Effect of reservoir tillage on rainwater harvesting and soil erosion control under a developed rainfall simulator

Soil erosion is an environmental concern that affects agriculture, wildlife and water bodies. Soil erosion can be avoided by maintaining a protective cover on the soil to create a barrier to the erosive agent or by modifying the landscape to control runoff amounts and rates. This research is focused on Sebeya catchment located in the Western Province of Rwanda. Sebeya catchment is one of the most affected areas by soil erosion hazards causing loss of crops due to the destruction of agricultural plots or riverbanks, river sedimentation and damages to the existing water treatment and hydropower plants in the downstream part of the river. The aims of this research were to assess the performance of erosion remediation measures and to propose the Best Management Practices (BMPs) for erosion control in Sebeya catchment. Using literature review, site visits, questionnaire and interviews, various erosion control measures were analyzed in terms of performance and suitability. Land slope and soil depth maps were generated using ArcGIS software. The interview results indicated that among the 22 existing soil erosion control measures, about 4.57% of farmers confirmed their existence while 95.43% expressed the need of their implementation in Sebeya catchment. Furthermore, economic constraints were found to be the main limitative factors against the implementation of soil erosion control measures in Sebeya catchment. Also, the majority of farmers suggest trainings and mobilization of a specialized technical team to assist them in implementing soil conservation measures and to generalize the application of fertilizers in the whole catchment. Finally, soil erosion control measures including agro-forestry, terraces, mulching, tree planting, contour bunds, vegetative measures for slopes and buffer zones, check dams, riverbanks stabilization were proposed and recommended to be implemented in Sebeya catchment. Keywords: Erosion control measures, Sebeya catchment, Rwanda

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The influence of different roll erosion control products to the particle size distribution of the soil sediment eroded on artificial slopes

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-9417 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Romana Kubínová ◽

Petr Kavka ◽

Martin Neumann ◽

Jan-František Kubát

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Soil Erosion ◽

Particle Size Distribution ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Soil Aggregates ◽

Erosion Control ◽

Initial Condition ◽

Rill Erosion ◽

Rainfall Simulator ◽

Soil Sediment

In this contribution the particle size distributions of the soil sediment obtained from soil erosion experiments were analysed. All the tests were done on arable topsoil&#8217;s, separately the size distribution of the soil aggregates and individual soil particles were evaluated. Soil erosion was initiated under the controlled conditions. CTU Prague laboratory rainfall simulator and field laboratory in Jirkov were used for this research. The rainfall was artificially generated with use of a nozzle type rainfall simulator. The sediment transported due to the surface runoff and rill erosion was collected from the discharge of the inclined soil erosion plots (slopes 20 &#8211; 34&#176;, slope length 4 m). During each experiment, eight samples were collected. Four samples were collected during the first experimental rainfall. For the next ten days, the container was kept aside the rainfall. Afterwards, the raining with the rainfall simulator on plot (which now had different initial condition compared to the plot during the first experimental rainfall as the plot already contained erosion rills from the previous episode) has been resumed and another four samples were collected. Experimental plots were vertically divided into two parts. On one part was an eel and on the second part were different types of rolled erosion control products (RECPs) &#8211; Enkamat 7010, and 7020, Biomac-C, coir fibres K700 and K400, jute, Macmat 8.1, mulch, hay, nonwoven, fortrac 3D and triangle. The influence of RECPs to the particle size distribution was investigated. Laser diffraction has been selected as a method to determine particle size distribution and device Mastersizer 3000 was used. By the comparison of the particle size distribution, of more than five hundred samples, the different response to the soil erosion mechanism and the influence of external factors (slope of the experimental plot, initial condition and presence of RECPs) on the particle size distribution and soil aggregates content in eroded sediment were investigated. It has been found that both the particle size and aggregates size distribution of the eroded sediment changes considerably in time. This research is funded by the TH02030428 - &#8222;Design of technical measures for slopes stabilization and soil erosion prevention&#8221; and by the International CTU grant SGS20/156/OHK1/3T/11.

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The location of property boundaries and fences as a factor in soil erosion control

Australian Surveyor ◽

10.1080/00050326.1962.10439666 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 51-52

Author(s):

R. W. Condon

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Erosion Control ◽

Soil Erosion Control

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Soil Erosion Control in Hungary

Hydrological Problems and Environmental Management in Highlands and Headwaters ◽

10.1201/9780203751466-8 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 63-69

Author(s):

Ádam Kertész ◽

Dénes Lóczy

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Erosion Control ◽

Soil Erosion Control

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Hydraulic Tests and Interpretation of Test Data for Reno Mattresses in Open Channel Flow

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/930/1/012025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 930 (1) ◽

pp. 012025

Author(s):

P D Pietro ◽

M Lelli ◽

A Rahman ◽

Serkandi

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Control Systems ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Erosion Control ◽

Wire Mesh ◽

Unit Weight ◽

Research Results ◽

Colorado State University ◽

Soil Erosion Control ◽

The Stability

Abstract The efficacy of erosion control systems depends on preventing soil loss underneath and maintaining its integrity under the effects of the water flow. The paper presents the research results at the Colorado State University on the performance of double twisted wire mesh products, known as Reno Mattresses, used as soil erosion control systems. Mattresses were subjected to various flow conditions on a 10 m long flume placed on a soil layer. The performance against erosion was evaluated by assessing the effect of the stone motion inside the mattress combined with the condition of incipient soil erosion underneath, in relationship to the mattress thickness, the filling stone properties, and under variable hydraulic flow regimes. At the same time, confirming the stability obtained using the conventional tractive force design approach, the research results allowed to introduce a new performance limit based on incipient soil erosion underneath the revetment. Based on the research results, the authors propose to express the shear resistance of mattresses used as soil erosion control systems as a function of the filling stones’ size, uniformity, unit weight, mattress thickness, and the presence of vertical strengthening elements.

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