High Correlation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Viral Load Measured in Dried-Blood Spot Samples and in Plasma under Different Storage Conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Tereza Alvarez-Muñoz ◽  
Silvia Zaragoza-Rodríguez ◽  
Othón Rojas-Montes ◽  
Gerardo Palacios-Saucedo ◽  
Guillermo Vázquez-Rosales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blood Spot

scholarly journals Application of Dried Blood Spot Specimens for Serologic Subtyping of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Thailand

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 804-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chanbancherd ◽  
A. E. Brown ◽  
R. Trichavaroj ◽  
P. Tienamporn ◽  
P. Puthakird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
V3 Loop ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Blood Spot

Dried blood spot (DBS) specimens were assessed as an alternative to plasma for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) serotyping by V3 loop peptide enzyme immunoassay. Nested PCR capable of distinguishing HIV-1 subtypes B and E was used as the reference standard. Ninety-two percent of DBS samples were typeable as either HIV-1 subtype B or E. Serotype results with DBS and plasma were identical for 254 of 257 specimens. A simple DBS collection method provides a convenient alternative for conducting HIV-1 serotype surveillance while retaining sensitivity and specificity.

Measuring human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA loads in dried blood spot specimens using NucliSENS EasyQ HIV-1 v2.0

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter van Deursen ◽  
Tom Oosterlaken ◽  
Patrice Andre ◽  
André Verhoeven ◽  
Lieke Bertens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Blood Spot

scholarly journals Breadth of Neutralizing Antibody Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Is Affected by Factors Early in Infection but Does Not Influence Disease Progression

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (19) ◽  
pp. 10269-10274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Piantadosi ◽  
Dana Panteleeff ◽  
Catherine A. Blish ◽  
Jared M. Baeten ◽  
Walter Jaoko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT The determinants of a broad neutralizing antibody (NAb) response and its effect on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progression are not well defined, partly because most prior studies of a broad NAb response were cross-sectional. We examined correlates of NAb response breadth among 70 HIV-infected, antiretroviral-naïve Kenyan women from a longitudinal seroincident cohort. NAb response breadth was measured 5 years after infection against five subtype A viruses and one subtype B virus. Greater NAb response breadth was associated with a higher viral load set point and greater HIV-1 env diversity early in infection. However, greater NAb response breadth was not associated with a delayed time to a CD4+ T-cell count of <200, antiretroviral therapy, or death. Thus, a broad NAb response results from a high level of antigenic stimulation early in infection, which likely accounts for prior observations that greater NAb response breadth is associated with a higher viral load later in infection.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 antibodies detection in dried whole blood spots (dbs) samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Cauduro de Castro ◽  
Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges ◽  
Ricardo da Silva de Souza ◽  
Melina Grudzinski ◽  
Pedro Alves D'Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blood Spot ◽  
Antibodies Detection

Human Immunodeficiency Vírus Type 1 and 2 antibodies detection was performed in 457 dried whole blood spots samples (S&S 903). Q-Preven HIV 1+2 was the screening test used. The results were compared with the gold standard serum tests by ELISA (Cobas Core e Axsym HIV1/2 gO) and imunofluorescence was the definitive confirmatory test. The samples were obtained from the Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição in Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil, through whole blood transfer to filter paper card and sent to Caxias do Sul, RS - Brazil where the tests were performed. The dried whole blood spot stability was evaluated with two different panels. The first one was composed of five negative and five positive samples stored at room temperature, 4 ºC, -20 ºC and -70 ºC, while the second was composed of two negative and three positive samples stored at 37 ºC (humidity <50%). Each sample was screened every week for six weeks. These measurement results didn't show variation during the study period. The detected sensibility was 100%, specificity was 99.6%, the positive predictive value was 99.5% and negative predictive values were 100%. The results demonstrated high performance characteristics, opening a new perspective of dried whole blood spot utilization in HIV screening diagnosis.

scholarly journals Identification of Sequential Viral Escape Mutants Associated with Altered T-Cell Responses in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Individual

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (23) ◽  
pp. 12430-12440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Geels ◽  
Marion Cornelissen ◽  
Hanneke Schuitemaker ◽  
Kiersten Anderson ◽  
David Kwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Viral Escape ◽  
Ctl Epitopes ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Control of viremia in natural human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in humans is associated with a virus-specific T-cell response. However, still much is unknown with regard to the extent of CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses required to successfully control HIV-1 infection and to what extent CTL epitope escape can account for rises in viral load and ultimate progression to disease. In this study, we chose to monitor through full-length genome sequence of replication-competent biological clones the modifications that occurred within predicted CTL epitopes and to identify whether the alterations resulted in epitope escape from CTL recognition. From an extensive analysis of 59 biological HIV-1 clones generated over a period of 4 years from a single individual in whom the viral load was observed to rise, we identified the locations in the genome of five CD8+ CTL epitopes. Fixed mutations were identified within the p17, gp120, gp41, Nef, and reverse transcriptase genes. Using a gamma interferon ELIspot assay, we identified for four of the five epitopes with fixed mutations a complete loss of T-cell reactivity against the wild-type epitope and a partial loss of reactivity against the mutant epitope. These results demonstrate the sequential accumulation of CTL escape in a patient during disease progression, indicating that multiple combinations of T-cell epitopes are required to control viremia.

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