Brain electrical dynamics in speech segmentation depends upon prior experience with the language

Rapid Serial Auditory Presentation

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000295 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 346-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ana Franco ◽

Julia Eberlen ◽

Arnaud Destrebecqz ◽

Axel Cleeremans ◽

Julie Bertels

Keyword(s):

Statistical Learning ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Visual Presentation ◽

Detection Task ◽

Speech Segmentation ◽

Auditory Presentation ◽

Indirect Measure ◽

Speech Stream ◽

Adult Participants ◽

Presentation Procedure

Abstract. The Rapid Serial Visual Presentation procedure is a method widely used in visual perception research. In this paper we propose an adaptation of this method which can be used with auditory material and enables assessment of statistical learning in speech segmentation. Adult participants were exposed to an artificial speech stream composed of statistically defined trisyllabic nonsense words. They were subsequently instructed to perform a detection task in a Rapid Serial Auditory Presentation (RSAP) stream in which they had to detect a syllable in a short speech stream. Results showed that reaction times varied as a function of the statistical predictability of the syllable: second and third syllables of each word were responded to faster than first syllables. This result suggests that the RSAP procedure provides a reliable and sensitive indirect measure of auditory statistical learning.

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Patient Involvement in Treatment Decision Making Can Help or Hinder Placebo Analgesia

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000179 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 222 (3) ◽

pp. 165-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew L. Geers ◽

Jason P. Rose ◽

Stephanie L. Fowler ◽

Jill A. Brown

Keyword(s):

Patient Involvement ◽

Cold Water ◽

Prior Experience ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Treatment Decision ◽

Cold Water Immersion ◽

Not Given ◽

Placebo Analgesia ◽

Treatment Decision Making ◽

Immersion Experience

Experiments have found that choosing between placebo analgesics can reduce pain more than being assigned a placebo analgesic. Because earlier research has shown prior experience moderates choice effects in other contexts, we tested whether prior experience with a pain stimulus moderates this placebo-choice association. Before a cold water pain task, participants were either told that an inert cream would reduce their pain or they were not told this information. Additionally, participants chose between one of two inert creams for the task or they were not given choice. Importantly, we also measured prior experience with cold water immersion. Individuals with prior cold water immersion experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia when given choice, whereas participants without this experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia without choice. Prior stimulus experience appears to moderate the effect of choice on placebo analgesia.

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In a Working Mood?

Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications ◽

10.1027/1864-1105.20.1.3 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 3-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Leonard Reinecke ◽

Sabine Trepte

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Task ◽

Prior Experience ◽

Computer Game ◽

Control Group ◽

Mood Management ◽

Management Processes ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Personal Media ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Subsequent Task

Abstract. This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of exposure to a computer game on arousal and subsequent task performance. After inducing a state of low arousal, participants were assigned to experimental or control conditions via self-selection. Members of the experimental group played a computer game for five minutes; subjects in the control group spent the same amount of time awaiting further instructions. Participants who were exposed to the computer game showed significantly higher levels of arousal and performed significantly better on a subsequent cognitive task. The pattern of results was not influenced by the participants' prior experience with the game. The findings indicate that mood-management processes associated with personal media use at the workplace go beyond the alteration of arousal and affect subsequent cognitive performance.

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