scholarly journals Selection and maintenance of stimulus–response rules during preparation and performance of a spatial choice-reaction task

2007 ◽  
Vol 1136 ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric H. Schumacher ◽  
Michael W. Cole ◽  
Mark D'Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Choice ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Choice Reaction Task ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Reaction Task

Response Selection in Spatial Choice Reaction: Further Evidence against Associative Models

1978 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Correct Response ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Spatial Choice ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Choice Reaction Task ◽  
Alternative Responses ◽  
Associative Models ◽  
Reaction Task

In a “consistent” spatial choice reaction task the same spatial relationship obtains between each stimulus and its correct response. In an “inconsistent” task this is not so. While Duncan (1977a) found both easy (spatially corresponding) and difficult (spatially opposite) responses to be slowed in inconsistent tasks, Smith (1977) found this only for the corresponding responses, the reverse holding for opposites. Reasons for this discrepancy are examined. The result of Smith (1977) depends on the use of different numbers of alternative responses in consistent and inconsistent tasks, a situation allowing no useful comparison between the two. Effects of consistency are related to others in the literature. The general conclusion is that, in these tasks, response selection is based not on a list of associations between individual stimuli and responses, but on operations or rules each of which will generate a set of stimulus–response pairs.

Response Selection Errors in Spatial Choice Reaction Tasks

1977 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Present Experiment ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Spatial Relationships ◽  
Spatial Choice ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Generating Sets ◽  
Choice Reaction Task ◽  
Reaction Task

In a “Consistent” spatial choice reaction task, the same spatial relationship obtains between each stimulus and its appropriate response. In an “Inconsistent” task this is not so. The present experiment concerns errors in Inconsistent tasks. Duncan (in press) has suggested that, when two spatial S-R relationships are involved in a task, the dominant type of error is a response bearing to the stimulus the wrong one of the two relationships. Duncan's results, however, may be described by a different generalization. Rabbitt and Vyas (1973) have suggested that confusions occur between responses which, when made correctly, bear similar spatial relationships to their stimuli. In the present experiment, a new Inconsistent task is studied. The results support the account of Duncan (in press) but provide no support for that of Rabbitt and Vyas (1973). Partly on the basis of error results, Duncan (in press) proposed a model of response selection in the spatial choice reaction task. Unlike previous accounts, this model is not based on a set of individual “S—R” associations; operations generating sets of S—R pairs are involved.

Altered Response Evaluation

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R.A. de Bruijn ◽  
Wouter Hulstijn ◽  
Robbert J. Verkes ◽  
Gé S.F. Ruigt ◽  
Bernard G.C. Sabbe
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Action Monitoring ◽  
Choice Reaction Task ◽  
Error Positivity ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
Altered Response ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Speed And Accuracy ◽  
Reaction Task

Abstract: Recently, D-amphetamine was shown to increase the error negativity, the so-called “response Ne/ERN,” after incorrect choices of hand. We investigated whether this stimulation of action monitoring would also be present in the monitoring of late responses, reflected in the “late Ne/ERN.” Twelve healthy volunteers performed a speeded choice-reaction task on two separate occasions on which either D-amphetamine or a placebo was administered. The results showed a clear late Ne/ERN following too late (TL) responses, but the amplitude of this late Ne/ERN was not affected by treatment condition. An error positivity (Pe) was present after the late Ne/ERN in the placebo condition, but not in the amphetamine condition. Also, P2a amplitudes following TL feedback were larger after administration of amphetamine compared to placebo. Questionnaires filled in by participants showed that they overrated their own speed and accuracy after administration of amphetamine. Overall, this suggests that the stimulating aspects of amphetamine lead to changes in affective and motivational evaluation of errors and performance in general. Therefore, along with the established cognitive contributions, the current results provide evidence for an important role of affective processes in action monitoring and the effects they have on accompanying ERP components.

Interactions between Alcohol, Task Difficulty, and Compatibility in a Choice-Reaction Task

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon H. Robinson ◽  
Warren J. Peebles
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Performance Decrement ◽  
Response Mapping ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Choice Reaction Task ◽  
Response Alternatives ◽  
Reaction Task

This experiment examined the effects of alcohol stress on choice reaction-time tasks of differing difficulty (response alternatives) and compatibility (stimulus-response mapping). Performance decrement under alcohol stress depended on the interaction of task difficulty and compatibility, low compatibility having a larger effect in more difficult tasks.

Effects of psychological pressure on motor cortex excitability and EMG activity in a choice reaction task

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. e242-e243
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Tanaka ◽  
Kozo Funase ◽  
Hiroshi Sekiya ◽  
Joyo Sasaki ◽  
Yufu M. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Choice Reaction Task ◽  
Motor Cortex Excitability ◽  
Psychological Pressure ◽  
Reaction Task

Short-Term Effect of Physical Exercise at Lactate Threshold on Choice Reaction Time

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Kashihara ◽  
Yoshibumi Nakahara
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Choice Reaction Task ◽  
Exercise Period ◽  
Reaction Task

The duration of the enhancement of choice reaction task efficiency by physical exercise at lactate threshold was studied. After healthy male students completed the exercise or nonexercise (control) period for 10 min., they performed a three-choice reaction task for 20 min. The mean heart rate during the choice reaction task after the exercise was higher than that after the control period ( p<.05). For average percentage of correct answers, there were no significant differences between the exercise and control conditions. The reaction time during the first 8 min. of the 20-min. choice reaction task after the exercise period was less than that after the control period and increased gradually thereafter. In conclusion, whereas the choice reaction time was improved by physical exercise at around lactate threshold, the positive effects were seen mainly in the early stages of the task.

scholarly journals On the nature of errors in a choice reaction task

1967 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 345-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Egeth ◽  
Edward E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Choice Reaction Task ◽  
Reaction Task
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