Transesophageal Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Atrial Appendage Anatomy and Function: Comparison with the Left Atrial Appendage and Implications for Local Thrombus Formation

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balachundhar Subramaniam ◽  
Marilyn F. Riley ◽  
Peter J. Panzica ◽  
Warren J. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Echocardiographic Assessment ◽  
Right Atrial Appendage ◽  
And Function

Multiplane transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of left atrial appendage anatomy and function

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 528-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen K. Chan ◽  
Joseph P. Kannam ◽  
Pamela S. Douglas ◽  
Warren J. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Echocardiographic Assessment ◽  
And Function

Right Atrial Appendage: Forgotten Part of the Heart in Atrial Fibrillation

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Ozer ◽  
Ibrahim Sari ◽  
Vedat Davutoglu
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Atrial Thrombus ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Right Atrial Appendage

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinically encountered arrhythmia in adults. Because it is associated with an increased risk of atrial thrombus formation and embolism, medical and/or electrical cardioversion is the preferred treatment method in the majority of clinics. Thrombus formation in the setting of AF most commonly occurs in the left atrial appendage (LAA), left atrium (LA), right atrial appendage (RAA), and right atrium in decreasing frequency. In routine transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation for AF, examination is generally limited to LA and LAA. Although relatively rare when compared with the left side, RAA thrombus has also the potential of embolism and should be screened. A case of RAA thrombus in which the LA and LAA were spared is described. The authors aimed to underline the importance of this rare but potentially dangerous complication of AF.

scholarly journals Prominent Eustachian Valve Mimicking Thrombus in Right Atrium Diagnosed with Computed Tomography in a Patient with Atrial Fibrillation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Ibrahim SARI ◽  
Gülsüm Bingöl ◽  
Ibrahim SARI ◽  
Muharrem Nasıfov ◽  
Özge Özden Tok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Eustachian Valve ◽  
Right Atrial Appendage ◽  
The Right

A 51-year-old man presented with paroxsysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Transthoracic echocardiography revealed mass of 2.3x0.6 cm adjacent to the superior part of the right atrium (RA) compatible with thrombus. Although thrombus formation in the setting of AF is more common in left atrial appendage and left atrium it can also be seen in right atrial appendage and RA. We performed cardiac computerized tomography (CCT) in order to clarify the nature of mass in RA and exclude coronary stenosis. CCT showed prominent eustachian valve measuring 3.2 cm which was not clear on echocardiography. This case underscores the importance of complementary cardiovascular imaging to facilitate the correct diagnosis.

scholarly journals Left atrial appendage morphology and the risk of stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Emese Zsarnóczay ◽  
Lili Száraz ◽  
Anikó Ilona Nagy ◽  
Béla Merkely ◽  
Pál Maurovich-Horvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
And Function

In patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) the risk of stroke is fi ve times higher than in patients with sinus rhythm. Moreover, stroke is likely to be more severe in the AF patient population. Left atrial appendage (LAA) is the most common source of emboli in AF-related stroke. LAA thrombus is present in 15% of AF patients. Therefore, numerous studies aimed to evaluate the role of LAA structure and function in stroke formation. Higher LAA volume and bigger LAA orifice have been reported to be associated with increased risks of stroke. Moreover, not only the size, but also the shape of the LAA influences thrombus formation. The presence of an obvious bend in the proximal part of the dominant LAA lobe, described as chicken wing LAA morphology has been reported to be protective against stroke. However, other studies are not consistent with this fi nding and there is no consensus about LAA morphology categories. LAA has reservoir, contractile, electric and endocrine functions, that can provide essential information about the risk of clot formation and embolic events. Decreased LAA flow velocity, reflecting lower LAA contractility has been described to be associated with higher stroke risk. All in all, even if the LAA plays an important role in stroke formation, there are controversial literature data, therefore further studies are needed to evaluate the underlying mechanisms.

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