scholarly journals The role of gauge symmetry in spintronics

2011 ◽  
Vol 326 (12) ◽  
pp. 3067-3074 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Sobreiro ◽  
V.J. Vasquez Otoya
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry

scholarly journals Background independence in string theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 1847026
Author(s):  
Olaf Hohm
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Einstein Gravity ◽  
Background Independence ◽  
Gauge Symmetries ◽  
Higher Derivative ◽  
Invariant Formulation

I discuss various aspects of background independence in the context of string theory, for which so far we have no manifestly background independent formulation. After reviewing the role of background independence in classical Einstein gravity, I discuss recent results implying that there is a conflict in string theory between manifest background independence and manifest duality invariance when higher-derivative corrections are included. The resolution of this conflict requires the introduction of new gauge degrees of freedom together with an enlarged gauge symmetry. This suggests more generally that a manifestly background independent and duality invariant formulation of string theory requires significantly enhanced gauge symmetries.

scholarly journals Two Types of Jets and Quark and Chromon Model in QCD

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Yongmin Cho
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Gauge Field ◽  
Quark Model ◽  
Feynman Diagram ◽  
Reflection Symmetry ◽  
Abelian Decomposition

We discuss the importance of the color reflection symmetry of the Abelian decomposition in QCD. The Abelian decomposition breaks up the color gauge field to three parts, the neuron, chromon, and the topological monopole, gauge independently. Moreover, it refines the Feynman diagram in such a way that the conservation of color is explicit. This leads us to generalize the quark model to the quark and chromon model. We show how the Abelian decomposition reduces the non-Abelian color gauge symmetry to the simple discrete 24 element color reflection symmetry which assumes the role of the color gauge symmetry and plays the central role in the quark and chromon model.

scholarly journals A NOTE ON THE LOCALLY LINEAR EMBEDDING ALGORITHM

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 1739-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
WOJCIECH CHOJNACKI ◽  
MICHAEL J. BROOKS
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Grassmann Manifold ◽  
Locally Linear Embedding ◽  
Embedding Technique ◽  
Data Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Linear Embedding ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Locally Linear

The paper presents mathematical underpinnings of the locally linear embedding technique for data dimensionality reduction. It is shown that a cogent framework for describing the method is that of optimization on a Grassmann manifold. The solution delivered by the algorithm is characterized as a constrained minimizer for a problem in which the cost function and all the constraints are defined on such a manifold. The role of the internal gauge symmetry in solving the underlying optimization problem is illuminated.

scholarly journals MASS GENERATION AND THE DYNAMICAL ROLE OF THE KATOPTRON GROUP

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE TRIANTAPHYLLOU
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Higgs Sector ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Mass Generation ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Gauge Interaction

Heavy mirror fermions along with a new strong gauge interaction capable of breaking the electroweak gauge symmetry dynamically were recently introduced under the name of katoptrons. Their main function is to provide a viable alternative to the Standard-Model Higgs sector. In such a framework, ordinary fermions acquire masses after the breaking of the strong katoptron group which allows mixing with their katoptron partners. The purpose of this letter is to study the elementary-scalars-free mechanism responsible for this breaking and its implications for the fermion mass hierarchies.

scholarly journals Modular origin of mass hierarchy: Froggatt-Nielsen like mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Kuranaga ◽  
Hiroshi Ohki ◽  
Shohei Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Double Covering ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Mixing Angles ◽  
Quark Sector ◽  
High Energies ◽  
Common Representation ◽  
Modular Groups ◽  
Covering Groups

Abstract We study Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) like flavor models with modular symmetry. The FN mechanism is a convincing solution to the flavor puzzle in the quark sector. The FN mechanism requires an extra U(1) gauge symmetry which is broken at high energies. Alternatively, in the framework of modular symmetry the modular weights can play the role of the FN charges of the extra U(1) symmetry. Based on the FN-like mechanism with modular symmetry we present new flavor models for the quark sector. Assuming that the three generations have a common representation under the modular symmetry, our models simply reproduce the FN-like Yukawa matrices. We also show that the realistic mass hierarchy and mixing angles, which are related to each other through the modular parameters and a scalar vev, can be realized in models with several finite modular groups (and their double covering groups) without unnatural hierarchical parameters.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

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