. The relative gene expression in the SC and OM AT revealed an increase in LIPE and FASN in CLA compared to CON AT. In addition, the expression of DAGLA, which is a lipid metabolism enzyme related to the endocannabinoid system, was 1.6-fold higher in CLA vs. CON AT, and the expression of the cannabinoid receptor CNR1 was reduced in CLA vs. CON AT. Immunoblots of SC and OM AT showed an increased abundance of FASN and a lower abundance of CB1 in CLA vs. CON. This study presents a complete map of the SC and the OM AT phosphoproteome in dairy cows following CLA supplementation and discloses many unknown phosphorylation sites, suggestive of increased lipid turnover in AT, for further functional investigation.

scholarly journals Maternal obesity modulates intracellular lipid turnover in the human term placenta

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Hirschmugl ◽  
G Desoye ◽  
P Catalano ◽  
I Klymiuk ◽  
H Scharnagl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Intracellular Lipid ◽  
Human Term Placenta ◽  
Term Placenta ◽  
Lipid Turnover

scholarly journals Lipid turnover reflects life-cycle strategies of small-sized Arctic copepods

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauris Boissonnot ◽  
Barbara Niehoff ◽  
Wilhelm Hagen ◽  
Janne E. Søreide ◽  
Martin Graeve
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Lipid Turnover

High-Throughput Measurement of Lipid Turnover Rates Using Partial Metabolic Heavy Water Labeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 6509-6518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoungsook Goh ◽  
Jinwoo Kim ◽  
Seungwoo Seo ◽  
Tae-Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Water ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Lipid Turnover

scholarly journals The inositol 5-phosphatase SHIP2 is an effector of RhoA and is involved in cell polarity and migration

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 2593-2604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiro Kato ◽  
Tsubasa Yazawa ◽  
Kentaro Taki ◽  
Kazutaka Mori ◽  
Shujie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Gtpases ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Functional Interaction ◽  
Src Homology 2 ◽  
Motile Cells ◽  
Lipid Turnover ◽  
Src Homology ◽  
And Migration

Cell migration is essential for various physiological and pathological processes. Polarization in motile cells requires the coordination of several key signaling molecules, including RhoA small GTPases and phosphoinositides. Although RhoA participates in a front–rear polarization in migrating cells, little is known about the functional interaction between RhoA and lipid turnover. We find here that src-homology 2–containing inositol-5-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) interacts with RhoA in a GTP-dependent manner. The association between SHIP2 and RhoA is observed in spreading and migrating U251 glioma cells. The depletion of SHIP2 attenuates cell polarization and migration, which is rescued by wild-type SHIP2 but not by a mutant defective in RhoA binding. In addition, the depletion of SHIP2 impairs the proper localization of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, which is not restored by a mutant defective in RhoA binding. These results suggest that RhoA associates with SHIP2 to regulate cell polarization and migration.

Maize multi-omics reveal roles for autophagic recycling in proteome remodelling and lipid turnover

Nature Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1056-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fionn McLoughlin ◽  
Robert C. Augustine ◽  
Richard S. Marshall ◽  
Faqiang Li ◽  
Liam D. Kirkpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Turnover

Cell surface lipids and adhesion. IV. The effects of trypsin on lipid turnover by the plasmalemma

1979 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
A.S. Curtis ◽  
O. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Trypsin Treatment ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Coa Ligase ◽  
Surface Lipids ◽  
Lipid Turnover ◽  
Phospholipase A2 Activity

Trypsin treatment of intact cells or isolated plasmalemmae from embryonic chick neural retinae leads to an accumulation of lysophospholipids in the plasmalemmae. Trypsin was used at activities commonly used in cell disaggregation techniques. This accumulation appears to result from the decrease in acyltransferase activity in the plasmalemma produced by enzyme treatment. Plasmalemmal CoA ligase activity is not affected by trypsin treatment. Trypsinization has little effect on plasmalemmal phospholipase A2 activity. These results are discussed in relation to (a) the effects of trypsinization on cell adhesion, and (b) the theory that cells cannot adhere to lecithins because of their fluidity or surface-free-energy values. We propose that the effects of trypsinization on adhesion may in large part be due to the effects on other plasmalemmal proteins. Similarly the inability of cells to adhere to lecithin substrates is simply explained as being due to the lysolecithin that contacting cells release from these substrates.

scholarly journals NASH in Lean Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 086-095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramy Younes ◽  
Elisabetta Bugianesi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Turnover ◽  
Lean Nafld ◽  
Altered Lipid

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is generally associated with obesity and the related comorbidities but it can also develop in subjects with a body mass index (BMI) within the ethnic-specific cutoff of 25 kg/m2 BMI in Caucasian and 23 kg/m2 in Asian subjects, the so-called “lean” NAFLD. This sub-phenotype of NAFLD patients has been described across populations of different ethnicity, particularly in Asia, but it can be diagnosed in 10 to 20% of nonobese Americans and Caucasians. Pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning the “lean” phenotype are not completely understood, but they may include a more dysfunctional fat (visceral obesity, differences in adipocyte differentiation and altered lipid turnover), altered body composition (decreased muscle mass), a genetic background, not limited to patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) C > G polymorphisms, epigenetic changes occurring early in life and a different pattern of gut microbiota. Lean subjects with NAFLD have milder features of the metabolic syndrome when compared with obese patients. Nonetheless they have a higher prevalence of metabolic alterations (e.g., dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, and diabetes) compared with healthy controls. Data on histological severity are controversial, but they can develop the full spectrum of liver disease associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis NASH. Since lean NAFLD usually present with less obesity-related comorbidities, it is commonly believed that this group would follow a relatively benign clinical course but recent data challenge this concept. Here, the authors describe the current knowledge about NAFLD in lean individuals and highlight the unanswered questions and gaps in the field.

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