scholarly journals Fishing for the genetic basis of migratory behavior

Cell ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-305
Author(s):  
Olivia S. Harringmeyer ◽  
Maya L. Woolfolk ◽  
Hopi E. Hoekstra
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Migratory Behavior

Genetic Basis of Migratory Behavior in European Warblers

Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 212 (4490) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. BERTHOLD ◽  
U. QUERNER
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Migratory Behavior

scholarly journals Variation in candidate genes CLOCK and ADCYAP1 does not consistently predict differences in migratory behavior in the songbird genus Junco

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark P Peterson ◽  
Mikus Abolins-Abols ◽  
Jonathan W Atwell ◽  
Rebecca J Rice ◽  
Borja Milá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Migratory Behavior ◽  
Migratory Restlessness ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Captive Populations ◽  
Molecular Genetic Basis ◽  
Allele Length ◽  
Migratory Status

Recent studies exploring the molecular genetic basis for migratory variation in animals have identified polymorphisms in two genes (CLOCK and ADCYAP1) that are linked to circadian rhythms and correlate with migratory propensity and phenology among individuals and populations. Results from these initial studies are mixed, however, and additional data are needed to assess the generality and diversity of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the biology of migration. We sequenced CLOCK and ADCYAP1 in 15 populations across the two species of the avian genus Junco, a North American lineage in which multiple recently diverged subspecies and populations range from sedentary to long-distance migrants. We found no consistent associations between allele length and migratory status across the genus for either CLOCK or ADCYAP1. However, within two subspecies groups, populations that migrate longer distances have longer CLOCK alleles on average. Additionally, there was a positive relationship between ADCYAP1 allele length and migratory restlessness (zugunruhe) among individuals within one of two captive populations studied—a result similar to those reported previously within captive blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla). We conclude that, while both ADCYAP1 and CLOCK may correlate with migratory propensity within or among certain populations or species, previously identified relationships between migratory behavior and sequence variants cannot be easily generalized across taxa.

Molecular Basis and Clinical Aspects of Hereditary Megakaryocyte and Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Scharf
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Platelet Membrane ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Membrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein

SummarySpecific membrane glycoproteins (GP) expressed by the megakaryocyte-platelet system, including GPIa-lla, GPIb-V-IX, GPIIb-llla, and GPIV are involved in mediat-ing platelet adhesion to the subendothelial matrix. Among these glycoproteins, GPIIb-llla plays a pivotal role since platelet aggregation is exclusively mediated by this receptor and its interaction with soluble macromolecular proteins. Inherited defects of the GPIIb-llla or GPIb-V-IX receptor complexes are associated with bleeding disorders, known as Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, or platelet-type von Willebrand's disease, respectively. Using immuno-chemical and molecular biology techniques, rapid advances in our understanding of the molecular genetic basis of these disorders have been made during the last few years. Moreover, analyses of patients with congenital platelet membrane glycoprotein abnormalities have provided valuable insights into molecular mechanisms that are required for structural and functional integrity, normal biosynthesis of the glycoprotein complexes and coordinated membrane expression of their constituents. The present article reviews the current state of knowledge of the major membrane glycoproteins in health and disease. The spectrum of clinical bleeding manifestations and established diagnostic criteria for each of these dis-orders are summarized. In particular, the variety of molecular defects that have been identified so far and their genetic basis will be discussed.

Anti-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Encephalomyelitis and Extensive Longitudinal Transverse Myelitis Associated with Compound Heterozygous NLRP3 Missense Mutations in a Young Child

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre O'Sullivan ◽  
Michael Moore ◽  
Susan Byrne ◽  
Andreas O. Reiff ◽  
Susanna Felsenstein
Keyword(s):  
Young Child ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Childhood Onset

AbstractAcute disseminated encephalomyelitis in association with extensive longitudinal transverse myelitis is reported in a young child with positive anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody with heterozygous NLRP3 missense mutations; p.(Arg488Lys) and p.(Ser159Ile). This case may well present an exceptional coincidence, but may describe a yet unrecognized feature of the spectrum of childhood onset cryopyrinopathies that contribute to the understanding of the genetic basis for anti-MOG antibody positive encephalomyelitis. Based on this observation, a larger scale study investigating the role of NLRP3 and other inflammasomes in this entity would provide important pathophysiological insights and potentially novel avenues for treatment.

Reading the Image of Race: Neurocriminology, Medical Imaging Technologies and Literary Intervention

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Andrews ◽  
Jonathan M. Metzl
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Wall Street Journal ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Behavioural Genetics ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Brain Scan

On 26 April 2013, the Wall Street Journal published an essay by neurocriminologist Adrian Raine promoting his newest book, The Anatomy of Violence: The Biological Roots of Crime. On the newspaper’s website, an image of a black-and-white brain scan overlaid with handcuffs headed the essay. Clicking ‘play’ turned the image into a video filled with three-dimensional brain illustrations and Raine’s claims that some brains are simply more biologically prone to violence than others. Rejecting what he describes as ‘the dominant model for understanding criminal behaviour in the twentieth century’ – a model based ‘almost exclusively on social and sociological’ explanations – Raine wrote that ‘the genetic basis of criminal behaviour is now well established’ through molecular and behavioural genetics.

Race on Both Sides of the Razor

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence D. Keel
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructionism ◽  
Political Correctness ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Biological Differences

The proliferation of studies declaring that there is a genetic basis to health disparities and behavioral differences across the so-called races has encouraged the opponents of social constructionism to assert a victory for scientific progress over political correctness. I am not concerned in this essay with providing a response to critics who believe races are expressions of innate genetic or biological differences. Instead, I am interested in how genetic research on human differences has divided social constructionists over whether the race concept in science can be used for social justice and redressing embodied forms of discrimination. On one side, there is the position that race is an inherently flawed concept and that its continued use by scientists, medical professionals, and even social activists keeps alive the notion that it has a biological basis. On the other side of this debate are those who maintain a social constructionist position yet argue that not all instances of race in science stem from discriminatory politics or the desire to prove that humans belong to discrete biological units that can then be classified as superior or inferior. I would like to shift this debate away from the question of whether race is real and move instead toward thinking about the intellectual commitments necessary for science to expose past legacies of discrimination.

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