An inquiry into the use of indoor CO2 and humidity ratio trend data with inverse modelling to estimate air infiltration

The article analyzes the main characteristics of organizing and holding sports events compared to other types of sports services. The article explores the trend data from 2010 to 2019 that have an influence on the development of organizing and holding sports events.

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Simulation of the inhibition mechanism of humidity ratio of air in gas explosion process

JOURNAL OF SHENZHEN UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1249.2013.01048 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Yuntao Liang ◽

Wen Zeng

Keyword(s):

Inhibition Mechanism ◽

Humidity Ratio ◽

Gas Explosion ◽

Explosion Process

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Population Viability of Rorippa columbiae: Multiple Models and Spatial Trend Data

Conservation Biology ◽

10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.97094.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1054-1065 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Elizabeth E. Crone ◽

Janet L. Gehring

Keyword(s):

Population Viability ◽

Multiple Models ◽

Spatial Trend ◽

Trend Data ◽

Rorippa Columbiae

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Predicting Excavation-Induced Tunnel Response by Process-Based Modelling

Complexity ◽

10.1155/2020/9048191 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Linlong Mu ◽

Jianhong Lin ◽

Zhenhao Shi ◽

Xingyu Kang

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Inverse Modelling ◽

Machine Learning Techniques ◽

Interaction Patterns ◽

Support Structures ◽

Interaction Processes ◽

Excavation Support ◽

Artificial Neural Network Ann

Potential damages to existing tunnels represent a major concern for constructing deep excavations in urban areas. The uncertainty of subsurface conditions and the nonlinear interactions between multiple agents (e.g., soils, excavation support structures, and tunnel structures) make the prediction of the response of tunnel induced by adjacent excavations a rather difficult and complex task. This paper proposes an initiative to solve this problem by using process-based modelling, where information generated from the interaction processes between soils, structures, and excavation activities is utilized to gradually reduce uncertainty related to soil properties and to learn the interaction patterns through machine learning techniques. To illustrate such a concept, this paper presents a simple process-based model consisting of artificial neural network (ANN) module, inverse modelling module, and mechanistic module. The ANN module is trained to learn and recognize the patterns of the complex interactions between excavation deformations, its geometries and support structures, and soil properties. The inverse modelling module enables a gradual reduction of uncertainty associated with soil characterizations by accumulating field observations during the construction processes. Based on the inputs provided by the former two modules, the mechanistic module computes the response of tunnel. The effectiveness of the proposed process-based model is evaluated against high-fidelity numerical simulations and field measurements. These evaluations suggest that the strategy of combining artificial intelligence techniques with information generated during interaction processes can represent a promising approach to solve complex engineering problems in conventional industries.

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Impact of Air Infiltration on IAQ and Ventilation Efficiency in Higher Educational Classrooms in Spain

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13126875 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 6875

Author(s):

Irene Poza-Casado ◽

Raquel Gil-Valverde ◽

Alberto Meiss ◽

Miguel Ángel Padilla-Marcos

Keyword(s):

Natural Ventilation ◽

Well Being ◽

Cold Season ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Air Infiltration ◽

Ventilation Efficiency ◽

Educational Buildings ◽

Set Up ◽

Total Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

The Impact

Indoor air quality (IAQ) in educational buildings is a key element of the students’ well-being and academic performance. Window-opening behavior and air infiltration, generally used as the sole ventilation sources in existing educational buildings, often lead to unhealthy levels of indoor pollutants and energy waste. This paper evaluates the conditions of natural ventilation in classrooms in order to study how climate conditions affect energy waste. For that purpose, the impact of the air infiltration both on the IAQ and on the efficiency of the ventilation was evaluated in two university classrooms with natural ventilation in the Continental area of Spain. The research methodology was based on site sensors to analyze IAQ parameters such as CO2, Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC), Particulate Matter (PM), and other climate parameters for a week during the cold season. Airtightness was then assessed within the classrooms and the close built environment by means of pressurization tests, and infiltration rates were estimated. The obtained results were used to set up a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model to evaluate the age of the local air and the ventilation efficiency value. The results revealed that ventilation cannot rely only on air infiltration, and, therefore, specific controlled ventilation strategies should be implemented to improve IAQ and to avoid excessive energy loss.

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Winter air infiltration induced by combined buoyancy and wind forces in large-space buildings

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics ◽

10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104501 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 210 ◽

pp. 104501

Author(s):

Xiaochen Liu ◽

Xiaohua Liu ◽

Tao Zhang ◽

Chao Lin ◽

Huai-Yu Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Space ◽

Air Infiltration

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Twelve-month effects of everolimus on renal and lung function in lung transplantation: differences in chronic lung allograft dysfunction phenotypes

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease ◽

10.1177/2040622321993441 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 204062232199344

Author(s):

Filippo Patrucco ◽

Elias Allara ◽

Massimo Boffini ◽

Mauro Rinaldi ◽

Cristina Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Lung Function ◽

Lung Transplant ◽

Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction ◽

Allograft Dysfunction ◽

Transplant Patients ◽

Restrictive Allograft Syndrome ◽

Trend Data

Background: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), a complication affecting the survival of lung transplanted patients, includes two clinical phenotypes: bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) and restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS). Everolimus is used in CLAD because of its antiproliferative mechanism. In lung transplant patients treated with everolimus, the clinical course of renal and lung function has not yet been assessed systematically in CLAD, BOS and RAS patients for more than 6 months. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the 12-month follow-up of renal and lung function of lung-transplanted patients switched to everolimus and evaluated the reduction in immunosuppressant dosage (ISD) and mortality. Subgroups were based on indication for everolimus treatment: CLAD and non-CLAD patients, BOS and RAS among CLAD patients. Results: We included 26 patients, 17 with CLAD (10 BOS, seven RAS). After 1 year from the everolimus switch, we observed renal function improvement (serum creatinine −17%, estimated glomerular filtration rate +24%) and stable pulmonary function [forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) −0.5%, forced vital capacity (FVC) +0.05%]. RAS patients had progressive functional loss, whereas BOS patients had FEV1 improvement and FVC stability. All-cause mortality was higher in the CLAD versus non-CLAD group (41% versus 11%), without differences between BOS and RAS patients ( p > 0.05). All patients had significant and persistent ISD reduction. Conclusion: Lung transplant patients treated with everolimus had improvements in renal function and reduced ISD. We observed sustained improvements in lung function for CLAD related to BOS subgroup results, whereas RAS confirmed the 1-year worsening functional trend. Data seem to suggest one more piece of the puzzle in CLAD phenotyping.

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