The role of visual and chemical cues in the mating decisions of satellite male horseshoe crabs, Limulus polyphemus

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Schwab ◽  
H. Jane Brockmann
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Limulus Polyphemus ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs

scholarly journals Male horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus use multiple sensory cues to locate mates

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine M. Saunders ◽  
H. Jane Brockmann ◽  
Winsor H. Watson ◽  
Steven H. Jury
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Limulus Polyphemus ◽  
Sensory Cues ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Cue Use ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs ◽  
Multisensory Cues ◽  
Attraction And Retention ◽  
Satellite Males ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract The use of multisensory cues to locate mates can increase an organism's success by acting as a back-up plan when one system fails, by providing additional information to the receiver, and by increasing their ability to detect mates using senses that have different ranges in a variable aquatic environment. In this contribution we review the sensory cues that male horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus are known to use when locating mates and then provide new data that shed light on this subject. During the breeding season, females migrate into shore during high tides to spawn. Males attach to females as they approach the beach or are attracted to pairs already spawning. Vision is well established as an important cue in attracting males. Although chemoreception is well known in other marine arthropods, and horseshoe crabs have the anatomy available, there are few studies on chemical cues in this species. Experiments are presented here that provide evidence for chemical cue use. We show that the attraction, and retention, of attached and satellite males to actively spawning females and mating pairs involves multimodal cues.

scholarly journals Orientation of larval and juvenile horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus to visual cues: Effects of chemical odors

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie M. Medina ◽  
Richard A. Tankersley
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Limulus Polyphemus ◽  
Visual Orientation ◽  
Offshore Water ◽  
Syringodium Filiforme ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs ◽  
Visual Targets

Abstract Adult horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus have long served as models for the study of vision in marine arthropods. Yet, little is known about the ability of early life history stages to detect and respond to visual cues. We examined the visually directed movements of larvae and first stage juveniles to horizons containing dark visual targets of different sizes. The study tested the hypotheses that (1) larval and juvenile crabs can detect and respond to visual targets and (2) the direction of orientation varies with the presence of chemical cues associated with settlement habitats. Orientation of larval and juvenile crabs to rectangles subtending angles from 30–330° was tested in a circular arena containing water that either lacked estuarine chemical cues (offshore water) or contained odors from aquatic vegetation or known predators. In the absence of chemical odors, larvae oriented toward and juveniles moved away from dark horizons subtending angles > 60°. When placed in water containing chemical odors from potential nursery habitats, including the seagrasses Halodule wrightii and Syringodium filiforme, crabs reversed their direction of orientation relative to their responses in offshore water. Odors from two known predators, the mummichug Fundulus grandis and blue crab Callinectes sapidus, had no affect on the orientation of larvae. Yet, juveniles responded to both odors by moving toward the visual target. Results support the hypothesis that the visual orientation of larval and juvenile horseshoe crabs changes upon exposure to habitat and predator cues and that the direction of the response undergoes an ontogenetic shift following metamorphosis.

scholarly journals The role of adult fiddler crab environmental acoustic cues and chemical cues in stimulating molting of field-caught megalopae

2021 ◽  
Vol 537 ◽  
pp. 151516
Author(s):  
Emily E. Waddell ◽  
Wendy E.D. Piniak ◽  
Kathleen A. Reinsel ◽  
James M. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Fiddler Crab ◽  
Acoustic Cues

scholarly journals Interactions of ants with native and invasive lady beetles and the role of chemical cues in intraguild interference

Chemoecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Bucher ◽  
Laura M. Japke ◽  
Ayse Gül Ünlü ◽  
Florian Menzel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Lady Beetle ◽  
Lasius Niger ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Beetle Elytra ◽  
Lady Beetles ◽  
Ant Aggression

AbstractThe predator-predator naïveté hypothesis suggests that non-native predators benefit from being unknown to native predators, resulting in reduced intraguild interference with native predators. This novelty advantage should depend on the ability of native predators to recognize cues of non-native predators. Here, we compared ant aggression and lady beetle reaction in four native and the invasive lady beetle species Harmonia axyridis. In addition, we tested whether lady beetle cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are involved in species recognition, which might explain naïveté if the invasive species has a specific CHC profile. To this end, we conducted behavioral assays confronting two native ant species with both living lady beetles and lady beetle elytra bearing or lacking CHCs of different lady beetle species. Finally, we characterized CHC profiles of the lady beetles using GC–MS. In general, the aggression of Lasius niger was more frequent than that of Myrmica rubra and L. niger aggression was more frequent towards most native lady beetle species compared to H. axyridis. The removal of CHCs from lady beetle elytra reduced aggression of both ant species. If CHCs of respective lady beetle species were added on cue-free elytra, natural strength of L. niger aggression could be restored. CHC analyses revealed a distinct cue composition for each lady beetle species. Our experiments demonstrate that the presence of chemical cues on the surface of lady beetles contribute to the strength of ant aggression against lady beetles. Reduced aggression of L. niger towards H. axyridis and reduced avoidance behavior in H. axyridis compared to the equally voracious C. septempunctata might improve the invasive lady beetle’s access to ant-tended aphids.

scholarly journals Role of Extracellular Matrix in Development and Cancer Progression

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Walker ◽  
Elijah Mojares ◽  
Armando del Río Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Biophysical Forces ◽  
Key Drivers

The immense diversity of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins confers distinct biochemical and biophysical properties that influence cell phenotype. The ECM is highly dynamic as it is constantly deposited, remodelled, and degraded during development until maturity to maintain tissue homeostasis. The ECM’s composition and organization are spatiotemporally regulated to control cell behaviour and differentiation, but dysregulation of ECM dynamics leads to the development of diseases such as cancer. The chemical cues presented by the ECM have been appreciated as key drivers for both development and cancer progression. However, the mechanical forces present due to the ECM have been largely ignored but recently recognized to play critical roles in disease progression and malignant cell behaviour. Here, we review the ways in which biophysical forces of the microenvironment influence biochemical regulation and cell phenotype during key stages of human development and cancer progression.

New insights into the evolution of lateral compound eyes in Palaeozoic horseshoe crabs

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell D C Bicknell ◽  
Lisa Amati ◽  
Javier Ortega-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Limulus Polyphemus ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Eye Evolution ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
Lateral Eye ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs

Abstract Vision allows animals to interact with their environment. Aquatic chelicerates dominate the early record of lateral compound eyes among non-biomineralizing crown-group euarthropods. Although the conservative morphology of lateral eyes in Xiphosura is potentially plesiomorphic for Euarthropoda, synziphosurine eye organization has received little attention despite their early diverging phylogenetic position. Here, we re-evaluate the fossil evidence for lateral compound eyes in the synziphosurines Bunodes sp., Cyamocephalus loganensis, Legrandella lombardii, Limuloides limuloides, Pseudoniscus clarkei, Pseudoniscus falcatus and Pseudoniscus roosevelti. We compare these data with lateral eyes in the euchelicerates Houia yueya, Kasibelinurus amicorum and Lunataspis aurora. We find no convincing evidence for lateral eyes in most studied taxa, and Pseudoniscus roosevelti and Legrandella lombardii are the only synziphosurines with this feature. Our findings support two scenarios for euchelicerate lateral eye evolution. The elongate-crescentic lateral eyes of Legrandella lombardii might represent the ancestral organization, as suggested by the phylogenetic position of this taxon in stem-group Euchelicerata. Alternatively, the widespread occurrence of kidney-shaped lateral eyes in stem-group Xiphosura and stem-group Arachnida could represent the plesiomorphic condition; Legrandella lombardii eyes would therefore be derived. Both evolutionary scenarios support the interpretation that kidney-shaped lateral eyes are ancestral for crown-group Euchelicerata and morphologically conserved in extant Limulus polyphemus.

Visual Performance of Horseshoe Crabs: Role of Underwater Lighting

1997 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Passaglia ◽  
M. E. McSweeney ◽  
K. M. Stewart ◽  
E. Kim ◽  
E. J. Mole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Performance ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs
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