THE EFFECT OF PRIOR EXPERIENCE ON ACQUIRING SKILL ON A SIMULATED INERTIAL CONTROL TASK.

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD GEISELHART
Keyword(s):  
Prior Experience ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Inertial Control

The Effect of An Internal Model on Subsequent Learning

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray E. Eberts
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Internal Model ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Internal Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Discrete Task ◽  
Previous Training

The purpose of this experiment was to compare the learning performance on a discrete second order control task between an experienced group of subjects, who had generated both accurate and inaccurate internal models through prior experience, to a group of subjects who had little prior experience and no model of the system dynamics. The 48 subjects were divided into six groups of eight subjects each. Three of the groups, the experienced groups, had previous training in a continuous control task and the other three groups, the no experience groups, had only a few trials on the continuous control task. The results showed that all three experienced groups learned the new discrete task faster than the no experience groups; the no experience groups actually got slightly worse with practice. It was concluded that an internal model, even an inaccurate one, provides a reference for subjects which can be used to analyze and improve their performance.

scholarly journals Human Performance Consequences of Automated Decision Aids

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Manzey ◽  
Juliane Reichenbach ◽  
Linda Onnasch
Keyword(s):  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Manual Control ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Performance Consequences ◽  
System Information ◽  
Manual Performance

Two experiments are reported that investigate to what extent performance consequences of automated aids are dependent on the distribution of functions between human and automation and on the experience an operator has with an aid. In the first experiment, performance consequences of three automated aids for the support of a supervisory control task were compared. Aids differed in degree of automation (DOA). Compared with a manual control condition, primary and secondary task performance improved and subjective workload decreased with automation support, with effects dependent on DOA. Performance costs include return-to-manual performance issues that emerged for the most highly automated aid and effects of complacency and automation bias, respectively, which emerged independent of DOA. The second experiment specifically addresses how automation bias develops over time and how this development is affected by prior experience with the system. Results show that automation failures entail stronger effects than positive experience (reliably working aid). Furthermore, results suggest that commission errors in interaction with automated aids can depend on three sorts of automation bias effects: (a) withdrawal of attention in terms of incomplete cross-checking of information, (b) active discounting of contradictory system information, and (c) inattentive processing of contradictory information analog to a “looking-but-not-seeing” effect.

scholarly journals Towards a Model of Automation Adoption

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1450-1454
Author(s):  
Ian McCandliss ◽  
Kevin Zish ◽  
J. Malcolm McCurry ◽  
J. Gregory Trafton
Keyword(s):  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
New Product ◽  
Mixed Design ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Design Study ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of prior experience on the adoption of automation in a supervisory control task. Automation is typically implemented as a means of reducing a person’s effort or involvement in a task. When automation is first introduced in a new product, the experience on the yet-to-be automated task is variable. Some users have experience with the task prior to the automation while others have little to no prior experience. Automation adoption between levels of experience was investigated in a mixed design study. One group was trained to use a manual version of a task before learning of an automated version. A second group was only trained to use the automated version of the task. The results of this study indicate that both training and experience are needed before users can make robust predictions about future automation adoption.

Patient Involvement in Treatment Decision Making Can Help or Hinder Placebo Analgesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Geers ◽  
Jason P. Rose ◽  
Stephanie L. Fowler ◽  
Jill A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Patient Involvement ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Placebo Analgesia ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Immersion Experience

Experiments have found that choosing between placebo analgesics can reduce pain more than being assigned a placebo analgesic. Because earlier research has shown prior experience moderates choice effects in other contexts, we tested whether prior experience with a pain stimulus moderates this placebo-choice association. Before a cold water pain task, participants were either told that an inert cream would reduce their pain or they were not told this information. Additionally, participants chose between one of two inert creams for the task or they were not given choice. Importantly, we also measured prior experience with cold water immersion. Individuals with prior cold water immersion experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia when given choice, whereas participants without this experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia without choice. Prior stimulus experience appears to moderate the effect of choice on placebo analgesia.

In a Working Mood?

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Reinecke ◽  
Sabine Trepte
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mood Management ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Personal Media ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Subsequent Task

Abstract. This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of exposure to a computer game on arousal and subsequent task performance. After inducing a state of low arousal, participants were assigned to experimental or control conditions via self-selection. Members of the experimental group played a computer game for five minutes; subjects in the control group spent the same amount of time awaiting further instructions. Participants who were exposed to the computer game showed significantly higher levels of arousal and performed significantly better on a subsequent cognitive task. The pattern of results was not influenced by the participants' prior experience with the game. The findings indicate that mood-management processes associated with personal media use at the workplace go beyond the alteration of arousal and affect subsequent cognitive performance.

Influence of Nonconscious Prior Experience on Social Judgments

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 782-782
Author(s):  
Nyla R. Branscombe
Keyword(s):  
Prior Experience ◽  
Social Judgments

Effects of modified task feedback during training on performance of a simulated attitude control task after thirty days.

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Buckhout ◽  
James C. Naylor ◽  
George E. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Control ◽  
Control Task

Influence of Display Techniques and Prior Experience on Decision Making

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Gibson ◽  
Elizabeth H. Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prior Experience
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