scholarly journals Mental health outcomes associated with the use of amphetamines: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 81-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McKetin ◽  
Janni Leung ◽  
Emily Stockings ◽  
Yan Huo ◽  
James Foulds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

scholarly journals Correction to: Prevalence of problematic smartphone usage and associated mental health outcomes amongst children and young people: a systematic review, meta-analysis and GRADE of the evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sei Yon Sohn ◽  
Philippa Rees ◽  
Bethany Wildridge ◽  
Nicola J. Kalk ◽  
Ben Carter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Children And Young People

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Effect of Engagement With Digital Interventions on Mental Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Z. Q. Gan ◽  
Lauren McGillivray ◽  
Jin Han ◽  
Helen Christensen ◽  
Michelle Torok
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
The Relationship

Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) present a promising way to address gaps in mental health service provision. However, the relationship between user engagement and outcomes in the context of these interventions has not been established. This study addressed the current state of evidence on the relationship between engagement with DMHIs and mental health outcomes. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EmBASE databases were searched from inception to August 1, 2021. Original or secondary analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if they examined the relationship between DMHI engagement and post-intervention outcome(s). Thirty-five studies were eligible for inclusion in the narrative review and 25 studies had sufficient data for meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analyses indicated that greater engagement was significantly associated with post-intervention mental health improvements, regardless of whether this relationship was explored using correlational [r = 0.24, 95% CI (0.17, 0.32), Z = 6.29, p < 0.001] or between-groups designs [Hedges' g = 0.40, 95% CI (0.097, 0.705), p = 0.010]. This association was also consistent regardless of intervention type (unguided/guided), diagnostic status, or mental health condition targeted. This is the first review providing empirical evidence that engagement with DMHIs is associated with therapeutic gains. Implications and future directions are discussed.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD 42020184706.

scholarly journals Ethnic density effects for adult mental health: systematic review and meta-analysis of international studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 2054-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Bécares ◽  
Michael E. Dewey ◽  
Jayati Das-Munshi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Ethnic Density ◽  
Racial Ethnic

AbstractBackgroundDespite increased ethnic diversity in more economically developed countries it is unclear whether residential concentration of ethnic minority people (ethnic density) is detrimental or protective for mental health. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis covering the international literature, assessing ethnic density associations with mental health outcomes.MethodsWe systematically searched Medline, PsychINFO, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science from inception to 31 March 2016. We obtained additional data from study authors. We conducted random-effects meta-analysis taking into account clustering of estimates within datasets. Meta-regression assessed heterogeneity in studies due to ethnicity, country, generation, and area-level deprivation. Our main exposure was ethnic density, defined as the residential concentration of own racial/ethnic minority group. Outcomes included depression, anxiety and the common mental disorders (CMD), suicide, suicidality, psychotic experiences, and psychosis.ResultsWe included 41 studies in the review, with meta-analysis of 12 studies. In the meta-analyses, we found a large reduction in relative odds of psychotic experiences [odds ratio (OR) 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76–0.89)] and suicidal ideation [OR 0.88 (95% CI 0.79–0.98)] for each 10 percentage-point increase in own ethnic density. For CMD, depression, and anxiety, associations were indicative of protective effects of own ethnic density; however, results were not statistically significant. Findings from narrative review were consistent with those of the meta-analysis.ConclusionsThe findings support consistent protective ethnic density associations across countries and racial/ethnic minority populations as well as mental health outcomes. This may suggest the importance of the social environment in patterning detrimental mental health outcomes in marginalized and excluded population groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence of problematic smartphone usage and associated mental health outcomes amongst children and young people: a systematic review, meta-analysis and GRADE of the evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Sohn ◽  
Philippa Rees ◽  
Bethany Wildridge ◽  
Nicola J. Kalk ◽  
Ben Carter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Smartphone Use

Abstract Background Over the past decade, smartphone use has become widespread amongst today’s children and young people (CYP) which parallels increases in poor mental health in this group. Simultaneously, media concern abounds about the existence of ‘smartphone addiction’ or problematic smartphone use. There has been much recent research concerning the prevalence of problematic smartphone use is in children and young people who use smartphones, and how this syndrome relates to mental health outcomes, but this has not been synthesized and critically evaluated. Aims To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the prevalence of PSU and quantify the association with mental health harms. Methods A search strategy using Medical Subject Headings was developed and adapted for eight databases between January 1, 1st 2011 to October 15th 2017. No language restriction was applied. Of 924 studies identified, 41 were included in this review, three of which were cohort studies and 38 were cross sectional studies. The mental health outcomes were self-reported: depression; anxiety; stress; poor sleep quality; and decreased educational attainment, which were synthesized according to an a priori protocol. Results The studies included 41,871 CYP, and 55% were female. The median prevalence of PSU amongst CYP was 23.3% (14.0–31.2%). PSU was associated with an increased odds of depression (OR = 3.17;95%CI 2.30–4.37;I2 = 78%); increased anxiety (OR = 3.05 95%CI 2.64–3.53;I2 = 0%); higher perceived stress (OR = 1.86;95%CI 1.24–2.77;I2 = 65%); and poorer sleep quality (OR = 2.60; 95%CI; 1.39–4.85, I2 = 78%). Conclusions PSU was reported in approximately one in every four CYP and accompanied by an increased odds of poorer mental health. PSU is an evolving public health concern that requires greater study to determine the boundary between helpful and harmful technology use. Policy guidance is needed to outline harm reduction strategies.

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