Simple reaction times and performance in the detection of visual stimuli of patients with diabetes

For 20 subjects reaction times and force of response were measured on a simple reaction time task to visual stimuli while activation was manipulated by occasionally delivering a noninformative electrical shock. In blocks in which shocks were delivered, forces of response were larger than those in control blocks without shocks. The results are discussed in terms of Sanders' mode! of stress.

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Simple reaction times to lateralized visual stimuli in a case of callosal agenesis

Neurocase ◽

10.1093/neucas/2.3.183-x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 183x-202

Author(s):

A. D. Milner

Keyword(s):

Visual Stimuli ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Callosal Agenesis ◽

Simple Reaction

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Simple reaction times to lateralized visual stimuli in a case of callosal agenesis

Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1016/0028-3932(82)90040-9 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 411-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

A.D. Milner

Keyword(s):

Visual Stimuli ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Callosal Agenesis ◽

Simple Reaction

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Manipulations of the Response-Stimulus Intervals as a Factor Inducing Controlled Amount of Reaction Time Intra-Individual Variability

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11050669 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 669

Author(s):

Paweł Krukow ◽

Małgorzata Plechawska-Wójcik ◽

Arkadiusz Podkowiński

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Simple Reaction Time ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Reaction Time Task ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Individual Variability ◽

Simple Reaction Time Task ◽

Stimulus Interval ◽

Simple Reaction ◽

Response Stimulus

Aggrandized fluctuations in the series of reaction times (RTs) are a very sensitive marker of neurocognitive disorders present in neuropsychiatric populations, pathological ageing and in patients with acquired brain injury. Even though it was documented that processing inconsistency founds a background of higher-order cognitive functions disturbances, there is a vast heterogeneity regarding types of task used to compute RT-related variability, which impedes determining the relationship between elementary and more complex cognitive processes. Considering the above, our goal was to develop a relatively new assessment method based on a simple reaction time paradigm, conducive to eliciting a controlled range of intra-individual variability. It was hypothesized that performance variability might be induced by manipulation of response-stimulus interval’s length and regularity. In order to verify this hypothesis, a group of 107 healthy students was tested using a series of digitalized tasks and their results were analyzed using parametric and ex-Gaussian statistics of RTs distributional markers. In general, these analyses proved that intra-individual variability might be evoked by a given type of response-stimulus interval manipulation even when it is applied to the simple reaction time task. Collected outcomes were discussed with reference to neuroscientific concepts of attentional resources and functional neural networks.

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Indicators of Targeted Physical Fitness in Judo and Jujutsu—Preliminary Results of Research

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18084347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 4347

Author(s):

Wojciech J. Cynarski ◽

Jan Słopecki ◽

Bartosz Dziadek ◽

Peter Böschen ◽

Paweł Piepiora

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Visual Stimulation ◽

Intrinsic Value ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Arithmetic Means ◽

Simple Reaction ◽

Martial Art ◽

Student’S T ◽

Pearson Correlations ◽

Student’S T Test

(1) Study aim: This is a comparative study for judo and jujutsu practitioners. It has an intrinsic value. The aim of this study was to showcase a comparison of practitioners of judo and a similar martial art jujutsu with regard to manual abilities. The study applied the measurement of simple reaction time in response to a visual stimulus and handgrip measurement. (2) Materials and Methods: The group comprising N = 69 black belts from Poland and Germany (including 30 from judo and 39 from jujutsu) applied two trials: “grasping of Ditrich rod” and dynamometric handgrip measurement. The analysis of the results involved the calculations of arithmetic means, standard deviations, and Pearson correlations. Analysis of the differences (Mann–Whitney U test) and Student’s t-test were also applied to establish statistical differences. (3) Results: In the test involving handgrip measurement, the subjects from Poland (both those practicing judo and jujutsu) gained better results compared to their German counterparts. In the test involving grasping of Ditrich rod, a positive correlation was demonstrated in the group of German judokas between the age and reaction time of the subjects (rxy = 0.66, p < 0.05), as well as in the group of jujutsu subjects between body weight and the reaction time (rxy = 0.49, p < 0.05). A significant and strong correlation between handgrip and weight was also established for the group of German judokas (rxy = 0.75, p < 0.05). In Polish competitors, the correlations were only established between the age and handgrip measurements (rxy = 0.49, p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Simple reaction times in response to visual stimulation were shorter in the subjects practicing the martial art jujutsu. However, the statement regarding the advantage of the judokas in terms of handgrip force was not confirmed by the results.

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Expectancy of Stress-Reducing Aromatherapy Effect and Performance on a Stress-Sensitive Cognitive Task

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/419812 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Irina Chamine ◽

Barry S. Oken

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Stress Reduction ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Specific Effects ◽

N200 Amplitude ◽

Related Potentials ◽

And Performance

Objective. Stress-reducing therapies help maintain cognitive performance during stress. Aromatherapy is popular for stress reduction, but its effectiveness and mechanism are unclear. This study examined stress-reducing effects of aromatherapy on cognitive function using the go/no-go (GNG) task performance and event related potentials (ERP) components sensitive to stress. The study also assessed the importance of expectancy in aromatherapy actions.Methods. 81 adults were randomized to 3 aroma groups (active experimental, detectable, and undetectable placebo) and 2 prime subgroups (prime suggesting stress-reducing aroma effects or no-prime). GNG performance, ERPs, subjective expected aroma effects, and stress ratings were assessed at baseline and poststress.Results. No specific aroma effects on stress or cognition were observed. However, regardless of experienced aroma, people receiving a prime displayed faster poststress median reaction times than those receiving no prime. A significant interaction for N200 amplitude indicated divergent ERP patterns between baseline and poststress for go and no-go stimuli depending on the prime subgroup. Furthermore, trends for beneficial prime effects were shown on poststress no-go N200/P300 latencies and N200 amplitude.Conclusion. While there were no aroma-specific effects on stress or cognition, these results highlight the role of expectancy for poststress response inhibition and attention.

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EFFECT OF REACTION TRAINING ON DURATION AND REACTION TIMES

JOURNAL OF INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL RESEARCHES ◽

10.31623/iksad072708 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (27) ◽

pp. 86-92

Author(s):

Tülin ATAN

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Normal Distribution ◽

Training Program ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Rank Test ◽

Tennis Players ◽

Before And After ◽

Speed Performance ◽

And Performance ◽

Training Exercises

In this study, it was aimed to examine the effects of reaction training on reaction time and speed in tennis players. For this purpose a total of 18 tennis players; 9 male (age; 13.33 ± 1.80 years) and 7 female (13.85 ± 2.19 years) were voluntarily participated the study. In this study, the reaction training program, which was applied for 2 days a week for 12 weeks, was prepared in addition to tennis training. In the reaction training, exercises suitable for visual and auditory reaction were used. Before and after the 12-week reaction training, a 30 m speed running test and reaction time tests were performed. Whether the data showed normal distribution was analyzed with the Shapiro Wilk test and it was determined that the data did not show normal distribution. Mann Whitney U test was used in comparisons between the two groups. Wilcoxan Signd Rank test was used in the comparisons made before and after the training. As a result of the statistical analysis, it was seen that both the physical characteristics and performance parameters of males and females in our study group were not statistically different (p>0.05). For this reason, all subjects were taken into consideration regardless of gender in comparisons before and after tennis training. After the reaction training program applied to the subjects, it was determined that the 30 m speed performance values were shortened in duration compared to the pre-training period, that is, the speed improved (p <0.01). When the reaction time values were compared before and after the training program applied, it was seen that the reaction time values improved significantly after the training (p <0.01). As a result, reaction training performed in tennis players’ increases speed and reaction time performance. Reaction training is recommended in sports branches where this type of motor is important.

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Some Factors Affecting Reaction Times to Auditory Stimuli in Mental Patients

Journal of Mental Science ◽

10.1192/bjp.100.419.462 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 100 (419) ◽

pp. 462-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

K. R. L. Hall ◽

E. Stride

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Visual Perception ◽

Visual Stimuli ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Auditory Stimuli ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Mental Patients ◽

Personal Equation ◽

Work Up

A number of studies on reaction time (R.T.) latency to visual and auditory stimuli in psychotic patients has been reported since the first investigations on the personal equation were carried out. The general trends from the work up to 1943 are well summarized by Hunt (1944), while Granger's (1953) review of “Personality and visual perception” contains a summary of the studies on R.T. to visual stimuli.

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