Does vasectomy explain the difference in tubal sterilization rates between black and white women?

The two-compartment body composition method assumes that fat-free body mass (FFM) has a density of 1.100 kg/l. This study tested the hypothesis that FFM density is independent of race, age, and body fatness. Subjects were 703 black and white subjects, ages 20-94 yr, with body mass index (BMI) 17-35 kg/m2. Body composition was assessed using a four-compartment model based on tritium dilution volume, body density by underwater weighing, bone mineral by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and body weight. No relationship was observed between FFM density and race or BMI. A tendency was observed for a lower FFM density only in older white women. The difference in percent body fat (delta fat) between the four-compartment model and underwater weighing was < 2% for all groups. Race, age, and BMI explained only 2.3 (women) and 1.4% (men) of the variance in delta fat, whereas the total body water fraction of FFM explained 77%. In contrast to current thinking, these results show that the assumption of constant FFM density is valid in black, elderly, and obese subjects.

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COMPONENTS OF THE DIFFERENCE IN HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATIONS IN BLOOD BETWEEN BLACK AND WHITE WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112712 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 109 (5) ◽

pp. 539-549 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

LINDA D. MEYERS ◽

JEAN-PIERRE HABICHT ◽

CLIFFORD L. JOHNSON

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

White Women ◽

The United States ◽

Black And White ◽

The Difference

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Female Labor Force Participation: The Origin of Black and White Differences, 1870 and 1880

The Journal of Economic History ◽

10.1017/s0022050700096753 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 87-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Claudia Goldin

Keyword(s):

White Women ◽

Work Force ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Population Census ◽

Probit Regression ◽

Female Labor ◽

Black And White ◽

Regression Techniques ◽

The Difference ◽

Using Data

Although white women have only recently entered the work force, their black counterparts have participated throughout American history. Differences between their rates of participation have been recorded only for the post-1890 period and analyzed only for the post-1940 period due to a lack of available data. To remedy this deficiency my work explores female labor supply at the dawn of emanicipation, 1870 and 1880, in seven southern cities, using data drawn from the manuscripts of the population census. Probit regression techniques demonstrate that economic and demographic variables explain only part of the difference between black and white women and, as in the findings of contemporary research, race is shown to be an important factor. Several explanations are discussed, in particular one relying on socialization differences which are termed a “legacy of slavery.”

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Standing By Their Men

10.5406/illinois/9780252040900.003.0004 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Deborah Gray White

Keyword(s):

Black Women ◽

White Women ◽

Social Issues ◽

Radical Feminism ◽

Promise Keepers ◽

Black And White ◽

The Family ◽

The Difference ◽

White Womanhood ◽

Made In

This chapter looks at why women associated with the Promise Keepers and most black women supported the men’s marches. It shows that both groups of women believed in the folly of radical feminism, the evil of homosexuality, the need for strong two parent heterosexual families, and the equality of men and women based on the complementarity of their gender roles. It takes a historical look at black and white womanhood and concludes that Promise Keeper women and black women wanted similar things from men but for different reasons. In looking at black and white women historically this chapter explores the concept of postfeminism and the race-traitor trope. It shows the difference that race made in these women’s approach to the family and social issues.

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