Influence of inorganic fraction on polymerization stress development in composites

This paper shows a characterization of the organic and inorganic fraction of river waters (Tiber and Marta) and ores/soil samples collected in the Northern Latium region of Italy for evaluating the anthropogenic/natural source contribution to the environmental pollution of this area. For organic compounds, organochloride volatile compounds in Tiber and Marta rivers were analyzed by two different clean-up methods (i.e., liquid–liquid extraction and static headspace) followed by gas chromatography–electron capture detector (GC-ECD) analysis. The results show very high concentrations of bromoform (up to 1.82 and 3.2 µg L−1 in Tiber and Marta rivers, respectively), due to the presence of greenhouse crops, and of chloroform and tetrachloroethene, due to the presence of handicrafts installations. For the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the inorganic fraction, it is highlighted the use of a nuclear analytical method, instrumental neutron activation analysis, which allows having more information as possible from the sample without performing any chemical-physical pretreatment. The results have evidenced high levels of mercury (mean value 88.6 µg g−1), antimony (77.7 µg g−1), strontium (12,039 µg g−1) and zinc (103 µg g−1), whereas rare earth elements show levels similar to the literature data. Particular consideration is drawn for arsenic (414 µg g−1): the levels found in this paper (ranging between 1 and 5100 µg g−1) explain the high content of such element (as arsenates) in the aquifer, a big issue in this area.

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Real-time monitoring of stress development during electrochemical cycling of electrode materials for Li-ion batteries: overview and perspectives

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c9ta06474e ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (41) ◽

pp. 23679-23726 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Manoj K. Jangid ◽

Amartya Mukhopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Electrochemical Potential ◽

Li Ion Batteries ◽

Stress Development ◽

Electrochemical Cycling ◽

Li Ion ◽

Real Time Information ◽

Time Information

Monitoring stress development in electrodes in-situ provides a host of real-time information on electro-chemo-mechanical aspects as functions of SOC and electrochemical potential.

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Role of Inorganic and Organic Fractions in Animal Manure Compost in Lead Immobilization and Microbial Activity in Soil

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2016/7872947 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Masahiko Katoh ◽

Wataru Kitahara ◽

Takeshi Sato

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Residual Fraction ◽

Inorganic Component ◽

Manure Compost ◽

Microbial Enzyme ◽

Lead Immobilization ◽

Inorganic Fraction

This study aimed to identify how the ratio of inorganic-to-organic components in animal manure compost (AMC) affected both lead immobilization and microbial activity in lead-contaminated soil. When AMC containing 50% or more inorganic fraction with high phosphorous content was applied to contaminated soil, the amounts of water-soluble lead in it were suppressed by over 88% from the values in the soil without compost. The residual fraction under sequential extraction increased with the inorganic fraction in the AMC; however, in those AMCs, the levels of microbial enzyme activity were the same or less than those in the control soil. The application of AMC containing 25% inorganic fraction could alter the lead phases to be more insoluble while improving microbial enzyme activities; however, no suppression of the level of water-soluble lead existed during the first 30 days. These results indicate that compost containing an inorganic component of 50% or more with high phosphorus content is suitable for immobilizing lead; however, in the case where low precipitation is expected for a month, AMC containing 25% inorganic component could be used to both immobilize lead and restore microbial activity.

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