scholarly journals Catalysis in microstructured reactors: Short review on small-scale syngas production and further conversion into methanol, DME and Fischer-Tropsch products

2017 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde J. Venvik ◽  
Jia Yang
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Microstructured Reactors

Syngas production for Fischer-Tropsch process via co-electrolytic processes of CO2 reduction and NH3 oxidation

2021 ◽  
pp. 132563
Author(s):  
Minjun Choi ◽  
Jin Won Kim ◽  
Sunki Chung ◽  
Youjin Lee ◽  
Sungyool Bong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Nh3 Oxidation

scholarly journals Perspective tendencies in development of small scale processing of gas resources

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 1033-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Arutyunov ◽  
Valery I. Savchenko ◽  
Igor V. Sedov ◽  
Alexey V. Nikitin ◽  
Ilya G. Fokin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Oxidative Conversion ◽  
Direct Oxidation ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Associated Petroleum Gas ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Oxidation Of Methane ◽  
Alternative Routes

AbstractThis paper analyses alternative routes for production of chemicals from different hydrocarbon gases by their direct, without syngas production, oxidative conversion to oxygenates or ethylene. Main of these routes are direct oxidation of methane to methanol (DMTM) and selective oxy-cracking of heavier natural or associated petroleum gas components which can be used for production of high value-added petrochemicals (in combination with carbonylation processes) and fuel gases, useful for gas piston engines. The advantages and practical capabilities of such technologies are discussed.

scholarly journals Irradiance Variability Quantification and Small-Scale Averaging in Space and Time: A Short Review

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Spatial Smoothing ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Output Variability ◽  
Temporal Averaging

The ongoing world-wide increase of installed photovoltaic (PV) power attracts notice to weather-induced PV power output variability. Understanding the underlying spatiotemporal volatility of solar radiation is essential to the successful outlining and stable operation of future power grids. This paper concisely reviews recent advances in the characterization of irradiance variability, with an emphasis on small spatial and temporal scales (respectively less than about 10 km and 1 min), for which comprehensive data sets have recently become available. Special attention is given to studies dealing with the quantification of variability using such unique data, the analysis and modeling of spatial smoothing, and the evaluation of temporal averaging.

scholarly journals Hydrogen rich product gas from air-steam gasification of Indian biomasses with waste engine oil as binder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Sharma ◽  
Bhupendra Gupta ◽  
Mukesh Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Steam Gasification ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Waste Engine Oil ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Biomass Ratio

Abstract Present study concerns with the production of H2 rich product gas by thermochemical energy conversion having biomass gasification as a route for the four biomasses i.e., Kasai Saw Dust, Lemon Grass, Wheat Straw and Pigeon Pea Seed Coat. The biomasses are from the family of woody biomass, grasses, agricultural waste and food process industry wastes. Waste engine oil as an additive is used, which also acts as a binder. Air gasification and Air-steam gasification is applied and compared for product gas composition, hydrogen yield and other performance parameters like lower heating value, energy yield. Product gas constituents, hydrogen production is examined with different steam to biomass ratio (S/B ratio) and equivalence ratio. The equivalence ratio varies from 0.20–0.40 and the steam to biomass ratio varies between 0–4. The waster engine oil is mixed with the biomasses with different percentage of 5 and 10 wt%. For enhancement of feedstock quality palletization process is applied. The H2 yield is greatly affected by the equivalence ratio. Results show maximum H2 production and higher calorific value of product gas at an air to fuel of 0.26 for all the biomass pallets. Also, the S/B ratio observed as important aspect for hydrogen enrichment. Hydrogen yield is maximum at 2.4 steam to biomass ratio. This study considers the rarely studied Indian biomasses with waste engine oil as an additive for hydrogen-rich product gas production and will be beneficial for small scale hydrogen-rich syngas production considering the central Indian region originated biomasses. Statement of Novelty (SON): Research work belongs to eco-friendly use of rarely studied Indian biomass pallets. Equivalence air to fuel ratio (E/R ratio), steam to biomass ratio (S/B ratio) and waste engine oil as additive have been considered to upgrade H2 content and Calorific Value (CV) of the product gas. Novelty of work include use of waste engine oil as additive to make biomass pallets.

scholarly journals Impinging jets – a short review on strategies for heat transfer enhancement

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Ilinca Nastase ◽  
Florin Bode
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Impinging Jets ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Strong Shear ◽  
Flow Phenomena

In industrial applications, heat and mass transfer can be considerably increased using impinging jets. A large number of flow phenomena will be generated by the impinging flow, such as: large scale structures, large curvature involving strong shear and normal stresses, stagnation in the wall boundary layers, heat transfer with the impinged wall, small scale turbulent mixing. All these phenomena are highly unsteady and even if nowadays a substantial number of studies in the literature are dedicated, the impinging jets are still not fully understood due to the highly unsteady nature and more over due to great difficulty of performing detailed numerical and experimental investigations.

scholarly journals Small Scale Problems of the ΛCDM Model: A Short Review

Galaxies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonino Del Popolo ◽  
Morgan Le Delliou
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Λcdm Model

Rotating Aerofoils and Flaps

1963 ◽  
Vol 67 (625) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Neumark
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Circular Cylinders ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Axis Of Rotation ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
Magnus Effect ◽  
The Subject

Some aerodynamic properties of auto-rotating or forcibly rotated cylinders and aerofoils were investigated even prior to the beginning of aviation and, somewhat surprisingly, it was Maxwell who wrote the earliest (1853) known paper on the subject. That entirely non-mathematical paper tried to explain the curious behaviour of an oblong card which, left to fall freely in the air, started immediately to rotate about its longitudinal axis while deviating from the vertical in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Steady “terminal” conditions are soon reached in which speed, rate of rotation, and path angle, are all constant. This simple experiment revealed at once two important properties of an “aerofoil of large aspect ratio“: (1) ability to autorotate, and (2) ability, when rotating in an air stream, to create an asymmetrical pressure distribution resulting in a force normal to both axis of rotation and mainstream velocity. About the same time, the famous “Magnus effect” on rotating circular cylinders was discovered, but it was not before the Kutta-Joukowski theory of aerodynamic lift appeared some 50 years later that a more general understanding of the “lift through circulation” principle became possible. Magnus effect found important applications in ballistics, and one serious (although not economically successful) attempt was made to apply it in maritime navigation (Flettner's rotorship). As to the use of aerofoils rotating about a horizontal transverse axis for generating lift in aircraft, very little indeed has been done apart from some early publications. The concept of a wing with rotating flap as a lift-augmenting or control device arose from suggestions by Riabouchinsky and Chappedelaine, and there were some early French and German patents based on this concept. However, the matter was soon abandoned. It was taken up again during the last war in Germany, where some interesting experimental and theoretical research was done on a small scale. The subject has apparently never attracted any attention in Britain until 1957 when a short review of the existing information was given by Crabtree. This was followed by the lecturer's own effort which concentrated on the relevant mathematical theory.

scholarly journals Simulation of Oxygen Transport Membranes for CPO Reactors in Small-scale Hydrogen or Syngas Production Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 1589-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Mastropasqua ◽  
Gioele Di Marcoberardino ◽  
Paolo Chiesa ◽  
Stefano Campanari
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Syngas Production
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