scholarly journals Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase D1 specifically cooperate to negatively regulate the insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway

2012 ◽  
Vol 1823 (2) ◽  
pp. 558-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manale Karam ◽  
Claudine Lassarre ◽  
Christine Legay ◽  
Jean-Marc Ricort
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase D1 ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling Pathway ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 Activates Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B via Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 to Improve Testicular Function in Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yanyan He ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Qing-Zhu Wang ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Fengjuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3

Objective. In diabetes mellitus, vitamin D3 deficiency affects sex hormone levels and male fertility; however, the mechanism leading to the disorder is unclear. This research was designed to investigate the mechanism of vitamin D3 deficiency and hypogonadism in diabetic rats. Our aim was to assess serum vitamin D3 levels and the relationship among vitamin D3, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and testicular function. Materials and Methods. Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were randomly divided into four groups and treated with different doses of vitamin D3: no vitamin D3, low (0.025 μg/kg/day), high (0.1 μg/kg/day), and high (0.1 μg/kg/day) with JB-1 (the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibitor group, 100 μg/kg/day). The groups were compared with wild-type rats, which function as the control group. Various parameters such as vitamin D3 and IGF-1 were compared between the experimental and wild-type groups, and their correlations were determined. Results. Twelve weeks of vitamin D3 supplementation improved the testosterone levels, as shown by the increase in the level of serum IGF-1 in diabetic rats. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), which was a downstream of the signaling pathway of IGF-1, was significantly increased after vitamin D3 treatment. Conclusions. The study shows that vitamin D3 may promote the expression of testosterone and improve testicular function in diabetic rats by activating PI3K/AKT via IGF-1.

scholarly journals Genetic manipulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway activity has sex-biased effects on Drosophila body size

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason W. Millington ◽  
George P. Brownrigg ◽  
Paige J. Basner-Collins ◽  
Ziwei Sun ◽  
Elizabeth J. Rideout
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Pathway Activity ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling Pathway

ABSTRACTIn Drosophila, female body size is approximately 30% larger than male body size due to an increased rate of larval growth. While the mechanisms that control this sex difference in body size remain incompletely understood, recent studies suggest that the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) plays a role in the sex-specific regulation of growth during development. In larvae, IIS activity differs between the sexes, and there is evidence of sex-specific regulation of IIS ligands. Yet, we lack knowledge of how changes to IIS activity impact growth in each sex, as the majority of studies on IIS and body size use single- or mixed-sex groups of larvae and/or adult flies. The goal of our current study was to clarify the requirement for IIS activity in each sex during the larval growth period. To achieve this goal we used established genetic approaches to enhance, or inhibit, IIS activity, and quantified body size in male and female larvae. Overall, genotypes that inhibited IIS activity caused a female-biased decrease in body size, whereas genotypes that augmented IIS activity caused a male-specific increase in body size. This data extends our current understanding of larval growth by showing that most changes to IIS pathway activity have sex-biased effects on body size, and highlights the importance of analyzing data by sex in larval growth studies.

scholarly journals Genetic manipulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway activity has sex-biased effects on Drosophila body size

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason W Millington ◽  
George P Brownrigg ◽  
Paige J Basner-Collins ◽  
Ziwei Sun ◽  
Elizabeth J Rideout
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
The Body ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Pathway Activity ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling Pathway

Abstract In Drosophila raised in nutrient-rich conditions female body size is approximately 30% larger than male body size due to an increased rate of growth and differential weight loss during the larval period. While the mechanisms that control this sex difference in body size remain incompletely understood, recent studies suggest that the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) plays a role in the sex-specific regulation of processes that influence body size during development. In larvae, IIS activity differs between the sexes, and there is evidence of sex-specific regulation of IIS ligands. Yet, we lack knowledge of how changes to IIS activity impact body size in each sex, as the majority of studies on IIS and body size use single- or mixed-sex groups of larvae and/or adult flies. The goal of our current study was to clarify the body size requirement for IIS activity in each sex. To achieve this goal we used established genetic approaches to enhance, or inhibit, IIS activity, and quantified pupal size in males and females. Overall, genotypes that inhibited IIS activity caused a female-biased decrease in body size, whereas genotypes that augmented IIS activity caused a male-specific increase in body size. This data extends our current understanding of body size regulation by showing that most changes to IIS pathway activity have sex-biased effects, and highlights the importance of analyzing body size data according to sex.

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