scholarly journals Effects of climate and land use changes on water balance in upstream in the Chao Phraya River basin, Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pancheewan Ponpang-Nga ◽  
Jessada Techamahasaranont
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Chao Phraya River

scholarly journals A Physically Based Runoff Model Analysis of the Querétaro River Basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Javier Villa Alvarado ◽  
Eladio Delgadillo-Ruiz ◽  
Carlos Alberto Mastachi-Loza ◽  
Enrique González-Sosa ◽  
Ramos Salinas Norma Maricela
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Runoff Model

Today the knowledge of physical parameters of a basin is essential to know adequately the rainfall-runoff process; it is well known that the specific characteristics of each basin such as temperature, geographical location, and elevation above sea level affect the maximum discharge and the basin time response. In this paper a physically based model has been applied, to analyze water balance by evaluating the volume rainfall-runoff using SHETRAN and hydrometric data measurements in 2003. The results have been compared with five ETp different methodologies in the Querétaro river basin in central Mexico. With these results the main effort of the authorities should be directed to better control of land-use changes and to working permanently in the analysis of the related parameters, which will have a similar behavior to changes currently being introduced and presented in observed values in this basin. This methodology can be a strong base for sustainable water management in a basin, the prognosis and effect of land-use changes, and availability of water and also can be used to determine application of known basin parameters, basically depending on land-use, land-use changes, and climatological database to determine the water balance in a basin.

Flood Management in the Context of Climate and Land-Use Changes and Adaptation Within the Chao Phraya River Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-587
Author(s):  
Supattra Visessri ◽  
Chaiwat Ekkawatpanit ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Flood Impacts ◽  
Chao Phraya River

Floods are a regularly occurring form of natural disaster in Thailand. They commonly occur during the monsoon season. Although the Chao Phraya River basin is strategically important because it accommodates several primary sectors that form the backbone of the Thai economy, it is vulnerable to flooding. The causes of flooding in this basin are both natural and human-induced. Climate and land-use changes are believed to be factors that elevated the severity of recent flood events. In 2011, Thailand suffered the worst floods in half a century; this is ranked as among the top five costliest natural disaster events in modern history. Thailand has developed a number of structural and non-structural measures to prevent devastating flood impacts. This paper reviews the flood management and adaptation measures within the Chao Phraya River basin, serving as a stepping stone towards sustainability.

scholarly journals Modelling monthly runoff generation processes following land use changes: groundwater–surface runoff interactions

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bari ◽  
K. R. J. Smettem
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
Monthly Runoff ◽  
Stream Bed

Abstract. A conceptual water balance model is presented to represent changes in monthly water balance following land use changes. Monthly rainfall–runoff, groundwater and soil moisture data from four experimental catchments in Western Australia have been analysed. Two of these catchments, "Ernies" (control, fully forested) and "Lemon" (54% cleared) are in a zone of mean annual rainfall of 725 mm, while "Salmon" (control, fully forested) and "Wights" (100% cleared) are in a zone with mean annual rainfall of 1125 mm. At the Salmon forested control catchment, streamflow comprises surface runoff, base flow and interflow components. In the Wights catchment, cleared of native forest for pasture development, all three components increased, groundwater levels rose significantly and stream zone saturated area increased from 1% to 15% of the catchment area. It took seven years after clearing for the rainfall–runoff generation process to stabilise in 1984. At the Ernies forested control catchment, the permanent groundwater system is 20 m below the stream bed and so does not contribute to streamflow. Following partial clearing of forest in the Lemon catchment, groundwater rose steadily and reached the stream bed by 1987. The streamflow increased in two phases: (i) immediately after clearing due to reduced evapotranspiration, and (ii) through an increase in the groundwater-induced stream zone saturated area after 1987. After analysing all the data available, a conceptual monthly model was created, comprising four inter-connecting stores: (i) an upper zone unsaturated store, (ii) a transient stream zone store, (ii) a lower zone unsaturated store and (iv) a saturated groundwater store. Data such as rooting depth, Leaf Area Index, soil porosity, profile thickness, depth to groundwater, stream length and surface slope were incorporated into the model as a priori defined attributes. The catchment average values for different stores were determined through matching observed and predicted monthly hydrographs. The observed and predicted monthly runoff for all catchments matched well with coefficients of determination (R2) ranging from 0.68 to 0.87. Predictions were relatively poor for: (i) the Ernies catchment (lowest rainfall, forested), and (ii) months with very high flows. Overall, the predicted mean annual streamflow was within ±8% of the observed values. Keywords: monthly streamflow, land use change, conceptual model, data-based approach, groundwater

scholarly journals Modeling Land Use Changes and their Impacts on Non-Point Source Pollution in a Southeast China Coastal Watershed

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Yuqi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Point Source ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Coastal Watershed ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Changes in landscape patterns in a river basin play a crucial role in the change on load of non-point source pollution. The spatial distribution of various land use types affects the transmission of non-point source pollutants on the basis of source-sink theory in landscape ecology. Jiulong River basin in southeast of China was selected as the study area in this paper. Aiming to analyze the correlation between changing landscape patterns and load of non-point source pollution in this area, traditional landscape metrics and the improved location-weighted landscape contrast index based on the minimum hydrological response unit (HRULCI) were applied in this study, in combination with remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technique. The results of the landscape metrics showed the enhanced fragmentation extent and the decreasing polymerization degree of the overall landscape in the watershed. High values of HRULCI were concentrated in cultivated land, while low HRULCI values mostly appeared in forestland, indicating that cultivated land substantially enhanced non-point source pollution, while forestland inhibited the pollution process.

The Chao Phraya River Basin: water quality and anthropogenic influences

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1287-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuanchan Singkran ◽  
Pitchaya Anantawong ◽  
Naree Intharawichian ◽  
Karika Kunta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Chao Phraya River

Abstract Land use influences and trends in water quality parameters were determined for the Chao Phraya River, Thailand. Dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) showed significant trends (R2 ≥ 0.5) across the year, while total phosphorus (TP) and faecal coliform bacteria (FCB) showed significant trends only in the wet season. DO increased, but BOD, NO3-N, and TP decreased, from the lower section (river kilometres (rkm) 7–58 from the river mouth) through the middle section (rkm 58–143) to the upper section (rkm 143–379) of the river. Lead and mercury showed weak/no trends (R2 < 0.5). Based on the river section, major land use groups were a combination of urban and built-up areas (43%) and aquaculture (21%) in the lower river basin, paddy fields (56%) and urban and built-up areas (21%) in the middle river basin, and paddy fields (44%) and other agricultural areas (34%) in the upper river basin. Most water quality and land use attributes had significantly positive or negative correlations (at P ≤ 0.05) among each other. The river was in crisis because of high FCB concentrations. Serious measures are suggested to manage FCB and relevant human activities in the river basin.

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