Field defect in esophageal cancer: A stochastic evolution in cancer biology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dany K. Barrak ◽  
Romina Deldar ◽  
Sarah A. Halbert ◽  
Puja Gaur Khaitan
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Stochastic Evolution ◽  
Field Defect

Analysis of gene copy number in esophageal patient-derived tumor xenografts.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13648-e13648
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Lukbanova ◽  
Natalya N. Timoshkina ◽  
Evgeniy N. Kolesnikov ◽  
Mikhail A Kozhushko ◽  
Sergei Kit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Normal Donor ◽  
Relative Copy Number ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Pdx Models

e13648 Background: Patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models are a valuable resource for studying cancer biology and antitumor drug evaluation. The suitability of tumor models in vivo depends on how accurately they mimic a human disease and reproduce the histotype and molecular genetic features of a human tumor. The purpose of the study was to create a PDX model of human cancer and analyze its characteristics. Methods: PDX models of esophageal cancer were obtained by transplanting a tumor fragment from a patient with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma to the BALB/c Nude athymic mice (n = 10 for one PDX generation). Preservation of the tumor histotype was confirmed histologically (hematoxylin and eosin staining). 5 PDX were generated. An analysis of the relative copy number of the YAP1 and KDM6A genes (Real-Time qPCR) in xenograft and donor tumor tissues was performed in each generation. Results: A decrease in the copy numbers of the YAP1 and KDM6A genes by 3.8 and 2.2 times, respectively, was observed in PDX tumor samples (F3 generation) compared to normal donor tissues (p < 0.05). This trend maintained in F4 and F5 generation PDX samples. No changes in the copy numbers of the YAP1 and KDM6A genes were detected in PDX tumor samples in F1 and F2 generations. A cluster analysis (Hierarchical Clustering, Euclidean distance) demonstrated that samples of the first and second generations of esophageal cancer PDX models were closest to the patient tumor tissues in gene copy numbers. Conclusions: Later generations of esophageal cancer PDX models are characterized by changes in the genes copy numbers due to changes in the tumor and clonal selection. Early PDX generations better reproduce genetic, molecular and morphological features of tumors.

scholarly journals Endoglin promoter hypermethylation identifies a field defect in human primary esophageal cancer

Cancer ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 119 (20) ◽  
pp. 3604-3609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Jin ◽  
Zhenfu Zhao ◽  
Yulan Cheng ◽  
Ming Dong ◽  
Xiaojing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Promoter Hypermethylation ◽  
Field Defect

scholarly journals Predictors of Radiation Therapy Incompletion Among Patients With Esophageal Cancer in Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 30s-30s
Author(s):  
Melody J. Xu ◽  
Beatrice Mushi ◽  
Sarah Kutika ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Katrina Deardorff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Palliative Therapy ◽  
Concurrent Chemotherapy ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms

Abstract 96 Purpose The incidence of esophageal cancer in East Africa is disproportionately high. In Tanzania, radiation therapy (RT) is routinely offered for definitive and palliative therapy; however, many patients do not complete RT or die shortly thereafter. The current study aimed to characterize RT treatment patterns in Tanzania and identify predictive factors for RT incompletion. Methods We performed a retrospective chart abstraction for patients with esophageal cancer who were treated with RT at a national referral cancer center in Tanzania from 2011 to 2013. Definitive intent was defined as RT prescriptions with at least 20 fractions with concurrent chemotherapy. Other fractionation regimens were considered palliative. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, χ2 tests, and logistic regression models were used to identify factors that are associated with palliative or definitive RT incompletion. Results A total of 300 patients—202 male and 98 female patients—were identified with a median age of 60 years (interquartile range [IQR], 48 to 70 years). Nearly 100% (299 of 300) of patients reported dysphagia to solids, and 54% (155 of 288) reported dysphagia to liquids. Median duration of symptoms before presentation was 4 months (IQR, 2 to 6 months), and median time from diagnosis to RT was 1.2 months (IQR, 0.8 to 1.9 months). Overall, 23% were unable to complete RT as a result of death or clinical decompensation. Palliative treatment was administered to 149 patients, and 26% did not complete RT. Definitive treatment was administered to 151 patients, and 20% did not complete RT ( P = .24). Patients younger than age 60 years were less likely to complete palliative RT (odds ratio [OR], 2.4; P = .02). Tobacco use (OR, 2.7; P = .04) and RT initiation within 30 days of diagnosis (OR, 3.5; P = .004) were associated with incomplete definitive RT. Conclusion In Tanzania, approximately 23% of patients die or decompensate before completing esophageal RT. Patients younger than age 60 years were less likely to complete palliative RT. Tobacco use and RT initiation within 30 days of diagnosis was associated with definitive treatment incompletion, perhaps reflecting differences in cancer biology or pace of disease. Additional understanding of how these factors contribute to RT incompletion may inform supportive care resource allocation and patient selection for esophageal RT in Tanzania and similar resource-limited settings. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST No COIs were provided by the authors.

Functional information from magnetic resonance imaging

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Alan P. Koretsky ◽  
Afonso Costa e Silva ◽  
Yi-Jen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Functional Information ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Resolution Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become established as an important imaging modality for the clinical management of disease. This is primarily due to the great tissue contrast inherent in magnetic resonance images of normal and diseased organs. Due to the wide availability of high field magnets and the ability to generate large and rapidly switched magnetic field gradients there is growing interest in applying high resolution MRI to obtain microscopic information. This symposium on MRI microscopy highlights new developments that are leading to increased resolution. The application of high resolution MRI to significant problems in developmental biology and cancer biology will illustrate the potential of these techniques.In combination with a growing interest in obtaining high resolution MRI there is also a growing interest in obtaining functional information from MRI. The great success of MRI in clinical applications is due to the inherent contrast obtained from different tissues leading to anatomical information.

Considerations in Dysphagia Management Following Esophagectomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Evangelista ◽  
James L. Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ◽  
Esophageal Resection ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Swallowing Difficulties ◽  
Epidemiological Impact ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Management Of Dysphagia

Esophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of death from cancer worldwide. Esophageal resection is the mainstay treatment for cancers of the esophagus. While curative, surgical resection may result in swallowing difficulties that require intervention from speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Minimally invasive surgical procedures for esophageal resection have aimed to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with more invasive techniques. Both intra-operative and post-operative complications, regardless of the surgical approach, can result in dysphagia. This article will review the epidemiological impact of esophageal cancers, operative complications resulting in dysphagia, and clinical assessment and management of dysphagia pertinent to esophageal resection.

Does Preop Induction Therapy Work for Esophageal Cancer?

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (15) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
MARK S. LESNEY
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Induction Therapy

Biomarker May Help Predict Esophageal Cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (15) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
JEFF EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer
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