A priori determination of the elastic and acoustic responses of periodic poroelastic materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 107455
Author(s):  
Sagar Deshmukh ◽  
Ankush Borkar ◽  
Alankar Alankar ◽  
Shankar Krishnan ◽  
Sripriya Ramamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Poroelastic Materials ◽  
Acoustic Responses

scholarly journals Estimation of the mean normal measure from flat sections

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Markus Kiderlen
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
The Other ◽  
Consistent Estimator ◽  
Random Set ◽  
Normal Measure ◽  
Mild Assumption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vertical Sections ◽  
Almost All

We discuss the determination of the mean normal measure of a stationary random set Z ⊂ ℝ d by taking measurements at the intersections of Z with k-dimensional planes. We show that mean normal measures of sections with vertical planes determine the mean normal measure of Z if k ≥ 3 or if k = 2 and an additional mild assumption holds. The mean normal measures of finitely many flat sections are not sufficient for this purpose. On the other hand, a discrete mean normal measure can be verified (i.e. an a priori guess can be confirmed or discarded) using mean normal measures of intersections with m suitably chosen planes when m ≥ ⌊d / k⌋ + 1. This even holds for almost all m-tuples of k-dimensional planes are viable for verification. A consistent estimator for the mean normal measure of Z, based on stereological measurements in vertical sections, is also presented.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ALKALINITY AND DISSOCIATION CONSTANTS OF HIGH SALINITY WATERS: USE OF F5BC TITRATION FUNCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Bernadete F. Cavalcanti ◽  
Lourdes Cristina Lucena Agostinho ◽  
Luciano Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Liquid Junction ◽  
Carbonate System ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Apparent Dissociation Constant ◽  
Junction Potential

Measurements of parameters expressed in terms of carbonic species such as Alkalinity and Acidity of saline waters do not analyze the influence of external parameters to the titration such as Total free and associated Carbonic Species Concentration, activity coefficient, ion pairing formation and Residual Liquid Junction Potential in pH measurements. This paper shows the development of F5BC titration function based on the titrations developed by Gran (1952) for the carbonate system of natural waters. For practical use, samples of saline watersfrom Pocinhos reservoir in Paraiba were submitted to titration and linear regression analysis. Results showed that F5BC involves F1x and F2x Gran functions determination, respectively, for Alkalinity and Acidity calculations without knowing “a priori” the endpoint of the titration. F5BC also allows the determination of the First and Second Apparent Dissociation Constant of the carbonate system of saline and high ionic strength waters.

scholarly journals Effect of material properties on optimal radial strain gage locations in sharp V-notched configurations

2018 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 03002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranjol Paul ◽  
K.S.R. Krishna Murthy ◽  
Debabrata Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gage ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Radial Strain ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Conference Paper ◽  
Notch Angle ◽  
Notch Stress ◽  
Notch Length

A simple yet reliable and powerful methodology using only one strain gage has been recommended for appropriate determination of notch stress intensity factor (NSIF) for sharp V-notched configurations subjected to mode I condition. The methodology is supported by strong theoretical postulates, and it permits the gage to be pasted prominently apart from tip of the notch thus avoiding various problems associated with singularities. Unlike the conventional methodologies, the recommended strain gage methodology also proposes optimal radial strain gage locations which are beneficial in appropriate determination of NSIFs. A FEM based numerical approach is adopted for obtaining optimal radial gage locations a priori for the aforesaid configuration. The optimal radial gage locations are observed to be influenced by parameters viz. the notch angle, the ratio of notch length to width of the plate and also material properties. Results were already published by the authors to establish that the optimal radial gage locations are influenced by the notch angle and the ratio of notch length to width of the plate. In this conference paper, a case is studied with a completely different material to check whether material properties influence the graphical trends of results or not.

scholarly journals A new lidar inversion method using a surface reference target applied to the backscattering coefficient and lidar ratio retrievals of a fog-oil plume at short range

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1921-1935
Author(s):  
Florian Gaudfrin ◽  
Olivier Pujol ◽  
Romain Ceolato ◽  
Guillaume Huss ◽  
Nicolas Riviere
Keyword(s):  
Short Range ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Backscattering Coefficient ◽  
Reference Target ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Lidar Ratio ◽  
Aerosol Plume ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. In this paper, a new elastic lidar inversion equation is presented. It is based on the backscattering signal from a surface reference target (SRT) rather than that from a volumetric layer of reference (Rayleigh molecular scatterer) as is usually done. The method presented can be used when the optical properties of such a layer are not available, e.g., in the case of airborne elastic lidar measurements or when the lidar–target line is horizontal Also, a new algorithm is described to retrieve the lidar ratio and the backscattering coefficient of an aerosol plume without any a priori assumptions about the plume. In addition, our algorithm allows a determination of the instrumental constant. This algorithm is theoretically tested, viz. by means of simulated lidar profiles and then using real measurements. Good agreement with available data in the literature has been found.

scholarly journals A procedure for meaningful unsupervised clustering and its application for solvent classification

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Pushkarova ◽  
Yuriy Kholin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Initial Distribution ◽  
C60 Fullerene ◽  
Classification Problems ◽  
Probabilistic Networks ◽  
Reliable Classification ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Number Of Classes

AbstractArtificial neural networks have proven to be a powerful tool for solving classification problems. Some difficulties still need to be overcome for their successful application to chemical data. The use of supervised neural networks implies the initial distribution of patterns between the pre-determined classes, while attribution of objects to the classes may be uncertain. Unsupervised neural networks are free from this problem, but do not always reveal the real structure of data. Classification algorithms which do not require a priori information about the distribution of patterns between the pre-determined classes and provide meaningful results are of special interest. This paper presents an approach based on the combination of Kohonen and probabilistic networks which enables the determination of the number of classes and the reliable classification of objects. This is illustrated for a set of 76 solvents based on nine characteristics. The resulting classification is chemically interpretable. The approach proved to be also applicable in a different field, namely in examining the solubility of C60 fullerene. The solvents belonging to the same group demonstrate similar abilities to dissolve C60. This makes it possible to estimate the solubility of fullerenes in solvents for which there are no experimental data

Using a Priori Information in Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Complex Samples

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (B) ◽  
pp. 1205-1209
Author(s):  
I. A. Kondurov ◽  
P. A. Sushkov ◽  
T. M. Tjukavina ◽  
G. I. Shulyak
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
A Priori Information ◽  
Complex Samples ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Edxrf Analysis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Priori Information

In multielement EDXRF analysis of very complex unknowns, some problems in data evaluation may be simplified if one can take into account a priori information on the properties of the incident and detected radiations, and also available data on the matrix of the sample. The number of variables can be drastically shortened in the LSM procedures in this case. One of the best examples of complex unknowns is the determination of the rare earth element content of ores, and most recently in samples of high temperature superconductors (HiTc).

Abstract interpretation by dynamic partitioning

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Bourdoncle
Keyword(s):  
Data Structures ◽  
Abstract Interpretation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Minimal Function ◽  
Infinite Domains ◽  
Dynamic Partitioning ◽  
Abstract Domains ◽  
Using Data ◽  
New Framework

AbstractThe essential part of abstract interpretation is to build a machine-representable abstract domain expressing interesting properties about the possible states reached by a program at runtime. Many techniques have been developed which assume that one knows in advance the class of properties that are of interest. There are cases however when there are no a priori indications about the 'best' abstract properties to use. We introduce a new framework that enables non-unique representations of abstract program properties to be used, and expose a method, called dynamic partitioning, that allows the dynamic determination of interesting abstract domains using data structures built over simpler domains. Finally, we show how dynamic partitioning can be used to compute non-trivial approximations of functions over infinite domains and give an application to the computation of minimal function graphs.

Determination of Hydraulic Permeability Based on the Measurements of Outflow

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Jozef Kačur ◽  
Jozef Minár
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Flow ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Hydraulic Permeability ◽  
Infinite Dimensional ◽  
Tuning Parameters ◽  
Finite Dimensional ◽  
Partially Saturated Porous Media ◽  
The Cost

In this paper we present a method for the determination of the hydraulic permeability for flow in partially saturated porous media. The dependence of hydraulic permeability on effective saturation is not assumed to be a member of any specific finite dimensional class of functions (e.g. vanGenuchten-Mualem, Burdin-Mualem, Brook-Corey). Instead, an infinite dimensional space of functions with limited a priori assumptions (e.g. smoothness, monotonicity) is considered. Consequently, we face a more challenging problem compared to the finite-dimensional case, in which only few tuning parameters need to be determined. We consider the case of 1D unsaturated flow and assume that the data are collected at the outflow of the sample. The hydraulic permeability is determined in an iterative way. We minimize the cost functional reflecting the discrepancy between the measured and computed data. In doing so, we use the Gateaux differential to obtain the direction of the descent.

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