Equilibrium shapes and locations of axisymmetric, liquid drops on conical, solid surfaces

2006 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Hanumanthu ◽  
Kathleen J. Stebe
Keyword(s):  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Equilibrium Shapes

The stability of pendent liquid drops. Part 2. Axial symmetry

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Energy Change ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Stable Equilibria ◽  
Equilibrium Shapes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Many ◽  
Horizontal Support

In a drop of liquid which hangs below a horizontal support or a t the end of a tube, the forces due to surface tension, pressure and gravity are in equilibrium. Amongst the many possible equilibrium shapes of the drop, only those which are stable occur naturally. The calculus of variations has been used to determine theoretically the stable equilibria, by calculating the energy change when the liquid in equilibrium experiences axially symmetrical perturbations under physically realistic constraints. If the energy change can be made negative, the drop is unstable. With this criterion, stable equilibria have been identified through which the naturally growing drops evolve until they reach a maximum volume, when they become unstable. These results are illustrated by calculations relating to typical experimental conditions.

Retention of liquid drops by solid surfaces

1990 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.W Extrand ◽  
A.N Gent
Keyword(s):  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Liquid Drops

3002 Lattice Boltzmann simulations of liquid drops on solid surfaces

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005.18 (0) ◽  
pp. 595-596
Author(s):  
Isao KAWASAKI ◽  
Yosuke MATSUKUMA ◽  
Gen INOUE ◽  
Masaki MINEMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Simulations

Surfactant enhanced spreading of liquid drops on solid surfaces

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Karapetsas ◽  
Richard V. Craster ◽  
Omar K. Matar
Keyword(s):  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Liquid Drops

scholarly journals Equilibrium shapes of charged droplets and related problems: (mostly) a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Goldman ◽  
Berardo Ruffini
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Variational Model ◽  
Optimal Distribution ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Charged Droplets ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Ill Posed ◽  
Equilibrium Shapes

AbstractWe review some recent results on the equilibrium shapes of charged liquid drops. We show that the natural variational model is ill-posed and how this can be overcome by either restricting the class of competitors or by adding penalizations in the functional. The original contribution of this note is twofold. First, we prove existence of an optimal distribution of charge for a conducting drop subject to an external electric field. Second, we prove that there exists no optimal conducting drop in this setting.

The shape and stability of rotating liquid drops

1980 ◽  
Vol 371 (1746) ◽  
pp. 331-357 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Energy Surface ◽  
Basis Functions ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Rotation Rates ◽  
Computer Aided Analysis ◽  
Rotating Liquid ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Equilibrium Shapes

Equilibrium shapes and stability of rotating drops held together by surface tension are found by computer-aided analysis that uses expansions in finiteelement basis functions. Shapes are calculated as extrema of appropriate energies. Stability and relative stability are determined from curvatures of the energy surface in the neighbourhood of the extremum. Families of axisymmetric, two-, three- and four-lobed drop shapes are traced systematically. Bifurcation and turning points are located and the principle of exchange of stabilities is tested. The axisymmetric shapes are stable at low rotation rates but lose stability at the bifurcation to twolobed shapes. Two-lobed drops isolated with constant angular momentum are stable. The results bear on experiments designed to further those of Plateau (1863).

Fluids in Motion: Inspiration and Realization for Artists and STEMists

Leonardo ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
Norman J. Zabusky
Keyword(s):  
Visual Art ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Liquid Drops ◽  
Contemporary Work ◽  
Liquid Pools ◽  
Interactive Displays

The author examines contemporary work in fluids in motion and demonstrates strong connections between visual art and science resulting from innovative technology. In one burgeoning domain—falling liquid drops impacting solid surfaces and liquid pools—it is valuable to compare how artists and scientists describe their goals and their use of high-speed photography to capture and measure events. The author also examines the use of devices to create still images, animations and objects: computers/software for simulation, visualization and 3D printing; installations at focal locations. Finally, he examines the utilization of digital technology by artists, educators, museums and galleries for innovative and interactive displays.

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