Development of graphene oxide-cellulose acetate nanocomposite reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination

97.5% of the water on Earth is salty, around one percent of that is brackish groundwater, and fresh water is becoming more and more precious. Mature desalination technologies as reverse osmosis, multi-stage flash, multi-effect distillation as well as electrodialysis are introduced in this paper. Of these, such reverse osmosis membranes as cellulose acetate membrane, polyamide membrane and nanomaterials enhanced membrane are discussed. In addition, several seawater desalination processes are presented, and the working manners of three other novel desalination technologies are illustrated. After all, none of the new technologies seem simple and cheap enough to offer much benefit to people, and the appropriate method should be chose according to different nations.

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Cellulose Acetate Reverse Osmosis Membrane Structure

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100095893 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 528-529

Author(s):

H. K. Plummer ◽

E. Eichen ◽

C. D. Melvin

Keyword(s):

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Membrane Structure ◽

Freeze Drying ◽

Dense Layer ◽

Water Removal ◽

Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽

Correct Interpretation ◽

Electron Image ◽

Scanning Electron

Much of the work reported in the literature on cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes has raised new and important questions with regard to the dense or “active” layer of these membranes. Several thickness values and structures have been attributed to the dense layer. To ensure the correct interpretation of the cellulose acetate structure thirteen different preparative techniques have been used in this investigation. These thirteen methods included various combinations of water substitution, freeze drying, freeze sectioning, fracturing, embedding, and microtomy techniques with both transmission and scanning electron microscope observations.It was observed that several factors can cause a distortion of the structure during sample preparation. The most obvious problem of water removal can cause swelling, shrinking, and folds. Improper removal of embedding materials, when used, can cause a loss of electron image contrast and, or structure which could hinder interpretation.

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Optimization of cellulose acetate hollow fiber reverse osmosis membrane production using Taguchi method

Journal of Membrane Science ◽

10.1016/s0376-7388(02)00116-3 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 205 (1-2) ◽

pp. 223-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

A Idris

Keyword(s):

Taguchi Method ◽

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Hollow Fiber ◽

Reverse Osmosis Membrane

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Cysteamine- and graphene oxide-mediated copper nanoparticle decoration on reverse osmosis membrane for enhanced anti-microbial performance

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science ◽

10.1016/j.jcis.2017.04.069 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 501 ◽

pp. 330-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Wen Ma ◽

Adel Soroush ◽

Tran Van Anh Luong ◽

Md. Saifur Rahaman

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Copper Nanoparticle ◽

Reverse Osmosis Membrane

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Separation of nutmeg essential oil and dense CO2 with a cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membrane

Journal of Membrane Science ◽

10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00353-2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 188 (2) ◽

pp. 173-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Cinthia Bittencourt Spricigo ◽

Ariovaldo Bolzan ◽

Ricardo Antonio Francisco Machado ◽

Luiz Henrique Castelan Carlson ◽

José Carlos Cunha Petrus

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Reverse Osmosis Membrane ◽

Nutmeg Essential Oil

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Novel Maleic Acid, Crosslinked, Nanofibrous Chitosan/Poly (Vinylpyrrolidone) Membranes for Reverse Osmosis Desalination

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21197338 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (19) ◽

pp. 7338

Author(s):

Israr Ali ◽

Muhammad Asim Raza ◽

Rashid Mehmood ◽

Atif Islam ◽

Aneela Sabir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellulose Acetate ◽

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Maleic Acid ◽

Ftir Analysis ◽

Seawater Desalination ◽

Thin Film Composite ◽

Active Layers ◽

Physical Interactions ◽

Desalination Technology ◽

Reverse Osmosis Desalination

Fresh and clean water is consistently depleting and becoming a serious problem with rapid increases in population, so seawater desalination technology has captured global attention. For an efficient desalination process, this work proposes a novel, nanofibrous, thin-film composite membrane (NF-TFC) based on the deposition of the nanofibrous active layer of a blend of chitosan (CS) and poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) crosslinked with maleic acid on a 3-triethoxysilylpropylamine functionalized cellulose acetate substrate. FTIR analysis demonstrated the development of chemical and physical interactions and confirmed the incorporation of functional groups present in the NF-TFC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs depict the fibrous structure of the active layers. The reverse osmosis (RO) desalination characteristics of NF-TFC membranes are elevated by increasing the concentration of the crosslinker in a CS/PVP blend. Cellulose acetate (CA)-S4 attained an optimal salt rejection of 98.3% and permeation flux of 42.9 L/m2h, suggesting that the NF-TFC membranes could be favorable for seawater desalination.

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