The effects of broad-leaved tree species on litter quality and soil properties in a plain forest stand

The article shows that knowledge of the site of a particular forest stand, together with research results and experience, can provide information that is important for the cultivation of mountain forests, including knowledge of the composition of the tree species and the structure and growth capacity of natural forest. Furthermore, certain sites can, thus, be characterized by factors that influence restocking, such as snow mould,lush ground vegetation or low temperature. The guidelines«minimale Pflegemassnahmen» – «Minimal tending of protection forests» (WASSER und FREHNER, 1996) are based on this principle. For individual sites, warnings about natural dangers such as rock fall or statements concerning nature conservation can be made (e.g., the occurrence of tree species, suitability as a biotope for Capercaille). In conclusion, two research projects on the relationship between site and natural dangers will be presented.

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Zuwachs und Klimasensitivität von Baumarten im Ökogramm der kollinen und submontanen Stufe

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2015.0380 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 166 (6) ◽

pp. 380-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pascale Weber ◽

Caroline Heiri ◽

Mathieu Lévesque ◽

Tanja Sanders ◽

Volodymyr Trotsiuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Climate Sensitivity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Ring Width ◽

Basal Area ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Basal Area Increment ◽

Tree Ring Data ◽

Mean Sensitivity

Growth potential and climate sensitivity of tree species in the ecogram for the colline and submontane zone In forestry practice a large amount of empirical knowledge exists about the productivity of individual tree species in relation to site properties. However, so far, only few scientific studies have investigated the influence of soil properties on the growth potential of various tree species along gradients of soil water as well as nutrient availability. Thus, there is a research gap to estimate the productivity and climate sensitivity of tree species under climate change, especially regarding productive sites and forest ad-mixtures in the lower elevations. Using what we call a «growth ecogram», we demonstrate species- and site-specific patterns of mean annual basal area increment and mean sensitivity of ring width (strength of year-to-year variation) for Fagus sylvatica, Quercus spp., Fraxinus excelsior, Picea abies, Abies alba and Pinus sylvestris, based on tree-ring data from 508 (co-)dominant trees on 27 locations. For beech, annual basal area increment ( average 1957–2006) was significantly correlated with tree height of the dominant sampling trees and proved itself as a possible alternative for assessing site quality. The fact that dominant trees of the different tree species showed partly similar growth potential within the same ecotype indicates comparable growth limitation by site conditions. Mean sensitivity of ring width – a measure of climate sensitivity – had decreased for oak and ash, while it had increased in pine. Beech showed diverging reactions with increasing sensitivity at productive sites (as measured by the C:N ratio of the topsoil), suggesting an increasing limitation by climate at these sites. Hence, we derive an important role of soil properties in the response of forests to climate change at lower elevations, which should be taken into account when estimating future forest productivity.

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Pedogenic Threshold in Acidity Explains Context-Dependent Tree Species Effects on Soil Carbon

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change ◽

10.3389/ffgc.2021.679813 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Ellen Desie ◽

Bart Muys ◽

Boris Jansen ◽

Lars Vesterdal ◽

Karen Vancampenhout

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Forest Soils ◽

Tree Species ◽

Litter Quality ◽

Species Selection ◽

Species Effects ◽

Tree Species Effects ◽

Soc Stocks ◽

The Way

Despite the general agreement that maximizing carbon storage and its persistence in forest soils are top priorities in the context of climate change mitigation, our knowledge on how to steer soil organic carbon (SOC) through forest management remains limited. For some soils, tree species selection based on litter quality has been shown a powerful measure to boost SOC stocks and stability, whereas on other locations similar efforts result in insignificant or even opposite effects. A better understanding of which mechanisms underpin such context-dependency is needed in order to focus and prioritize management efforts for carbon sequestration. Here we discuss the key role of acid buffering mechanisms in belowground ecosystem functioning and how threshold behavior in soil pH mediates tree species effects on carbon cycling. For most forests around the world, the threshold between the exchange buffer and the aluminum buffer around a pH-H2O of 4.5 is of particular relevance. When a shift between these buffer domains occurs, it triggers changes in multiple compartments in the soil, ultimately altering the way carbon is incorporated and transformed. Moreover, the impact of such a shift can be amplified by feedback loops between tree species, soil biota and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Hence, taking into account non-linearities related to acidity will allow more accurate predictions on the size and direction of the effect of litter quality changes on the way soil organic carbon is stored in forest soils. Consequently, this will allow developing more efficient, context-explicit management strategies to optimize SOC stocks and their stability.

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Changes in tree species richness, stand structure and soil properties in a successional chronosequence in northern Chiloé Island, Chile

Revista chilena de historia natural ◽

10.4067/s0716-078x2002000200007 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

JUAN C. ARAVENA ◽

MARTÍN R. CARMONA ◽

CECILIA A. PÉREZ ◽

JUAN J. ARMESTO

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Tree Species ◽

Stand Structure ◽

Tree Species Richness

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Invasive N-fixer Impacts on Litter Decomposition Driven by Changes to Soil Properties Not Litter Quality

Ecosystems ◽

10.1007/s10021-016-0099-3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 1151-1163 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Arthur A. D. Broadbent ◽

Kate H. Orwin ◽

Duane A. Peltzer ◽

Ian A. Dickie ◽

Norman W. H. Mason ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Litter Decomposition ◽

Litter Quality

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Mixture of Triclopyr and Imazapyr More Effective than Triclopyr Alone for Hardwood Forest Stand Improvement

Forest Science ◽

10.1093/forsci/fxaa039 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mark A Turner ◽

William D Gulsby ◽

Craig A Harper

Keyword(s):

Coastal Plain ◽

Tree Species ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Forest Stand ◽

Liquidambar Styraciflua ◽

Minimal Risk ◽

Herbicide Mixture ◽

Soil Activity ◽

Individual Trees ◽

Better Than

Abstract Treatment of individual trees in hardwood stands typically is conducted with herbicides that have no soil activity, such as triclopyr. However, triclopyr is not effective on some tree species. Applying a mixture of triclopyr and imazapyr would broaden the spectrum of species controlled, but nontarget mortality may be problematic as imazapyr may affect other trees through soil activity. We applied herbicide via girdle-and-spray as part of a forest stand improvement treatment in four upland hardwood stands in the Upper Coastal Plain of Alabama. We compared effects of using triclopyr alone with a mixture of triclopyr and imazapyr 18 months posttreatment. Only one untreated sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) out of 440 trees was killed in the stands treated with the herbicide mixture (0.5 percent nontarget mortality rate). Nontarget mortality did not differ between treatments. However, the herbicide mixture controlled hickory (Carya spp.) and sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum) better than triclopyr alone, with 56 percent of hickory treated with triclopyr still alive 18 months later, compared with 0 percent of hickory treated with the mixture. Our results indicate a mixture of triclopyr and imazapyr provides better control than triclopyr alone, and there is minimal risk to nontarget tree species in hardwood stands when used according to label recommendations. Study Implications Forest stand improvement (FSI) is a noncommercial practice typically conducted by cutting and using herbicide to kill undesirable trees. Consideration must be given to herbicide selection, which is based on efficacy on target species while minimizing nontarget mortality of residual trees. We found that a mixture of triclopyr and imazapyr applied via girdle-and-spray was more effective for FSI than triclopyr alone, which failed to control a significant proportion of treated hickory, and resulted in essentially no nontarget mortality in mixed hardwood stands 18 months after application.

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Tree species composition and diversity in montane forests of Garhwal Himalaya in relation to environmental and soil properties

Journal of Mountain Science ◽

10.1007/s11629-019-5761-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 3097-3111

Author(s):

Dinesh Singh Rawat ◽

P. Tiwari ◽

Sudipta Kumar Das ◽

J. K. Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Tree Species ◽

Garhwal Himalaya ◽

Montane Forests ◽

Tree Species Composition

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Structure and development of forest stands on permanent research plots in the Krkonoše Mts.

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/73/2010-jfs ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 518-530

Author(s):

S. Vacek ◽

Z. Vacek ◽

L. Bílek ◽

I. Nosková ◽

O. Schwarz

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Tree Species ◽

Vertical Structure ◽

Forest Stand ◽

Forest Stands ◽

Vegetation Zone ◽

Aggregation Index ◽

Tree Species Composition ◽

Results Management ◽

Management Recommendations

The research is focused on structure and development of forest stands from 5th to 8th forest vegetation zone in the Krkono&scaron;e Mts. The forest stand diversity according to tree species composition and representation, horizontal and vertical structure was evaluated by using following indices: Clark-Evans aggregation index (Clark, Evans 1954), standardised Arten-profil index (Pretsch 2005) and index of complex diversity after Jaehne, Dohrenbusch (1997). Growth model SIBYLA (Fabrika, Ďurský 2005) was used for visualizations and growth predictions of forest stands on particular plots. Based on research results, management recommendations were evaluated.

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